The invention discloses a cherry potted plant soilless culture substrate and a preparation method thereof. The cherry potted plant soilless culture substrate comprises plant stalks, charcoal powder, river sand, rough rice bran, granular active carbon, nut shells, nitrate nitrogen fertilizer, dipotassium phosphate, potassium sulfate, sodium stearate, anaerobic microbes, livestock manure, trace elements, rotten vegetable residue, water and pH (potential of hydrogen) conditioning agents. On the premise that healthy and strong growth of a cherry potted plant is guaranteed, common diseases of cherries which are cultured by the traditional soil culture method are effectively overcome and prevented, cherry fruiting is promoted, and the ripening time is shortened. By the use of the cherry potted plant soilless culture substrate, fruit trees in gardens can be dwarfing and can be transplanted in small flowerpots, a courtyard can be beautified, and rooms can be decorated. The cherry potted plant soilless culture substrate has the advantages of small occupied space, convenience in transportation, wide using range and obvious practical value.