Low loss photonic waveguides and ring resonators are necessary for highly accurate
gyroscope functionality. For fabrication of these low loss waveguides and ring resonators, an improved and cost-effective fabrication method has been proposed wherein for
silicon nitride waveguides, a minimum of 2 μm thin bottom
oxide cladding above etched trenches (cavities) in
silicon facilitates both lower losses and higher Q values ring resonators as compared to the conventional 8 μm thick bottom
oxide cladding without etched trenches in
silicon. The trenches below the thin bottom
oxide cladding are created through
xenon difluoride (XeF2) gas
etching in selective areas of silicon substrate through vias (openings). After
etching the trenches, these vias are filled by the addition of a final top oxide cladding layer. The proposed method provides about three times improvement both in propagation losses as well as in quality factor for side coupled ring resonators.