26results about How to "Low leaching rate" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for recovering lithium and fluorine from electrolytic aluminum solid waste, which comprises the following steps: firstly mixing the electrolytic aluminum solid waste and an iron-containing acid solution for complexing leaching to obtain a lithium-containing leachate; mixing the lithium-containing leaching solution with a calcium-containing additive for precipitation reaction to obtain a fluorine-removed lithium-containing leaching solution and calcium fluoride; then the fluorine-removed lithium-containing leaching solution is subjected to pH adjustment through alkali liquor, and an iron-removed and aluminum-removed lithium-containing leaching solution is obtained; finally, adsorbing and separating the lithium-containing leaching solution with iron and aluminum removed to obtain a lithium-rich solution; according to the method, lithium and fluorine resources in the electrolytic aluminum solid waste are efficiently recycled, the leaching rate of Li < + > is preferably as high as 87.2% or above, the loss rate of lithium is preferably as low as 1.00% or below, the recovery rate of the fluorine element is preferably as high as 85.9% or above, generation of a large amount of HF gas is avoided, and the method is environmentally friendly and low in recovery cost.

The invention provides a laterite-nickel ore gradient continuous leaching method which comprises the following steps: laterite-nickel ore sequentially passes through a fusion leaching area, a stable leaching area and an adjustable leaching area to be continuously leached in the material conveying direction of the laterite-nickel ore; acid liquor is added into the fusion leaching area and the stability leaching area; the temperature of the fusion leaching area is T1 and the reaction time is t1, the temperature of the stable leaching area is T2 and the reaction time is t2, and the temperature of the adjustable leaching area is T3 and the reaction time is t3; wherein T < 2 > < gt >; t3 > = T1, and t2gt; t3gt; t3gt; t1. According to the method, the high-pressure acid leaching process is subjected to partition treatment, the one-time leaching efficiency is improved, scaling is slowed down, accordingly, scaling of a reaction kettle can be reduced while further leaching of Fe and Al is inhibited, acid liquor and waste residues can be fully utilized, efficient leaching of nickel, cobalt and manganese is achieved, and waste heat generated after slurry is discharged from an adjustable leaching area can be recycled.

The invention provides a flexible MOF (Metal Organic Framework) microfiltration membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of polymer composite membranes. In the flexible MOF microfiltration membrane provided by the invention, the polymer nanofiber membrane formed by the polymer nanofibers has a relatively large specific surface area, so that the flexible MOF microfiltration membrane has a relatively large contact area with pollutants; meanwhile, the defective MOF particles are uniformly distributed on the surface of the polymer nanofiber of the polymer nanofiber membrane, and the defective MOF nanoparticles provide abundant active sites, so that the adsorption capacity to pollutants can be improved. The result of the embodiment shows that compared with MOF particles, the flexible MOF microfiltration membrane provided by the invention has the advantages that the phosphate adsorption capacity is enhanced by about 50%, and the terephthalic acid leaching rate in the adsorption process is reduced from 12.0% to 0.3%.

The invention belongs to a carbon dioxide storage and goaf coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control technology, and particularly relates to a coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control system through coal ash mineralization CO2 and products and an application method of the coal spontaneous combustion prevention and control system. The system comprises a slurry preparation unit, a flue gas pretreatment unit, a mineralization reaction unit and a slurry filling unit; fly ash treatment, CO2 capture and mineralization and mine grouting fire prevention and extinguishing are combined, alkaline earth metal ions in fly ash are promoted to be leached through a pulping stirring tank, CO2 in reaction flue gas is mineralized through calcium and magnesium ions in slurry, CO2 dissolution is promoted through pressurization, an impeller is arranged in a reactor, gas spirally ascends in the ascending process, and the gas is recycled. According to the method, the coal ash slurry serves as a gas inlet, the stroke of the gas in the slurry is increased, the retention time is prolonged, gas, liquid and solid mixing is promoted, meanwhile, the additive is combined to improve the mineralization reaction efficiency, continuous CO2 mineralization of the large-flow coal ash slurry is finally achieved, a product is injected into an underground goaf to be used for preventing and controlling coal spontaneous combustion, and then the multiple effects of coal ash solid waste treatment, CO2 emission reduction and disaster prevention and control are achieved.

The invention discloses an in-situ leaching liquid injection system and method for high-altitude ionic rare earth ore, and belongs to the field of rare earth hydrometallurgy. The system is composed of a liquid injection well pattern, a layered liquid injection device, a first liquid supply system, a second liquid supply system and a collection system. Exploring the thickness of an ore body weathering crust and vertical distribution of rare earth / impurities; the liquid injection hole is vertically divided into an upper layer liquid injection area (1 / 3-1 / 2 of the upper part) and a lower layer liquid injection area (1 / 2-2 / 3 of the lower part); a 1.0-1.4 wt% low-concentration diethylenetriamine-ammonium acetate composite leaching agent is injected into the upper layer, and co-leaching of impurities such as aluminum and iron is reduced; 1.5-2.5 wt% of high-concentration diethylenetriamine-ammonium acetate composite leaching agent is injected into the lower layer to ensure efficient leaching of rare earth; and rare earth-rich leaching liquid is collected. Compared with a traditional full-layer high-concentration process, the method has the advantages that the use amount of a leaching agent is reduced by 20-40% while the rare earth leaching rate is kept to be larger than or equal to 90%, the aluminum ion concentration of the leachate is reduced by 30-60%, the agent cost and the follow-up impurity removal load are remarkably reduced, and the method is particularly suitable for the high-altitude, low-temperature, low-air-pressure and thick-weathered crust environment.

The invention provides a method for circularly and efficiently extracting vanadium in a waste SCR denitration catalyst, and belongs to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy and waste catalyst recycling. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, pretreating the waste SCR denitration catalyst to obtain waste SCR denitration catalyst powder; mixing the waste SCR denitration catalyst powder with an organic solvent, then carrying out a leaching reaction, and after the reaction is finished, cooling and separating to obtain a leaching solution; then the leachate is returned to a leaching reaction for circular treatment, and vanadium-rich liquid is obtained; and finally, the vanadium-rich liquid is subjected to a hydrothermal reaction, and VO2 is obtained. According to the method, the operation process and equipment are simple, and the utilization efficiency of oxalic acid in the waste SCR catalyst leaching process can be effectively improved; according to the technological process and the addition of oxalate, the selectivity of oxalic acid can be effectively improved, and good economic benefits are achieved.

The invention provides a treatment method and a treatment system for high-salinity wastewater, and aims to solve the problems of high treatment difficulty and high operation cost in the existing high-salinity wastewater treatment process. The treatment method comprises the following steps: 1) extracting hazardous waste samples containing high-salinity wastewater in batches, and carrying out a curing test and a leaching test in a laboratory; (2) according to a test result, the adding proportion of all components of the hazardous waste is determined, and the components are input into a blender to be subjected to curing treatment; 3) fully stirring and mixing the hazardous wastes by a mixer; 4) conveying the mixture to a curing area for curing; (5) detecting the leaching result of the solidified body after curing, transferring the qualified solidified body to a rigid landfill area for landfill, crushing the unqualified solidified body by a crusher, and continuously conveying the crushed solidified body to a blender for solidification treatment; the treatment system comprises a high-salinity wastewater metering device, a solid salt metering device, a fly ash metering device, a blender, a maintenance station and a rigid landfill. The invention solves the problems of high treatment difficulty and high operation cost of high-salinity wastewater, and achieves the purpose of treating waste with waste.

The invention provides a short-process valuable metal recovery method for a decommissioned ternary lithium battery, and relates to the technical field of recovery treatment of decommissioned lithium batteries, and the short-process valuable metal recovery method comprises the following steps: S1, disassembling and crushing the decommissioned ternary lithium battery, and directly pyrolyzing the decommissioned ternary lithium battery; s2, performing physical sorting on the pyrolyzed battery material to realize positive and negative electrode powder separation; s3, extracting lithium by adopting CO2 micro-nano bubble reinforced water leaching to obtain battery-grade lithium carbonate; s4, selective stepped leaching of manganese, nickel and cobalt is achieved; step S5, obtaining a nickel-cobalt-manganese mixed precipitate; and step S6, carrying out acid leaching on the nickel-cobalt-manganese mixed precipitate, removing impurities, and adjusting components to prepare the ternary precursor. The method has the advantages of short flow, low cost, low reagent dosage, low energy consumption, high valuable metal recovery rate and the like, and an effective solution can be provided for green recovery of the retired ternary lithium battery.

This invention discloses a method for preparing and applying a cobalt-doped two-dimensional carbon nitride nanosheet catalyst, belonging to the field of catalytic material preparation and water pollution treatment technology. The catalyst is based on graphitic carbon nitride, with cobalt ions loaded in its structural cavities via Co-N coordination bonds. The preparation method includes: mixing and grinding cobalt salt, urea, and melamine, followed by a first high-temperature calcination; sealing the product with tin foil and punching holes, followed by a second high-temperature calcination; and finally washing and drying to obtain the final product. This catalyst has an ultrathin two-dimensional sheet-like porous structure with a large specific surface area. It can activate potassium persulfate under visible light irradiation, efficiently degrading organic pollutants in wastewater through photo-Fenton-like synergistic catalysis. It exhibits high activity within the pH range of 3 to 7, demonstrates good catalyst stability and low metal leaching rate, and is suitable for treating wastewater containing various organic pollutants.

The invention discloses a cobalt vacancy regulation hollow multi-shell nickel-cobalt oxide catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing glucose, zinc salt, cobalt salt, nickel salt and water, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction, calcination and etching to obtain the cobalt vacancy regulation hollow multi-shell nickel-cobalt oxide catalyst. According to the preparation method, zinc salt, cobalt salt, nickel salt and glucose are taken as raw materials, metal nickel, cobalt and zinc are crosslinked on polysaccharide through hydrothermal reaction to form a net-shaped structure, carbon and metal zinc on the surface are removed through calcination and etching, and the stable cobalt vacancy regulation hollow multi-shell nickel-cobalt oxide catalyst with the hollow multi-shell structure is formed. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple process, safe raw materials, low cost, batch production and the like; the prepared cobalt vacancy regulation hollow multi-shell nickel cobalt oxide catalyst has the advantages of good catalytic activity, high degradation efficiency, good stability, strong anti-interference performance, low metal ion leaching rate and the like.

The invention relates to the technical field of neutralization slag solidification treatment, in particular to a solidification treatment method for reducing the arsenic leaching amount in arsenic-containing neutralization slag, which comprises the following steps: step 1, carrying out humidity pretreatment on the arsenic-containing neutralization slag to obtain wet-based neutralization slag; 2, calcium hydroxide is added into the wet base neutralization residues, and a mixture I is obtained; 3, ferrous sulfate is added into the mixture I, and a mixture II is obtained; step 4, adding a chelating agent into the mixture II to obtain a mixture III; and 5, adding cement into the mixture III, and curing to obtain an arsenic-containing neutralization slag cured product. According to the method, the arsenic leaching rate is reduced, and the lowest value of the arsenic leaching amount is 0.2307 mg / kg and is far lower than the highest limit value in the national standard; the curing treatment cost is low.

The invention provides a novel light partition wall batten with manganese slag as a raw material and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that S1, cement is used as a main raw material, micro mineral powder, manganese slag powder, heavy calcium carbonate powder, polyphenyl foam particles and additives are added, water is added, the materials are stirred and mixed to be uniform, and the additives comprise a water reducing agent, cellosilk and rubber powder; s2, performing casting molding on the uniformly mixed slurry through a mold; and S3, the formed green body is subjected to curing, demolding, curing and drying, and then the light partition wall batten is prepared. According to the lightweight partition wall batten prepared from the cement, the granulated blast furnace slag powder and the manganese slag powder according to a certain proportion, the fracture resistance and the compressive strength of the lightweight partition wall batten are higher than those of a partition wall batten prepared from the cement, the fly ash and the manganese slag powder; the environmental pressure caused by the solid waste can be relieved; and carbon emission reduction can be realized by means of source reduction, energy substitution and the like.

The utility model discloses a harmless treatment device for electrolytic manganese residues. The harmless treatment device comprises a reaction tank, a steam treater, a condenser, an ammonia water tank, a sucking pump and an acid water tank which are distributed and mounted on a support frame, the reaction tank is provided with a feeding part and a first stirring part, the bottom of the reaction tank is provided with a first discharging valve, and the first discharging valve is connected with the steam treatment tank through a material guiding part; the steam treatment tank is provided with a second stirring piece and a partition plate, the bottom is provided with a second discharging valve, the partition plate and the inner side face of the steam treatment tank form a closed steam interlayer, a plurality of through holes are distributed in the partition plate, and the steam pipe is provided with a steam valve and connected with the steam interlayer; the condenser is provided with an air inlet pipe, a guide pipe and an exhaust pipe, the guide pipe is connected with the ammonia water tank, and the exhaust pipe is connected with the acid water tank through an exhaust pump; two ends of the first conveying pipe are respectively connected with the reaction tank and the gas inlet pipe; two ends of the second conveying pipe are respectively connected with the steam treatment tank and the air inlet pipe; and the controller is electrically connected with the electric equipment.

The invention discloses a method for low-temperature acid-free leaching of lithium from clay-type lithium ore, and belongs to the technical field of hydrometallurgy of low-grade clay-type lithium ore. The invention uses ammonium persulfate as a roasting aid, and the ammonium persulfate reacts chemically with the minerals in the clay-type lithium ore, changes the composition and structure of the clay-type lithium ore, effectively reduces the roasting temperature and the leaching temperature, and realizes low-temperature acid-free leaching with a roasting temperature of 400-450°C and a leaching temperature of 45-75°C. The invention uses ammonium persulfate as a roasting aid and water as a leaching agent, and has the characteristics of low corrosiveness and safety. The roasting temperature of the invention is 400-450°C and the leaching temperature is 45-75°C, which has the advantage of low temperature and can effectively reduce energy consumption. The leaching rate of aluminum and silicon in the leaching solution of the invention is less than 20%, which effectively reduces the difficulty of subsequent lithium salt preparation and purification.

The invention relates to the field of catalytic materials, and discloses a preparation method of a silicon carbide-loaded carbon-coated cobalt composite material, which comprises the following steps: respectively dissolving cobalt salt and zinc salt in methanol, uniformly dispersing, mixing, adding dimethylimidazole and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and treating reaction liquid A at normal temperature to obtain powder I; fully grinding the powder I and alkali-etched silicon carbide powder together, adding into methanol, and treating the reaction liquid B at normal temperature to obtain powder II; and uniformly mixing the powder II with mixed molten salt of ZnCl2 and KCl according to a mass ratio of 1: 1, fully grinding, heating and calcining in a protective atmosphere, performing hydrochloric acid leaching treatment, and treating the reaction solution C to obtain the silicon carbide-loaded carbon-coated cobalt composite material. By adopting the technical scheme that the formation of a carbon coating structure is promoted through a fused salt calcination process in the preparation process, the technical effect that the cobalt metal leaching rate is greatly reduced while the catalytic efficiency is guaranteed is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, and particularly relates to a catalyst diffusion electrode and a preparation method and application thereof, the catalyst diffusion electrode comprises a diffusion material, a carbide pre-plating layer is sequentially deposited on the surface of the diffusion material, and a noble metal or an oxide catalyst thereof is deposited on the surface of the carbide pre-plating layer. Compared with a traditional catalyst coated electrode, the catalyst is loaded on the surface of the diffusion material through carbide, the bonding strength is higher, the leaching rate of precious metal elements is reduced, the loading amount of the needed precious metal elements is remarkably reduced when the same catalytic effect is achieved, and the manufacturing cost of the proton exchange membrane water electrolysis electrode material is reduced.

The invention discloses a method for selectively extracting lithium from clay type lithium ore through ferric sulfate roasting and water leaching, and belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing clay type lithium ore and ferric sulfate through fine grinding to obtain a mixture, and roasting the mixture to obtain roasted clinker; and adding water into the roasted clinker to carry out leaching reaction, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a lithium-containing leachate. When the method is used for leaching lithium, the leaching rate of lithium can reach 80% or above, the leaching rate of aluminum in the leachate is low, and selective leaching of lithium is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and particularly relates to a method for solidifying heavy metals by steam heat enhanced silicon-aluminum minerals. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing silicon-aluminum minerals with uranium-containing wastewater, adjusting the pH value, combining uranium ions with the silicon-aluminum minerals through ion exchange action and surface adsorption action, carrying out maintenance treatment on a precipitate obtained by a mixed reaction by using steam heat, and strengthening the solidification effect of the silicon-aluminum minerals on heavy metal uranium, uranium is combined with a polymer three-dimensional network of the silicon-aluminum minerals, and part of uranium enters a polymer structure by replacing the positions of silicon atoms or aluminum atoms in aluminosilicate and is gradually stabilized in a polymer of bentonite of the silicon-aluminum minerals, so that the stability of the silicon-aluminum minerals for solidifying heavy metals is improved, and the leaching rate of the heavy metals is reduced. Therefore, the method provided by the invention can strengthen the effect of solidifying the heavy metals by the silicon-aluminum minerals and reduce the leaching rate of the heavy metals, and has the advantages of simple process flow, easy control of reaction conditions, strong operability and important practical application prospect.

The invention discloses a method for degrading organic pollutants, and relates to the technical field of water pollution control engineering. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing and grinding cobalt slag and red mud, and roasting to obtain a composite material with cobalt and iron as main active components; mixing the roasted material with persulfate to obtain a mixture; dispersing the mixture into a to-be-treated water body containing organic pollutants for degradation to obtain a degraded water body; the Co3O4-coated Fe2O3 with excellent catalytic performance is obtained by adopting a roasting method, and the Co3O4-coated Fe2O3 not only can adsorb organic pollutants, but also can activate persulfate to degrade the organic pollutants, so that deep catalytic oxidation of the pollutants is realized, and meanwhile, the leaching rate of metal ions is low; the Co3O4-coated Fe2O3 disclosed by the invention is widely applicable to various pollutants, has the characteristic that the Co3O4-coated Fe2O3 is slightly influenced by pH values and other common ions in water, and is applicable to water pollution treatment in various environments, and the reacted material can be repeatedly utilized after being roasted.

According to the wet-process lithium extraction method of the lithium iron phosphate black powder material, the characteristic that distribution differences of all components of black powder in different particle sizes are large is utilized, the proportion of the black powder particles in different particle sizes is adjusted through a compounding technology, then the content of all the components in a system is regulated and controlled, the content of active substances is selectively increased, and therefore the leaching rate of main elements is increased. Specifically, the mass content of particles with the particle size smaller than 75 micrometers is adjusted to be larger than 25%, and meanwhile the mass content of particles with the particle size ranging from 75 micrometers to 300 micrometers is adjusted to be larger than 40%, so that the flotation efficiency is guaranteed, and the leaching efficiency is also guaranteed.

The present invention discloses a lanthanide-loaded molecular sieve composite nanofiber material and its preparation method and application, belonging to the technical field of composite materials, the present invention combines ZSM-5 molecular sieve with composite nanofiber material, and loads rare earth metal element lanthanum, and exerts the advantages of molecular sieve membrane high temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, good mechanical stability, non-flammability and long service life, uniform pore size, high specific surface area and adjustable chemical properties. The molecular sieve composite nanofiber material prepared by the present invention has a higher porosity, a unique three-dimensional network structure and a uniform distribution of molecular sieves, which can not only give play to the advantages of molecular sieves in the field of industrial applications, but also reflect the advantages of composite nanofiber materials in fixed bed reaction processes. There is a strong interaction force between the molecular sieve and the carrier, which solves the problem of particle leaching, and the molecular sieve is more evenly distributed at the same time, so its use efficiency and service life can be effectively improved.

This invention discloses a method for preparing a peak-supported carbon nanocatalyst by metal-directed carbonization, comprising: Step 1: preparing hierarchical organic microspheres; mixing at least one aldehyde compound with an aprotic solvent to obtain solution I, mixing at least one amino compound with a protic solvent to obtain solution II, and mixing solution I and solution II to perform a condensation reaction to obtain hierarchical organic microspheres; Step 2: loading metal ions; dispersing the hierarchical organic microspheres prepared in step 1 in a solution containing metal ions, and loading the metal ions onto the hierarchical organic microspheres to obtain a metal ion-organic microsphere composite; Step 3: carbonization; subjecting the metal ion-organic microsphere composite prepared in step 2 to carbonization treatment to obtain a peak-supported carbon nanocatalyst. The catalyst prepared by this invention has the characteristics of highly accessible active sites and structural stability, exhibiting excellent anti-poisoning performance and catalytic activity.

The invention discloses a sludge treatment method for stabilizing heavy metals in sludge by a hydrothermal combined stabilizer, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection. According to the method, the sludge is treated through the combination of the stabilizer and the hydrothermal reaction, the leaching rate and mobility of all the heavy metals in a solid-phase product are reduced, the concentration of all the heavy metals in a water phase is reduced, and an unexpected synergistic interaction technical effect is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of high radioactive waste treatment, and relates to a high-entropy ferrite rare earth based perovskite ceramic solidified body and a preparation method and application thereof.The general formula of the solidified body is A1 / n (FexBy) O3, n represents the number of element types of the A lattice site of the high-entropy A1 / n (FexBy) O3 ferrite rare earth based perovskite ceramic solidified body, n is an integer and is larger than or equal to 3 and smaller than or equal to 7, and the A element types include Bi, Sc, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Y, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu; m is at least three of transition metal elements including Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Al, Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta and Ce, x is equal to 0.01 to 1.00, and x is equal to 0 to 0.99. According to the method, a high-entropy strategy is introduced into the ferrite rare earth perovskite ceramic solidified body, the ceramic solidified body not only can solidify various key high-radionuclides, but also has excellent chemical stability, low leaching rate and low preparation temperature, and the disadvantage that ceramic solidified nuclides are high in selectivity and single is effectively avoided. Due to the excellent performance of the ceramic solidified body, the ceramic solidified body has great application potential in the field of solidification treatment of high-radioactivity nuclear waste of a spent fuel reprocessing plant.

This invention provides a method and application for the simultaneous stabilization of arsenic and cadmium. The method includes the following steps: S1, providing arsenic-cadmium solid waste containing arsenic and cadmium; S2, mixing the arsenic-cadmium solid waste and a composite reagent in an acidic solution to obtain a reaction solution; the composite reagent includes ferrous sulfate and ferrous sulfide, with a mass ratio of ferrous sulfate to ferrous sulfide of 0.5–3:1; S3, performing solid-liquid separation on the reaction solution to obtain a stabilized arsenic-cadmium residue. This invention can achieve simultaneous stabilization of arsenic and cadmium in solid waste, and the leaching toxicity of the stabilized residue sample meets relevant leaching toxicity standards.

The application discloses a kind of aluminum ash-based concrete and preparation method thereof, it is related to concrete technical field;The aluminum ash-based concrete of the application, raw material components include by weight fraction:182 mass parts cement, 100 mass parts mineral powder, 16~20 mass parts pretreated aluminum ash, 60 mass parts fly ash, 1050 mass parts coarse aggregate, 790 mass parts fine aggregate, 7~7.5 mass parts composite water reducing agent, 172.8 mass parts water;The raw material components of the composite water reducing agent include dimethyl phthalate-5-sodium sulfonate, zinc citrate, glycerol carbonate, alcohol chain extender, n-butyl titanate;The alcohol chain extender includes any one or more combinations of triethanolamine, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, hexanediol, heptanediol.