126 results about "Superhydrophilicity" patented technology

The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic glass coatings, and particularly relates to a super-hydrophilic anti-reflection wear-resistant self-cleaning coating for room-temperature curing of photovoltaic glass, which takes nano silicon dioxide sol as a main film-forming agent to cure and form a film and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-90 parts of deionized water, 9-20 parts of nano silicon dioxide sol, 1-10 parts of a silane coupling agent and 0.001-1 part of nano titanium dioxide. The coating is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 0.01-1 part of a surfactant, 0.01-1 part of modified polyvinyl alcohol, 0.01-1 part of water-based acrylic resin, 0.001-1 part of an antistatic agent, 1-5 parts of a curing agent, 1-5 parts of a flatting agent and 0.1-1 part of a wear-resistant agent. The super-hydrophilic anti-reflection wear-resistant self-cleaning coating has super hydrophilicity, the water contact angle is below 10 degrees, the hydrophilicity, the antistatic property, the anti-reflection property, the wear resistance and other properties of glass can be remarkably improved, and when the super-hydrophilic anti-reflection wear-resistant self-cleaning coating is applied to photovoltaic module glass, the photoelectric conversion efficiency in photovoltaic power generation can be improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of enhanced boiling heat exchange, and designs a non-uniform fractal micro-pit structure and super-hydrophilic composite surface, which comprises a micro-pit structure, a micro-pit structure area and a super-hydrophilic channel, the micro-pit structure and the micro-pit structure area can be obtained through a nanosecond laser micromachining technology, a non-uniform fractal micro-pit structure is formed on the surface of the copper base, and the super-hydrophilic channel can be obtained in a chemical oxidation mode. According to the non-uniform fractal micro-pit structure and super-hydrophilic composite surface, the number of vaporization cores can be increased under the low heat flux, the directional bubble convergence process can be achieved under the medium heat flux, liquid backflow can be enhanced under the high heat flux, bubble film forming can be delayed, and the critical heat flux can be increased; therefore, the enhanced boiling heat exchange effect under different heat flux densities is achieved.

The invention provides a laser polishing device combining gas protection and substrate heat dissipation and a using method. The device comprises a focus lens (1), a laser beam (2), a to-be-polished sample piece (3), a gas nozzle (4), a gas pipe (5), a high-pressure gas cylinder (6), a dust collector (7), a cooling liquid level (8), a metal substrate (9), an objective table (10), a water tank (11) and a laser (12). The invention further relates to a using method of the device. A micro-nano coarse structure is formed on the surface of the metal substrate through chemical etching, electrochemical etching or laser etching and the like, then a hydrophilic oxide layer is introduced through oxidation treatment or plasma treatment, and the super-hydrophilic performance of the metal substrate is further enhanced. The device has excellent liquid cooling capacity, gas protection performance and oxidation resistance, heat can be efficiently conducted and dissipated in the laser polishing process, the temperature uniformity of the surface of a sample is ensured, and overheating and oxidation phenomena are prevented.

The invention discloses sulfo group modified silicon-based hybridized super-hydrophilic anti-fog resin as well as a preparation method and application of the sulfo group modified silicon-based hybridized super-hydrophilic anti-fog resin. The silicon-based hybrid super-hydrophilic anti-fog resin is based on polysiloxane modified acrylic resin, a functional monomer containing a sulfonic acid group is introduced, the dosage is controlled, a spraying process is combined, a prepared coating has excellent anti-fog performance, high transparency and mechanical stability, the water contact angle of an obtained coating film is 5-6 degrees, the hardness is 2-3H, the adhesive force is 0 grade, and the anti-fog performance is good. The acid and alkali resistance test lasts for more than 30 hours, and super hydrophilicity is realized. The coating shows excellent antifogging performance under the steam environment of 80 DEG C and the freezing environment of-15 DEG C, and is suitable for antifogging treatment of substrates such as optical devices and automobile glass.

The invention provides a preparation method of a Joule heat-assisted super-wetting metal net, a metal net with super-hydrophilic performance and a metal net with super-hydrophobic performance. According to the material, carbon nanotubes are firmly adhered to the surface of a metal net through polydopamine mediation to construct a micro-nano coarse structure, a hydrophobic alkyl compound is grafted through a sulfenyl three-component coupling reaction to reduce surface energy, and a super-hydrophilic / underwater super-oleophobic metal net and a super-hydrophobic metal net are prepared respectively. The Joule heating effect of the material is remarkably enhanced by introducing the carbon nanotubes, so that the temperature of the material can be rapidly increased to 100 DEG C or above within 20 seconds under the ultralow voltage of 2.0 V. The characteristic can be effectively used for in-situ heating viscosity reduction of high-viscosity crude oil, continuous and efficient oil-water separation is achieved in a double-channel separation device, the crude oil flux reaches up to about 3985 L.m <-2 >. H <-1 >, and the separation efficiency exceeds 98.6%. The method is also suitable for stainless steel meshes with micron-sized apertures, and can realize efficient separation of various crude oil emulsions.

The invention relates to the technical field of functional coating materials, in particular to a zwitterionic polymer / halloysite nanotube-based coating and a preparation method of self-cleaning glass. The preparation method of the self-cleaning glass comprises the following steps: soaking treated glass in cleaning slurry containing HNTs-NH2 and a zwitterionic polymer SBMA-co-AA, washing with deionized water, and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 60 DEG C to finally obtain the glass with the self-cleaning and anti-fog functional coating. The self-cleaning coating is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: a zwitterionic polymer, MES, EDC, NHS, HNTs-NH2 and deionized water. The self-cleaning coating provided by the invention has super-hydrophilicity, anti-pollution and anti-fog functions and self-healing capability, can effectively remove pollutants on the surface of glass, improves the self-cleaning effect and prolongs the service life.

The present disclosure provides a bionic Australian thorny devil grinding wheel, a grinding device, and a preparation process, and relates to the field of grinding equipment. For the problem of the poor effect of conveying grinding fluid by a grinding wheel at present, imitating semi-open capillary channels and a honeycomb structure on the skin of the Australian thorny devil, prisms with isosceles trapezoidal bottom surfaces are arranged on a matrix in sequence to form directional liquid self-conveying flow channels and a superhydrophilic honeycomb-like hexagonal distribution structure.

The invention discloses an efficient salt elimination three-dimensional porous solar evaporator and preparation and application thereof. The evaporator is in an inverted cone shape. The evaporator comprises an efficient salt elimination porous foamy copper framework and a water supply layer attached to the outer side of the efficient salt elimination porous foamy copper framework; the efficient salt elimination porous foamy copper framework is a porous foamy copper framework which is sequentially subjected to alkaline solution wet oxidation treatment, graphene oxide deposition treatment and sodium polystyrenesulfonate soaking treatment. According to the efficient salt elimination three-dimensional porous solar evaporator, wet oxidation treatment of the alkaline solution brings super hydrophilicity to the evaporator, and evaporation enthalpy of water is reduced; the deposited graphene oxide can realize broadband light absorption, and provides a space for vapor diffusion and diffuse reflection of incident light in the porous skeleton; the evaporation area of water is enlarged through the inverted cone structure and the stacked framework; sO3 ionized from sodium polystyrenesulfonate is beneficial to repelling salt ions in main water, precipitation of salt crystals on the surface of the evaporator is reduced, and the application prospect is good.

The invention relates to a PDMAPAA (at) TA-APTES (at) PVDF composite hydrogel film as well as a preparation method and application thereof. According to the invention, PVDF is used as the base membrane, and the material is low in price, good in mechanical property, environment-friendly and good in recycling performance. A dual autocatalysis system is constructed by using iron ions (Fe < 3 + >) and tannic acid (TA), and the PDMAPAA-coated TA-APTES-coated PVDF composite hydrogel film is rapidly and efficiently prepared on a large scale under a mild condition. The prepared PDMAPAA (at) TA-APTES (at) PVDF composite hydrogel membrane has the advantages of high flux, super hydrophilicity, underwater super oleophobicity and long-time stable anti-pollution property. The preparation method is simple, convenient to operate, low in energy consumption, easy to treat and free of secondary pollution, conforms to the concept of green chemistry, and has a good application prospect in the field of oil-water separation; the prepared anti-pollution oil-water separation membrane has super-hydrophilic property and excellent anti-pollution property, can stably operate for a long time, and is suitable for industrial production.

The invention discloses an anti-reflection wear-resistant nano hydrophilic anti-fog lens and a preparation method thereof, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the injection molding, ultrasonic deep cleaning and surface cleaning treatment of the lens, and obtaining a clean substrate layer; preparing an organic silicon resin hardening liquid, coating the surface of the substrate layer with the organic silicon resin hardening liquid, and curing to obtain an organic silicon resin layer; preparing a nano hydrophilic coating; cleaning the surface of the organic silicon resin layer, keeping the surface dry, and activating by using plasma equipment; and coating the surface of the activated organic silicon resin layer with a nano hydrophilic coating, and then baking at the temperature of 40-120 DEG C for 6-0.5 h to obtain the nano hydrophilic coating. According to the invention, a nano hydrophilic coating containing modified silicon dioxide is adopted to be in covalent bond connection with an active group in the organic silicon resin layer, so that lasting hydrophilic modification of the substrate layer is realized, a water drop contact angle is less than 6 degrees, super-hydrophilicity can be presented without illumination, and the super-hydrophilic group has low chemical activity, is not easy to pollute and is convenient to clean; the service life is long.

The invention discloses a near-infrared two-region photosensitive molecule, a preparation method of the near-infrared two-region photosensitive molecule and application of the near-infrared two-region photosensitive molecule in preparation of suture lines, belongs to the technical field of medical materials, and synthesizes an aggregation-induced emission organic photosensitizer molecule T-TBT-P for near-infrared two-region emission. The AIE nano aggregate carrying positive charges is formed by self-assembly of hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups of the molecule in water; preparing a polydopamine nano coating on the surface of the suture line by using a dopamine oxidation auto-polymerization method, so that the surface of the suture line carries negative charges and has super-hydrophilicity; finally, the T-TBT-P nano aggregate is loaded on the surface of the suture line through the electrostatic adsorption effect, finally, the diagnosis and treatment integrated suture line is prepared, and the diagnosis and treatment integrated suture line has good antibacterial, subcutaneous tracing and tissue adhesion resisting performance and has good application prospects.

A preparation method of a Cu-HHTP-PPy / stainless steel mesh oil-water separation membrane comprises the following steps: depositing polypyrrole on the surface of a stainless steel mesh to obtain a PPy / stainless steel mesh; pPy / stainless steel is subjected to plasma activating treatment and then placed in a copper acetate solution to be soaked, then the PPy / stainless steel is placed in HHTP, and the Cu-HHTP-PPy / stainless steel mesh separation membrane is obtained through electrochemical auxiliary soaking treatment. The Cu-HHTP-PPy / stainless steel mesh oil-water separation membrane prepared by the invention has super-hydrophilicity-underwater super-oleophobicity, also has electrothermal-photothermal properties, has an underwater oleophobic contact angle of 155 degrees, has efficient oil-water separation performance for different oils, has oil-water separation efficiency of 99% or more, also has relatively high permeation flux and excellent cycle stability, and can be applied to the field of oil-water separation. After circulation for more than 30 times, the oil-water separation efficiency still reaches more than 99%, and the permeation flux stably fluctuates in a relatively small range.

The invention relates to an interfacial polymerization PBI modified alkaline water electrolysis composite diaphragm as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The alkaline water electrolysis composite diaphragm provided by the invention has excellent super-hydrophilicity, high gas barrier property, low surface resistance and alkali-resistant stability. The method has the advantages of stable physical properties, mild and simple process, green and environment-friendly raw materials, low cost and industrial application potential.

The invention provides an ultrathin heat dissipation composite coating, preparation of the ultrathin heat dissipation composite coating and an ultrathin heat dissipation metal plate comprising the ultrathin heat dissipation composite coating. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a silicon dioxide precursor sol and a titanium dioxide precursor sol by a sol-gel method, adding the silicon dioxide precursor sol and the titanium dioxide precursor sol into a solvent to obtain composite slurry, coating the surface of a substrate with the composite slurry, and drying to obtain the ultrathin heat dissipation composite coating. The thickness of the ultra-thin heat dissipation composite coating is 50-100 nm, and the ultra-thin heat dissipation composite coating has super-hydrophilicity and super-lipophilicity, so that the contact area between a cooling working medium and the ultra-thin heat dissipation metal plate is increased, and the comprehensive heat dissipation capacity is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of membrane material preparation, and particularly discloses an oil-water separation membrane and a preparation method thereof.The oil-water separation membrane is characterized in that polyethyleneimine is grafted to zeolite powder under the action of a cross-linking agent epichlorohydrin, and a large number of amido groups on a polyethyleneimine chain can serve as effective chelating coordination sites of metal ions in subsequent steps; meanwhile, polyethyleneimine has excellent hydrophilic performance and is grafted on the zeolite powder, so that the hydrophilic performance of the zeolite powder is improved; then, three metal salts of magnesium, aluminum and cerium are compounded with urea on the surface of the PEI grafted zeolite through a hydrothermal reaction to generate a composite metal hydroxide structure, Mg and Al form a basic framework of a layered double-metal hydroxide structure, oxygen vacancy defects can be easily formed by doping Ce, and the defects can adsorb water molecules, so that a stable hydration layer is formed on the surface of the material, and the surface of the material is protected; the excellent super-hydrophilicity is shown.

The invention relates to the technical field of inorganic-organic composite coating materials, and discloses a composite nano super-hydrophilic coating based on template induction and a preparation method thereof.The composite nano super-hydrophilic coating comprises a coating body, and the coating body comprises, by mass, 25%-45% of propanesulfonic aminopropyl silane. According to the composite nano super-hydrophilic coating based on template induction and the preparation method thereof, compared with a traditional hydrophilic coating, the initial contact angle of the composite nano super-hydrophilic coating based on template induction is smaller than or equal to 3 degrees, instant spreading of water drops can be achieved, the super-hydrophilic requirement is met, and the composite nano super-hydrophilic coating based on template induction is prepared through the PVP template induction effect. Hydrophilic groups are directionally enriched on the surface of the coating to form a stable super-hydrophilic interface. Besides, the coating can still keep super-hydrophilicity in the long-time use process, after an ultraviolet aging test, the contact angle of the coating is still kept within 10 degrees and is far superior to that of a traditional silane coating, and the long-term stable super-hydrophilicity of the coating is proved.

The present application relates to a kind of environment-friendly water-based phenolic resin anticorrosive coating and its preparation process, belong to the field of coating technology.The coating is made of water-based phenolic resin emulsion, hyaluronic acid-lysine composition load nano SiO2-ZnO composite filler, synergistic anticorrosive filler, wetting dispersant, film forming aid, leveling thickener, defoaming agent and deionized water.The superhydrophilic of hyaluronic acid fundamentally solves the dispersion and storage stability problem of phenolic resin in aqueous phase, and the amino group of its lysine side chain can also chemically bond with resin during curing, significantly enhancing the adhesion, flexibility and interfacial bonding strength of coating.At the same time, nano SiO2, ZnO and synergistic anticorrosive filler construct a multiple synergistic anticorrosive network of physical shielding, sacrificial anode and chemical passivation, achieving long-term active protection.The whole system uses water as medium, selects bio-based raw materials and low VOC additives, and the environmental protection is outstanding.

The application discloses a preparation method and application of a novel LBL marine biomass hydrogel composite membrane. The preparation steps of the hydrogel composite membrane are as follows: adding chitosan quaternary ammonium salt into 0.1 M tris-hydrochloric acid solution to obtain chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution through heating and stirring; adding sodium alginate into tris-hydrochloric acid solution to obtain sodium alginate solution through heating and stirring; taking an ultrafiltration membrane as a base film, spreading the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution on the surface of the base film first, pouring away the excessive solution after standing, and then spreading the sodium alginate solution on the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt solution after heat treatment in an oven, pouring away the excessive solution after standing, and heat treating in the oven to obtain a self-assembled hydrogel composite membrane. The layer-by-layer self-assembled hydrogel composite membrane is obtained through repeating the above process for multiple times. The preparation method is simple, the material is green and environment-friendly, the obtained membrane surface has superhydrophilicity, obvious separation efficiency is shown in dye wastewater treatment, and strong anti-pollution performance is shown.

The invention discloses a light-induced self-cleaning high-flux high-adhesion oil-water separation membrane and a preparation method thereof, the method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a metal-polyphenol porous coordination polymer suspension, and drying to obtain a metal-polyphenol porous coordination polymer solid; s2, divalent metal nitrate polyhydrate, trivalent metal nitrate polyhydrate and PCP are mixed in water, alkali liquor is dropwise added to adjust the pH to be neutral, LDHs grow on the surface of a PCP solid in situ, and LDHs-PCP is obtained; s3, performing plasma treatment on the substrate filter membrane; and S4, dispersing LDHs-PCP in water, and carrying out suction filtration on the dispersion liquid onto the plasma modified substrate filter membrane to obtain the light-induced self-cleaning high-flux high-adhesion oil-water separation membrane. The oil-water separation membrane disclosed by the invention has high flux, super-hydrophilicity and underwater super-oleophobicity; the oil-water separator has high mechanical strength and illumination self-cleaning capability, and can stably operate for a long time in a high-strength oil-water separation process.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photothermal conversion materials, and discloses a VMT-CNTs / MOF photothermal conversion film and a preparation method and application thereof. The VMT-CNTs / MOF photothermal conversion thin film comprises a modified expanded vermiculite substrate, carbon nano tubes CNTs grow on the surface of the modified expanded vermiculite substrate in situ, and Cu-MOF is modified on the surfaces of the carbon nano tubes CNTs. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, by virtue of excellent photothermal conversion performance of the CTNs and the MOF and super-hydrophilicity of the VMT, the composite material shows strong evaporation performance and has an excellent water photovoltaic power generation function, and the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) grow on a vermiculite substrate in situ, so that the overall strength and stability of the film are improved.

The invention provides a tissue engineering heart valve stent with a sulfonated nano-enzyme coating as well as a preparation method and application of the tissue engineering heart valve stent, and belongs to the technical field of medical materials. The invention relates to a tissue engineering heart valve stent with a sulfonated nano-enzyme coating, which comprises an acellular matrix carrier, ruthenium / iridium-tannic acid nano-enzyme loaded on the acellular matrix carrier, and a sulfonated polymer coating fixed on the acellular matrix carrier and / or the surface of nano-particles through ultraviolet polymerization, the ruthenium / iridium-tannic acid nano-enzyme is formed by tannic acid TA, Ru < 3 + > and Ir < 3 + > through coordination. According to the invention, through double bionic activities of superoxide dismutase and nitric oxide synthase of ruthenium / iridium-tannic acid nano-enzyme and through the super-hydrophilicity and electrically neutral surface of the sulfonated polymer coating, collaborative regulation and control of O2-NO cascade catalysis and interface functions in a pathological microenvironment are realized; the structural and functional in-situ regeneration of the tissue engineering heart valve stent is promoted.

The invention discloses a coal gasification slag-based aerogel porous material and application thereof, and belongs to the field of compounds of non-metallic elements. The preparation method comprises the following steps: by taking regional bulk coal-based solid waste-coal gasification slag and a self-gelling natural polymer material as raw materials, pretreating the coal gasification slag to remove heavy metal ions, then preparing dispersion liquid from the coal gasification slag and a self-gelling natural polymer material solution, and carrying out first freeze drying to obtain a solidified material; then, soaking by using a cross-linking agent to form cross-linked aerogel, fully soaking the cross-linked aerogel by using a tert-butyl alcohol solution, and performing freeze drying for the second time to obtain the coal gasification slag-based aerogel porous material. The prepared composite aerogel has super-hydrophilicity, excellent water absorption and water retention properties and excellent photo-thermal conversion performance. Due to the characteristics, the composite aerogel can be used as a soil water-retaining agent or a soil conditioner; or is used as an interface evaporation material for treating high-salinity wastewater.

The invention discloses an aerogel-based evaporator with a double-network structure as well as a preparation method and application of the aerogel-based evaporator, and relates to the technical field of water treatment. According to the aerogel-based evaporator, sodium alginate and nanocellulose are used for constructing an interpenetrating dual-network as a framework, acidified carbon nanotubes are combined as a photo-thermal material, and the aerogel-based evaporator is prepared through a sol-gel method and a freeze-drying process. The double-network structure synergistically exerts the advantages of super hydrophilicity and high mechanical strength, and salt ion deposition and crystallization are effectively inhibited; the acidified carbon nanotubes guarantee efficient photo-thermal conversion, and the solar energy utilization rate is improved. The evaporator successfully solves the problems that traditional equipment is low in solar energy utilization rate, salt crystallization damages the evaporator and the like, has excellent mechanical stability, wide water body adaptability and light environment adaptability, and is environment-friendly in preparation process, easy to produce on a large scale and suitable for industrial production. And an efficient and stable novel technical scheme is provided for solar-driven water purification and seawater desalination.

The invention discloses a super-hydrophilic self-cleaning metal / alloy and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps that laser scanning is conducted on the surface of the metal / alloy, so that a micro-nano structure is formed on the surface of the metal / alloy, and the super-hydrophilic self-cleaning metal / alloy is obtained. According to the invention, a stable micro-nano structure is generated by adopting a simple process, so that the metal / alloy has super-hydrophilic self-cleaning performance; the prepared metal / alloy can be used for photovoltaic aluminum alloy frames and metal / alloy products; the device can be used for both the outer side and the inner side. The super-hydrophilicity can also improve the evaporation efficiency of the desalinated seawater. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is low in equipment requirement and low in cost, and has the advantage of large-scale production.

The invention discloses a corrosion-resistant polyion liquid coating and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, ionic liquid monomer 3-ethyl-1-vinyl imidazole bromine salt is adopted to prepare polyionic liquid (PIL) through a free radical polymerization method, then the polyionic liquid is coated on a Cu (at) Cu (OH) 2 filter material with a super-hydrophilic Cu (OH) 2 nanoneedle coated copper mesh, the polyionic liquid is used as a protective coating of Cu (OH) 2, and the Cu (at) Cu (OH) 2 filter material can be used for filtering and purifying the Cu (OH) 2 nano-needle coated Cu (at) Cu (OH) 2 nano-needle coated Cu (at) Cu (OH) 2 nano-needle coated copper mesh. The prepared Cu-coated Cu (OH) 2-PIL filter material not only has an oil-water separation capacity in a wastewater environment, but also has a certain capacity of separating organic solvents with different polarities, Cu-coated Cu (OH) 2 and Cu-coated Cu (OH) 2-PIL as well as Cu-coated Cu (OH) 2 and Cu-coated Cu (OH) 2-PIL soaked in acid, alkali and salt solutions are analyzed by adopting methods such as XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), XPS (X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) and the like, and a result shows that a copper hydroxide layer structure on the surface of Cu-coated Cu (OH) 2 soaked in NaOH and NaCl severely collapses; after the PIL coated Cu coated Cu (OH) 2-PIL is soaked in NaOH and NaCl, Cu (OH) 2 on the surface of the PIL coated Cu coated Cu (OH) 2-PIL completely reacts with the HCl and loses separation capacity, however, the PIL coated Cu coated Cu (OH) 2-PIL still retains a complete nano copper hydroxide layer after being soaked in NaOH and NaCl, and part of Cu (OH) 2 is retained after being soaked in the HCl.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a self-cleaning raw ceramic glaze with a micro-nanostructured rough surface. The glaze raw materials are composed of the following weight percentages: kaolin 5.47-6.69%, albite 24.95-28.74%, potassium feldspar 24.86-28.82%, quartz 1.17-8.97%, calcite 1.83-9.84%, talc 2.55-3.05%, colemanite 14.49-27.26%, and titanium dioxide 6.15-7.08%. The self-cleaning raw ceramic glaze is obtained by batching, homogenizing, ball milling, screening, and aging according to the glaze formula. The present invention uses inexpensive mineral raw materials and utilizes the principle of high-temperature phase separation to generate uniformly sized, closely spaced phase-separated droplets in the glaze to construct a micro-nanoscale rough surface, thereby achieving super-hydrophilic self-cleaning properties on the glaze's macroscopic surface. Therefore, the industrialization prospect is broad.

This invention relates to the field of self-cleaning coating materials, and discloses the preparation and application of a nanofiber-confined Fe single-atom self-cleaning coating material. The invention uses wood nanofibers as a carbon-based carrier to obtain nanofiber-confined Fe single-atom materials. The three-dimensional network structure generated during the acidic hydrolysis of methyl orthosilicate enhances the bonding between the nanofiber-confined Fe single-atom materials, nano-silica, and nano-titanium dioxide nanoparticles. After hydrolysis, a diluent is added, and the reaction proceeds to obtain the nanofiber-confined Fe single-atom self-cleaning coating material. This self-cleaning coating material has a simple process, high operability, excellent antistatic properties, superhydrophilicity, and photocatalytic activity. It exhibits excellent anti-fouling potential in self-cleaning coating material applications and has broad application prospects.

The invention belongs to the technical field of enhanced flow boiling heat exchange, and designs a non-uniform fractal micro-pit structure and super-hydrophilic composite surface, which comprises a super-hydrophilic channel, a micro-pit structure area, a micro-pit structure block and a micro-pit structure, the super-hydrophilic channel can be obtained by performing chemical oxidation on the surface of the copper base, and the micro-pit structure area, the micro-pit structure block and the micro-pit structure can be obtained through a nanosecond laser micromachining technology. According to the non-uniform fractal micro-pit structure and super-hydrophilic composite surface, the number of vaporization cores can be increased at the surface inlet section, disturbance of liquid can be enhanced, directional convergence of steam bubbles can be achieved at the surface middle section, formation of steam columns can be limited, spreading of local dry points can be limited at the surface outlet section, and steam bubble film forming can be delayed; therefore, the boiling heat exchange effect can be enhanced in different areas of the heating surface.

The present invention discloses a novel biomass-based solar water evaporator and its preparation method and application, which relates to the field of energy conversion technology. The solar water evaporator comprises a water transmission layer, a heat insulation layer and a photothermal conversion layer, wherein the water transmission layer is a porous network skeleton in the shape of a super-hydrophilic vertical array pipe, the heat insulation layer is a super-hydrophilic and high-thermal-resistance silica aerogel coating forming a stable interface on the water transmission layer, and the photothermal conversion material has good photothermal conversion ability and is coated on the heat insulation layer to form a photothermal interface. The raw materials of the present invention are widely available and low in cost. The preparation method is simple, convenient and easy to implement, and can be assembled into a water evaporator with a fast water evaporation rate and high energy efficiency, so it is conducive to large-scale production. The present invention can be used for interfacial solar evaporation, has the advantages of efficient production of clean water, long-term stability, good anti-fouling and salt resistance, and has broad application prospects.

A nano-inorganic composition according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes and is not limited to excellent mechanical characteristics such as surface hardness and wear characteristics, chemical stability such as water resistance, acid resistance, and alkali resistance, and excellent thermal stability, as the composition is comprised of inorganic materials. In addition, the nano-inorganic composition may be controlled to have super-hydrophilic, hydrophilic, or hydrophobic properties, depending on coating methods. The nano-inorganic composition also has excellent surface contamination resistance and easy-clean properties depending on the characteristics of the thin film coating. Also, the nano-inorganic composition has excellent optical properties such as light transmittance and light reflectance.