The invention discloses an epitaxial barium strontium niobate thin film with a transparent conductive lithium nickel oxide bottom electrode and a preparation method thereof. On one side of the MgO substrate, an LNO thin film, a transparent conductive layer of LNO lithium nickelate, is epitaxially deposited, and then an SBN thin film is epitaxially prepared on the LNO thin film. The preparation steps are as follows: first, using lithium carbonate, nickel oxide, niobium oxide, strontium carbonate, and barium carbonate as raw materials, the lithium nickelate target and the strontium barium niobate target are prepared respectively by solid-state sintering; secondly, the (001) MgO After the substrate is cleaned, put it into the reaction chamber. The reaction chamber is evacuated, and the substrate is heated. Oxygen is used as a protective gas to introduce into the reaction chamber. barium film. The preparation method of the invention is simple, and the obtained barium strontium niobate thin film grows epitaxially in the (001) direction, the thin film has good epitaxy, high quality, large electro-optical coefficient (r33 can reach 180-230pm / V), and has good application prospect.