6results about How to "Change electronic structure" patented technology

The application discloses a preparation method of a closed micropore structure sodium ion battery negative electrode hard carbon material, and comprises the following steps: S1, preparation of a precursor mixed solution: biomass raw material powder and an inorganic acid pore former are used to prepare the precursor mixed solution; S2, carbon precursor drying: the precursor mixed solution is dried to prepare the carbon precursor; S3, pore forming of a closed pore carbon intermediate: the carbon precursor is subjected to high-temperature activation reaction to obtain the closed pore carbon intermediate with a micropore structure after activation; S4, closed pore carbon intermediate refining treatment: the carbon intermediate is crushed and refined, and the refined closed pore carbon intermediate is obtained through sieving; and S5, high-temperature carbonization of the hard carbon material: the refined carbon intermediate obtained in the step S4 is subjected to high-temperature carbonization to obtain the hard carbon material with the closed micropore structure. The application has the characteristics of a green and environment-friendly process, a small specific surface area and excellent electrochemical performance.

This invention relates to the field of battery fabrication, specifically disclosing a tetragonal zirconium dioxide / carbon sphere composite material and its preparation method and application. The method includes the following steps: (1) dissolving zirconium tetrachloride in a solvent, then adding dopamine, and after thorough dissolution and mixing, slowly adding ammonia water. As ammonia water is added, the solution gradually turns into a milky white opaque liquid. The solution is continuously stirred at room temperature until it gradually changes from milky white to brownish-black, obtaining a zirconium-based / polydopamine composite precursor; (2) centrifuging the obtained zirconium-based / polydopamine composite precursor, washing it to obtain a brownish-black precipitate, drying the brownish-black precipitate to obtain a brownish-black precursor powder; (3) calcining the precursor powder to obtain a tetragonal zirconium dioxide / carbon sphere composite material. This invention successfully constructs a metastable tetragonal zirconium dioxide composite catalyst induced by polydopamine and confined to the surface of carbon spheres.

The invention belongs to the technical field of nano material preparation, and provides a preparation method of a biomass-derived molybdenum carbide-based electrochemical hydrogen evolution catalyst. Specifically, biomass Chinese yam with a wide source is used as a carbon and nitrogen source, a molybdenum-based precursor is obtained through simple impurity removal, airing, grinding and hydrothermal reaction with ammonium molybdate, then the precursor is roasted in an inert atmosphere, and the biomass nitrogen-doped carbon-molybdenum carbide nano composite catalyst is prepared by adjusting the carbonization temperature and the carbon-molybdenum ratio of reaction raw materials. The molybdate and the common biomass Chinese yam are adopted as raw materials, the source is wide, the price is low, the preparation method is simple and safe, and the controllability of the preparation process is high. In the prepared composite material, molybdenum carbide particles are good in dispersity on biomass carbon, and the composite material has good electrochemical activity and stability when being applied to an electro-catalysis water desorption hydrogen desorption reaction.

This invention discloses a method for preparing phenolic chemicals by hydrogenolysis of lignin catalyzed by a cobalt-based nitrogen-carbon composite material. Using organosoluble lignin as raw material, a cobalt-based nitrogen-carbon composite material as catalyst, and a mixed solvent of small organic molecule alcohol and formic acid, the reaction is carried out under an inert gas atmosphere of 0.5–3 MPa, maintaining a reaction temperature of 210–250 °C, and a reaction time of 2–6 h. This method catalyzes the depolymerization of lignin to obtain a series of p-hydroxyphenyl products, achieving high-value utilization of lignin. The lignin conversion rate of this invention is as high as 89.6%, the total yield of monophenolic products can reach 17.7%, of which the yield of p-hydroxyphenyl products reaches 9.0%, with a selectivity of 50.8%. The catalyst preparation process used in this invention is simple and can catalyze the hydrogenolysis of lignin by short-chain alcohols and carboxylic acid solvents under mild conditions to obtain high-value-added chemicals such as p-hydroxyphenyl products.

The invention relates to the technical field of electro-catalysis, and discloses a water electrolysis hydrogen evolution method which comprises the following steps: under a water electrolysis condition, taking a water electrolysis hydrogen evolution catalytic electrode as a working electrode to carry out water electrolysis reaction; wherein the water electrolysis hydrogen evolution catalytic electrode comprises a conductive substrate and a catalytic material compounded on the surface of the conductive substrate, and the catalytic material comprises a carbon-coated platinum-based alloy nano material and conductive carbon black; wherein the carbon-coated platinum-based alloy nano material contains a platinum-metal M alloy particle inner core and a graphitized carbon layer coated on the surface of the platinum-metal M alloy particle inner core, and the metal M is selected from at least one of Ni, Co and Zn. The water electrolysis hydrogen evolution method provided by the invention has relatively low reaction overpotential and relatively high reaction activity and stability.

The present application belongs to the field of non-point source pollution treatment, and provides a method for treating non-point source pollution by using river slope. The method comprises the following steps: setting at least two guide plates at the river slope where non-point source pollution wastewater flows into the river, the upper end and the lower end of the guide plate being connected with the top and the bottom of the slope respectively, and forming a non-point source pollution treatment area between the guide plates; digging a plurality of discrete filler pits on the slope surface of the non-point source pollution treatment area, fixing filler bags containing carbon-based functional materials or environmental functional materials in the filler pits, and making the filler bags protrude from the slope surface; introducing non-point source pollution wastewater into the non-point source pollution treatment area or adding an oxidizing agent while introducing the wastewater, and the wastewater contacts with the materials in the filler bags during flowing through the non-point source pollution treatment area to realize adsorption or adsorption and degradation of pollutants. The present application provides an effective way for treating non-point source pollution, and can reduce the threat of non-point source pollution to the ecological environment of rivers.