41results about How to "Lower adsorption energy" patented technology

The present invention relates to a method for improving the catalytic activity of an oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst comprising a substrate with a catalytic metallic composite coating. The method comprises exposing the metallic composite coating to a reducing agent to thereby increase oxygen vacancy density in the metallic composite coating.

Composites formed from a liquid core encapsulated by a plurality of nanoparticles are provided herein. The composites in certain embodiments are droplets comprising a hydrophobic dispersed phase within a hydrophilic continuous phase, thereby forming an emulsion. The composites can be used as contrast agents for imaging, therapeutic agents, and adapted for other uses according to the unique properties of the composites disclosed herein.

The invention relates to a preparation method for a NiCo2S4@NiCo2O4 nanoneedle composite catalytic electrode with a core-shell structure. The NiCo2S4@NiCo2O4 nanoneedle composite catalytic electrode grows in situ on the surface of nickel foil through two steps of the hydrothermal process. Compared with the prior art, the electrocatalytic electrode prepared through the method has the advantages that the electrical conductivity of a spinel oxide NiCo2O4 and the electrocatalytic water oxidation property are greatly improved through construction of the double-component core-shell structure, the advantages of being large in current density, high in electrocatalytic efficiency, stable in catalytic property and the like are achieved, only 290-mV overpotential needs to be supplied, the current density can reach 10 mA.cm<-2>, and the initial oxygen evolution potential is 0.46 V vs SCE. In addition, the electrode is simple in preparation method and low in preparation cost and has the potential application value in the energy and environment fields such as water decomposition hydrogen production and carbon dioxide reduction.

A hot embossing lithography method includes the steps of: providing a press mold (20) having a press surface, the press surface having a pattern defined therein; providing a substrate (10′) having a polymer thin film (30) formed thereon; aligning the press mold with the polymer thin film; introducing a vapor to moisten the press surface for lowering a surface adsorption energy of the press surface; heating the polymer thin film to a temperature above a glass transition temperature of the polymer thin film, thereby softening the polymer thin film; pressing the press mold into the softened polymer thin film to transfer the pattern of the press mold into the polymer thin film; cooling the polymer thin film and the press mold to a temperature near the glass transition temperature of the polymer thin film; and separating the press mold from the polymer thin film.

The invention discloses a Ni2P4O12 nanoparticle material and a preparation method and application thereof and belongs to the technical field of catalyst preparation. The Ni2P4O12 nanoparticle materialhas a multistage nanostructure, and nanocrystals of 5-10nm are modified on network-shaped interconnected nanoparticles of about 100nm. The structure provides tremendous active sites for oxygen evolution reaction in electrolytic water and is conducive to adsorption of water molecules, and theoretical researches confirm that crystal planes of exposed nanocrystals have quite low adsorption energy onthe water molecules and oxygen intermediate.

The present invention discloses a cobalt iron oxide hollow nano-cage material, which has an inner cavity and an outer shell. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the cobalt iron oxide hollow nano-cage material, and uses of the cobalt iron oxide hollow nano-cage material in oxygen evolution electrode materials. According to the present invention, the cobalt iron oxide hollow nano-cage material has good performance superior to the commercial noble metal RuO2 material.

The invention discloses a FePt@C composite nano material prepared on the basis of MOF and application thereof to preparation of an electro-catalytic fuel cell. According to the composite nano material, three-dimensional MIL-101 (Fe) is used as a carrier, chloroplatinic acid is reduced into Pt nano particles through heating reflux, the Pt nano particles are encapsulated into a prepared MIL-101 (Fe)cavity, and then the FePt@C composite material is prepared through high-temperature pyrolysis. Pt and Fe form alloy nanoparticles, the synergistic effect between Pt and Fe can promote the change of an electronic structure and enhance the affinity of FePt to HCOOH, surface oxide can be formed under very low potential, the formic acid oxidation performance is obviously higher than that of commercial Pt/C, the preparation method is simple, the problems of poor conductivity of MOF and high cost of a Pt-based catalyst are effectively solved, and a new direction is provided for preparation and electrocatalytic application of other MOF-derived metal carbon materials.

The invention discloses a method for improving the dehydration properties of sludge. According to the method, a biosurfactant and a skeleton builder are used for combined regulation of original sludge. The biosurfactant and the skeleton builder are used for combined regulation so as to improve the dehydration properties of the sludge, so the dehydration properties of the sludge can be substantially improved, the water content of the sludge can be substantially reduced, and the purposes of sludge reduction and reduction in treatment cost can be achieved; the sludge treated by using the method is low in water content and in the content of poisonous and harmful substances and pathogens, and can be used for backfilling and composting or directly used for soil improvement, so a foundation is laid for subsequent treatment and utilization of sludge; and the method is of critical significance to stable, harmless and resourceful treatment of sludge.

The invention discloses a preparation method and an application of an MIL-101 (Cr)-coated AC composite material, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing high-speed ball-milled heteroatom self-doped activated carbon, Cr(NO3)3.9H2O, terephthalic acid, hydrochloric acid and deionized water, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, uniformly stirring and mixing, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, cooling, and carrying out centrifugal separation to obtain a green precipitate; and washing the precipitate with DMF, dispersing the washed precipitate in absolute ethyl alcohol, continuing a hydrothermal reaction, cooling, centrifuging, collecting a product, and washing and drying to obtain the MIL-101 (Cr)-coated AC composite material. The preparation conditions are mild, the process is simple, the acid which is low in price and relatively safe is adopted as the modifier, and the production cost and the danger coefficient are greatly reduced; the synthesized MIL-101 (Cr)-coated AC composite material is uniform in size, good in dispersity, high in crystallinity and yield and profound in application prospect in the field of gas adsorption.

The invention discloses a lithium carbon dioxide battery positive electrode material and application thereof. The lithium carbon dioxide battery positive electrode material comprises aminated grapheneoxide; and the aminated graphene oxide is prepared by mixing graphene oxide, an amination reagent and water and carrying out hydrothermal reaction. The invention also provides an application of the lithium carbon dioxide battery positive electrode material in preparation of a lithium carbon dioxide battery positive electrode. The preparation method of the aminated graphene oxide in the positive electrode material of the lithium-carbon dioxide battery is simple, and the problems of large charge-discharge potential difference, poor cycle performance and the like of a high-capacity battery are solved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photocatalysis, and particularly relates to a tungsten trioxide/ZIF-8 composite catalyst synthesis method, which at least comprises: (1) dispersing tungsten trioxide nanosheets in deionized water, adding a 2-methylimidazole aqueous solution, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 5-15 min; (2) dropwise adding a 2-methylimidazole aqueous solution,and stirring the solution for 8-15 minutes; (3) adding a prepared zinc acetate aqueous solution, and stirring the solution for 1.5-2.5 hours at room temperature; and (4) washing the mixed solution with a washing solution, and drying the mixed solution to obtain the target product. Tungsten trioxide has a relatively high oxidation-reduction potential and the ZIF-8 is a crystalline porous material,has a relatively high specific surface area, a porous structure, rich Lewis base sites and relatively high adsorption capacity, so that the composite catalyst is capable of effectively improving the adsorption capacity of tungsten trioxide by utilizing respective advantages of ZIF-8 and Lewis base sites and combining ZIF-8 with the Lewis base sites to prepare a compound.

The invention provides a carbon interlayer copper nanosheet electrocatalyst with a sandwich structure, a preparation method, an electrode and application. A middle layer of the electrocatalyst is a copper nanosheet, and the average thickness of the copper nanosheet is 3-4 nm; and graphene-like layers are arranged on the two sides of the copper nanosheet, and the average thickness of the graphene-like layers is 0.8-4.3 nm. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing copper nanosheets, pouring the copper nanosheets into a tirs-HCl dopamine buffer solution to generate a self-polymerization reaction, centrifugally cleaning a product after the reaction is completed, and then drying the product in a dryer; and putting the dried product into a high-temperature furnace in which argon shielding gas is introduced, conducting heating at 450-600 DEG C for at least 1 hour, then conducting heating to 900-1000 DEG C, conducting reacting for at least 5 minutes, and conducting cooling to room temperature within 15 minutes after the reaction is completed, thereby obtaining the carbon interlayer copper nanosheet with the sandwich structure. The carbon sandwich structure provided by the invention can prevent the copper nanosheet with high reaction activity from being oxidized in the atmosphere, and shows excellent catalytic performance in the process of selectively and electrochemically reducing CO2 into CH4.

The invention relates to a supported noble metal compound as well as preparation and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electrosynthesis. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing a noble metal salt and a carbon carrier into water, and then heating to evaporate a solvent to dryness, so that the noble metal salt is adsorbed on the carbon carrier to obtain a solid powder precursor; the solid powder precursor is heated in a reducing atmosphere, so that the precious metal salt is reduced to obtain a precious metal simple substance, and an intermediate product is obtained; and reacting the intermediate product with a gas obtained after sublimation of a chalcogen nonmetal simple substance in a reducing atmosphere, or directly reacting in an oxygen-containing atmosphere at 250-450 DEG C to obtain the carbon-supported noble metal compound. The obtained catalyst shows excellent hydrogen peroxide electrosynthesis selectivity and stability, the preparation process is simple, and the catalyst is suitable for large-scale production.

The invention discloses an aluminothermic reduction ceria octahedral material and its preparation method and application. The material has an octahedral single crystal structure, exposes (111) crystal faces, contains oxygen vacancies on the surface, and covers the surface of the octahedral single crystal structure. 1~2nm amorphous layer, the amorphous layer contains oxygen vacancies and Ce ³⁺ . The preparation method is as follows: adopting a hydrothermal method to prepare octahedral ceria nanocrystals, and performing aluminothermic reduction treatment on octahedral ceria nanocrystals. The material provided by the invention is used to prepare electrodes, has high catalytic activity, high sensitivity, wide linear range, good stability and high selectivity, and the material is proved to be suitable for H in real samples ₂ o ₂ The detection error is extremely low, which can meet the needs of practical applications.