The invention provides a fluorescent probe for identifying aluminum ions and its preparation method and application. The molecular formula of the fluorescent probe is C 24 h 25 N 2 o 3 , the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding (1R, 2R)-cyclohexanediamine and dehydrated ethanol successively to a three-neck flask under N2 protection, and then adding o-vanillin to adjust the pH of the solution to pH=4~4 After 5, spin dry under vacuum to obtain a light yellow solid, and dissolve it in 100 mL of distilled water, wash with dichloromethane three times to obtain a yellow aqueous solution, slowly add ammonia water dropwise to pH = 9-10, wash with distilled water three times, and collect Dichloro, vacuum-dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate to obtain yellow semi-body compound A, then add compound A and anhydrous methanol to the three-necked flask in turn, then dissolve 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde in methanol solution and add to it , continue the reaction at room temperature and then spin dry until a solid is produced. The solid is washed with methanol three times to obtain a fluorescent probe. This method is simple, fast, easy to operate, and has good selectivity and high sensitivity.