The invention discloses light alkyd resin for interior decoration and furniture coating, which is formed by the following raw materials: glycerol, palmitoleic acid, benzoic acid, hexanedioic acid, neopentyl glycol, phthalic anhydride, tetramethylolmethane and dimethylbenzene; the preparation method comprises the following steps: a. the palmitoleic acid, the benzoic acid, the hexanedioic acid, the glycerin, the neopentyl glycol, the phthalic anhydride, the tetramethylolmethane and the dimethylbenzene are thrown in a reactor one time, are heated and are stirred; b. carbon dioxide gas flows in the reactor to protect temperature rise, when the temperature is raised to 130-180 DEG C and kept for 1-3 hours, at the moment, the dimethylbenzene flows back, and then the temperature is raised to 200 plus/minus 5 DEG C at the temperature raising speed with 8-12 DEG C per hour, and then the temperature is kept for 4-8 hours; c. a sample is taken out in the step b for measuring viscosity, when the viscosity reaches desired value, the temperature is cooled to 130-180 DEG C, so as to obtain the modified alkyd resin; d. the alkyd resin in the step c is transferred to another reactor, and then 2.5-8.5 percent of dimethylbenzene is added, the mixture is mixed uniformly to obtain the water-white alkyd resin liquid.