425 results about "Ionic bonding" patented technology

The present invention discloses a method of grafting a polymer on the surface of the inorganic materials. The polyethylene oxide or polyethylene glycol which contains amino or hydroxyl at the chain-end by a covalent bond or an ionic bond, or a compound containing glucose units is firstly fixed at the surface of the inorganic materials, so as to have a reductive organic chemical group on the surface; then a high cerium salt and a polymerizable monomer are added, the present invention makes use of the high cerium salt and the reductive organic group on the surface of the inorganic materials to constitute an oxidation-reduction initiation system, so as to initiate the monomer polymerization under the acidic condition, further to graft the polymer on the surface of the inorganic materials. The method of the present invention can graft the polymer on the surface of the inorganic materials easily, which has the advantages of simple reaction process, mild reaction condition and high grafting rate, so the present invention is particularly applicable for the grafting of a water-soluble polymer or a polymer hydrogel thin layer on the surface of the inorganic materials.

Device, kit and method of using same to detect analytes such as nucleic acids are described. An excitation source, preferably a nitride-based LED, emits light capable of being absorbed by luminophores. Sensors are stably attached, preferably via covalent or ionic bonds, to a surface within the device, such as the surface of the excitation source that is exposed to the sample. When a complex is formed between the sensors and the analyte, the luminophores emit light or emit light of a different wavelength, thereby signaling the presence or quantity of the analyte.

A method is provided for preparing an adhesive composition that contains both a hydrophobic phase and a hydrophilic phase, wherein the hydrophobic phase is composed of a crosslinked hydrophobic polymer composition and the hydrophilic phase is a water-absorbent blend of a hydrophilic polymer and a complementary oligomer capable of crosslinking the hydrophilic polymer through hydrogen bonding, ionic bonding, and/or covalent bonding. The composition is useful as a bioadhesive, for affixing drug delivery systems, wound dressings, bandages, cushions, or the like to a body surface such as skin or mucosal tissue.

A process for preparing a completely delaminated graphene oxide/rubber nanocomposite. The process combines emulsion compounding with flocculation or spray drying, retains the morphology of graphene oxide/rubber composite in a liquid state, and achieves highly dispersed and highly delaminated morphology dispersed on nano scale. Furthermore, a substance able to produce ionic bonding or chemical bonding with the surface functional groups of graphene oxide is added to graphene oxide/hydrosol, as a surfactant, thus the interfacial bonding between graphene oxide and the rubber is increased. The composite is subjected to subsequent compounding and vulcanization to prepare a vulcanizate with dynamic performance, such as a high tensile strength, stress at a definite elongation, tearing strength, etc.

The invention provides a method for isolating and purifying nucleic acids, which comprises: (1) passing a sample solution containing a nucleic acid through a nucleic acid adsorbing porous membrane to adsorb the nucleic acid to the nucleic acid adsorbing porous membrane; (2) passing a washing solution through the nucleic acid adsorbing porous membrane to wash the nucleic acid adsorbing porous membrane while adsorbing the nucleic acid; and (3) passing an elution solution through the nucleic acid adsorbing porous membrane to desorb the nucleic acid from the nucleic acid adsorbing porous membrane, wherein the nucleic acid adsorbing porous membrane is a porous membrane capable of adsorbing the nucleic acid by interaction involving substantially no ionic bond, and a step of drying the nucleic acid adsorbing porous membrane adsorbing the nucleic acid is not included between the washing step (2) and the recovering step (3).

Cyclodextrins and other ecapsulating oligosaccharides can be bound to fibrous and/or polysaccharidic carriers by ionic bonds. The ionic bonds can be produced by introducing cationic or anionic groups into the cyclodextrins, and where appropriate, by introducing oppositely charged groups in the carrier material. The products can be used for odor control in the fibrous material.

The invention discloses an insulating refractory material of polymerized silicon and aluminum and the preparation method, applied in construction and industrial facilities, which is characterized in that: excitation, gas evolution and polymerization are carried out for industrial wastes abundant in aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, and the complex of the silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, so as to obtain a three-dimensional aluminum silicate minerals with an internal structure made of a plurality of phases from amorphous to semi-crystalline inside, and an internal form in silica tetrahedron and alumina tetrahedron; a plurality of molecules are linked mainly through ionic or covalent bonds, the mechanical properties of the inorganic concretion are externally presented. The raw materials are composed of silicon and aluminum materials as kaolin, fly ashes, coal gangue, cinder, and red mud; without adding any gelled materials, a high temperature and corrosion resistant porous long-chain structure is formed with an intensity over 0.8MPa and a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.087 (kilocalorie/ meter x hour x centigrade). The insulating refractory material is applied not only for the heat insulation wallboards in the building but also for the heat insulation and preservation of the industrial thermal pipelines and facilities.

Disclosed herein is a method and related device for improving energy performance and substantially preventing degradation of a chemical-to-electrical energy conversion process of an energy storage device (10), comprising the steps of: mechanically exciting chemical reaction products within the energy storage device (10) at energy levels proximate which covalent bonds with a matrix (51) of the energy storage device (10) would form absent excitation, thereby substantially maintaining ionic bonding between the chemical reaction products and the matrix (51) and substantially preventing the chemical reaction products from covalently bonding with the matrix (51); and introducing the mechanical excitations into the energy storage device (10) via an active material (31) mechanically-responsive to electromagnetic signals, in response to an electromagnetic signal.

This invention especially relates to the synthesis of reversible semi-interpenetrating pH sensitive hydrogel by template copolymerization. For the synthesis, a pH sensitive ionic monomer is elected and an opposite-charged polymer is adopted as template. The two are copolymerized to obtain a gel product, where there exist not only covalent bond cross-links but also ionic bond cross-links by electrostatic bonding interaction so that both the gel strength and the pH sensitivity are enhanced. As there are pH sensitive ionic monomer units is the copolymer, ionic density varies with pH value of the solution; when the ionic density reaches a certain value, the gel begins to swell. And thanks to the existence of opposite charged ionic template polymer in the gel, the threshold of pH sensitivity can be adjusted.

The disclosure discloses a polymer represented by the general formula,

wherein R_p is a residue of a polymer of a compound having a polymerizable unsaturated bond, Q is an organic residue of n+1 valences and connected directly or through another group to R_p by means of a single bond, M^k+ is a cation of k valence, Z is an organic function group capable of forming an ionic bond with cation M^k+ or an organic function group having a coordination capability with M^k+, and m, n and k are integers of one or more. The disclosure also discloses an intermediate of the polymer mentioned above.

The invention discloses a dyeing method of an aromatic polyamide fiber, belonging to the technical field of fiber dyeing. The dyeing method of the aromatic polyamide fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps: carrying out pre-treatment on the aromatic polyamide fiber by using sodium hydroxide to hydrolyze the tail end anhydride of the molecule of the aromatic polyamide fiber into a carboxyl group; and increasing dyeing seats and dyeing the pre-treated aromatic polyamide fiber with a cationic dye. According to the dyeing method of the aromatic polyamide fiber, disclosed by the invention, the aromatic polyamide fiber is pre-treated with sodium hydroxide which serves as an alkaline agent so that the dyeing seats for dyeing fibers are increased on the cationic dye, so that cations on dye molecules can be in ionic bond combination with the carboxyl group generated by hydrolyzing the tail end anhydride of the fiber molecule, so that the deep dyeing and the color fastness are improved.

The invention discloses a method for preparing graphene by using waste graphite electrodes. According to the method, the waste graphite electrodes in a process of fusing electrolytic metal by additionof ionic bond metal salt are used as raw materials, graphite which is intercalated by metal is stripped from the surface layers of the waste graphite electrodes, the part of graphite is intercalatedat high temperature in a fused salt electrolysis process, then liquid-phase stripping strengthening and elaborate-stage centrifugal classification are carried out, and finally, the graphene is finallyprepared by separation, purification and drying. The prepared graphene has few layers, and is large in specific surface area and low in energy consumption, waste materials are changed into things ofvalue, and the economic value and the social value are high.

Provided is a water filtering device for a humidifier capable of increasing the filling amount of an ion exchange resin by including a separate inner cylinder having upper and lower diameters that are different from each other, increasing adsorption and removal efficiency of mineral components contained in water by taking a long ionic bonding time between the water and the ion exchange resin, and effectively preventing scales of the mineral components from being extracted by heating a heater to prevent malfunction of the heater or pipes.

The invention discloses a surface modification method of a polypropylene non-woven fabric. The surface modification method is an ultraviolet radiation-diazonium salt electrostatic self-assembly two-step method polypropylene non-woven fabric surface modification method which comprises the following steps: performing grafting polymerization on the surface of a PP non-woven fabric by using crylic acid under ultraviolet radiation or oxidation on the surface of the PP non-woven fabric by using ammonium persulfate ultraviolet radiation, thereby respectively obtaining surface containing carboxyl or sulfate anion; soaking the PP non-woven fabric surface modified material with the anion into a p-phenylenediamine diazonium salt solution for electrostatic self-assembly, and performing ultraviolet radiation treatment so as to convert ionic bonds of the electrostatic self-assembly product into covalent bonds, thereby obtaining a PP non-woven fabric surface modified material. By adopting the method, high-efficiency introduction of two polar groups on the surface of the PP non-woven fabric can be achieved, the water absorption rate of the PP non-woven fabric is increased, and the water contact angle of the PP non-woven fabric is reduced; due to introduction of aromatic amine, multiple chemical ways are developed for the PP non-woven fabric to couple and fix other functional molecules later, so that the PP non-woven fabric surface modified material can be used as a universal carrier material with active chemical property.

The invention discloses a soluble polyelectrolyte compound and a method for flame-retardant finishing of protein fiber, and belongs to the technical field of textile function finishing. A soluble polyelectrolyte compound flame-retardant system is prepared from phytic acid and chitosan under strong acidic conditions, and after being treated by a buffer solution, the phytic acid and the chitosan canbe combined with the surface of the protein fiber by ion bonds, and are attached to the surface of the protein fiber. The phytic acid and chitosan flame retardant components in the preparation methodare natural products, the raw materials are sufficient in source, and the prepared polyelectrolyte compound belongs to an environment-friendly flame-retardant system. The method is simple in process,short in flow and low in economic cost, and the prepared flame-retardant protein fiber is excellent in flame retardancy, is good in washing resistance and has a wide application prospect.

The invention concerns a composite support comprising a base support for the treatment of a biological fluid, in which: “the base support is essentially-constituted by a first polymer carrying anionic or anionizable groups;” at least a part of the surface of the base support is coated with a second polymer ionically bonded to the first polymer, the second polymer carrying the cationic or cationizable groups which are capable of forming an ionic bond with the anionic or anionizable groups of the first polymer; in which the second polymer is in the colloidal form and in mixture with a polyacid during application to the support, allowing the composite membrane to adsorb at least one entity containing anionic or anionizable groups by bonding with cationic or cationizable groups of the second polymer.

The invention discloses a modified biological filtering pool filler and relates to a modified filler applied to an aerated biological filtering pool and a method for processing the same. An inorganic filler ceramic particle, lava or porous ceramic, which is used as a carrier, is subjected to pickling, alkali cleaning, drying, sterilization and other processing procedures and is dipped in a dilute aqueous solution containing cationic polyacrylamide (Polyacrylamide, abbreviated as PAM) so that the inner surface of the filler is modified to obtain an inorganic carrier of which the surface of an inner hole is formed with a polymer molecular body with positive charge; and the inorganic carrier is domesticated to generate the immobilized microorganism filler. Through double functions of physical adsorption and ionic bond combination, the filler improves physicochemical performance and washing resistance performance of the immobilized microorganism for inorganic carrier, is favorable for improving loading amount of microorganism and domestication and proliferation of the microorganism, saves the cubage of a reactor, shortens reaction time, improves efficiency biological denitrification and saves investment.

The invention discloses a supermolecular flame retardant based on ionic bonds and a preparation method thereof. An inner layer of the flame retardant is supermolecules B-A formed through ionic bond assembling of anions and cations, a shell layer is a dense or crosslinked-structural protection layer formed through ionic bonds or chemical bonds, and the inner layer and the outer layer are connected through ionic bonds or chemical bonds. The method comprises that a cationic raw material solution is dropwise added to an anionic raw material solution, a reaction is carried out for 1-5 h, and then surface treatment is carried out by a monofunctional modification method or a chemical crosslinking method. Through the way of ionic assembly, a three-dimensional structure is formed, and the stability of the flame retardant is enhanced to a certain extent; and a layer of stable protection layer is formed through the chemical method, so heat resistance and water resistance of the flame retardant can be effectively improved, the flame retardant can have good compatibility with a matrix and can be applied in plastics, rubber, adhesives, paints and other fields.

A resin composition of the present invention comprises a polymer having functional groups and a metal oxide surface modified to form functional groups at a surface of the metal oxide and dispersed uniformly in the polymer. The functional groups of the polymer and the functional groups of the metal oxide are ionically bondable to the metal oxide and the polymer, respectively, so that the polymer and the metal oxide are bonded by ionic bonds to each other.

This invention relates to complexes of ultraviolet absorbers with quaternary ammonium compounds which are substantially free from unwanted salts. Such complexes are formed through ionic bonds formed between the two compounds. The inventive complexes are then removed of substantially all excess inorganic salt so as to obtain an UV absorber compound which exhibits improved light- and washfastness properties, which easily coats subject surfaces, which provides excellent non-fogging and non-cracking characteristics, and which also possesses anti-static, anti-microbial, and anti-abrasion properties. This invention also concerns methods of making and utilizing such inventive ultraviolet absorbing complexes.