A process for preparing potassium sulfate and potassium-magnesium fertilizer from polyhalite includes the following steps of 1, ore grinding, wherein polyhalite is subjected to ore grinding until the content of 120-mesh ground polyhalite is 85wt% or above; 2, washing, wherein sodium chloride in polyhalite is washed away with water; 3, roasting, wherein the washed ore is roasted at a high temperature; 4, leaching, wherein potassium and magnesium in polyhalite are leached; 5, solid-liquid separation, wherein ore pulp obtained through leaching is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and mother liquor containing potassium sulfate and magnesium sulfate can be obtained; 6, evaporation, wherein the mother liquor is evaporated to separate out potassium sulfate, filtering separation is carried out to obtain a potassium sulfate product, the mother liquor continues to be evaporated to a certain concentration, and filtering separation is carried out to obtain a potassium-magnesium fertilizer product. The process is simple, the raw material source is wide, and the cost is low; sodium chloride in polyhalite can be effectively removed, the K+ leaching rate is high, the water consumption for leaching is small, the K+ concentration in the leaching mother liquor is high, the energy consumption for evaporative crystallization at the later stage is lowered, the K+ utilization rate is high, and the product grade is high.