The invention relates to an automatic double-station screw assembly and disassembly mechanism. The mechanism is of a left-right symmetric structure, and comprises a hydraulic device, a piston rod, a machine frame, a station outer frame, a direct-current motor, a first bearing, a second bearing, a driving gear, a driven gear, a large-torque-proof device, a first shaft, a second shaft, a third bearing, a mechanics sensor, a screwdriver head and a third shaft. The automatic double-station screw assembly and disassembly mechanism is economical, durable, reliable, excellent in quality, low in price, simple in structure, easy to machine and manufacture, easy to operate, convenient to maintain, suitable for assembly and disassembly of various screws, high in drilling speed and efficiency, short in operation cycle and low in comprehensive cost.