The invention discloses an oyster mushroom cultivation method. Oyster mushroom cultivation materials comprise, by mass, 47%-49% of cotton seed hulls, 19%-21% of Chinese silvergrass powder, 28%-32% of lotus seed hull powder, 0.8%-1.0% of calcium superphosphate, 0.9%-1.1% of gypsum powder and 0.1% of thiophanate methyl, wherein the mass fraction sum of all the components is 100%. When oyster mushrooms are cultivated, a mushroom shed is firstly set up, the raw materials are prepared and mixed, strain selecting, inoculating, mushroom shed disinfesting and sterilizing and spawn running are performed, and then mature oyster mushrooms can grow out. According to the oyster mushroom cultivation method, the idle land resources such as wasteland, waste mountains and forest open spaces around a house in countryside are reasonably utilized, waste utilization is achieved, pollution to the environment is reduced, the cultivation cost is low, and the method is extremely easy to apply and popularize in majority of peasant households, cooperatives and enterprises.