The invention discloses a nano-modified water-based weather-resistant sound isolation adhesive. The nano-modified water-based weather-resistant sound isolation adhesive consists of an acrylate polymer emulsion, an organic silicone modified acrylate copolymer emulsion, a tackifier emulsion, a filler, water, a dispersing agent, a wetting agent, nano-powder aqueous dispersion, a sterilizing agent, a PH value regulating agent, a de-foaming agent and a thickening agent. A preparation method of the nano-modified water-based weather-resistant sound isolation adhesive comprises the steps of emulsion polymerization, emulsion blending, filler slurry preparation, mixture nano-modification and finished product synthesis. The nano-modified water-based weather-resistant sound isolation adhesive has the advantages of wide temperature range, wide frequency, high damping platform, high peeling strength, energy conservation, environment friendliness and light weight; the cost is saved, the construction difficulty is lowered, and the effective space utilization rate is greatly improved. Due to modification of a nano material, the nano-modified water-based weather-resistant sound isolation adhesive is wide in temperature range, good in moisture protection, resistant to heat, light, salt spray and the like, good in ageing resistance, wide in using environment range, high in sound isolation efficiency and high in using value. The sound isolation adhesive is aqueous, has environment-friendly and pollution-free effects, and belongs to novel energy-saving and environment-friendly high molecular materials.