44 results about "Iron catalyzed" patented technology

This invention belongs to the field of organic synthesis, specifically relating to an iron-catalyzed method for the disilylation of unactivated gem-difluoroallene compounds. This invention uses gem-difluoroallene compounds as reaction substrates, triethylsilyloborate as a silicon source, and an iron salt as a catalyst. In the presence of a base, ligands, and an organic solvent, the disilylation of activated gem-difluoroallene compounds is catalyzed. This invention achieves selective disilylation of activated gem-difluoroallene compounds via iron catalysis, and is simple, safe, reliable, and broad-spectrum.

The invention relates to the field of compound preparation, and discloses a method for preparing carboxylic acid aryl ester through in-situ oxyarylation of aryl halide and carboxylic acid under the catalysis of light-induced iron, which comprises the following steps: by taking aryl halide and carboxylate as raw materials, iron metal salt as a catalyst and nonmetal Lewis acid as an additive, carrying out light illumination in an inert gas atmosphere, and carrying out in-situ oxyarylation on aryl halide and carboxylic acid to obtain the carboxylic acid aryl ester. And reacting in an organic solvent according to a reaction formula to obtain the carboxylic acid aryl ester compound as shown in the formula III. According to the method, the problem of high bond energy of a C-F bond in aryl fluoride is overcome by innovatively utilizing a system formed by photo-activated iron catalysis-nonmetal Lewis acid, efficient coupling of fluorobenzene and aryl halide containing electron donating / withdrawing substituents and inorganic carboxylate is realized, the range of aryl halide substrates is widened, reaction conditions are mild, strong acid and strong base are not needed, and the method is suitable for industrial production. And precious metal is replaced by a cheap iron catalyst. The invention provides an efficient and environment-friendly new way for green synthesis of the ester-based aromatic compounds, and has a remarkable industrial application prospect.

The invention discloses an efficient degradation method for complex multi-component organic matters in a beneficiation wastewater solution system, and belongs to the technical field of beneficiation wastewater degradation. The method comprises the following steps: firstly adding a ferrous silicate catalytic material into the beneficiation wastewater, then slowly adding a hydrogen peroxide solution, carrying out an oxidation reaction under the stirring action, after the oxidation reaction is completed, adjusting the pH value of the beneficiation wastewater to be alkaline, and adding a settling agent for settling; according to the method, high-efficiency degradation of complex multi-component organic matters in the beneficiation wastewater can be realized in a pH range of 3-7 by using a special ferrous silicate catalytic material, the shackle that catalytic degradation can only be realized under an acidic condition by a traditional liquid-phase Fenton method is broken through, and the method is higher in degradation efficiency, simple, green and low in cost and meets industrial production.

This invention is directed to iron-based complexes, and uses thereof for catalytic olefin metathesis reaction, including ring opening metathesis polymerization of olefins.

The invention relates to an iron-containing catalytic material for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx in exhaust gases from internal combustion engines. The catalytic material comprises a zeolitic material comprising SiO2 and X2O3 in its framework structure, where X is a trivalent element, such as aluminum, where the zeolitic material has an FER-type framework structure, where the deconvolved 29Si MAS NMR of the zeolitic material comprises a specific first peak (P1) corresponding to the Q4 (1Al) site and having a maximum in the range of-103.5 ppm to-108.5 ppm, and has a certain minimum integral with respect to three other peaks in the range of-90.0 ppm to-130.0 ppm. The catalytic material also comprises Fe supported on the zeolitic material. The invention further relates to a method for producing a catalytic material, to an exhaust gas treatment system comprising a catalytic material according to the invention, to the use of the exhaust gas treatment system and to a method for treating exhaust gases comprising said catalytic material.

The invention discloses a synthesis method of limidoterol, and belongs to the technical field of medicine synthesis. The method comprises the following steps: coupling cyclobutanone oxime and a caffeic acid derivative under the catalysis of ferrous acetylacetonate, a chlorobenzene solvent and the protection of nitrogen to obtain a decarboxylated cyanogen alkylation intermediate; oxidizing the intermediate with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid in dichloromethane in the presence of sodium carbonate to obtain a vicinal diol monoester intermediate; catalyzing by cobalt chloride in methanol, reducing by sodium borohydride, and protecting by Boc2O to obtain a cyclized precursor; cyclizing the precursor in tetrahydrofuran by using sodium hydride to obtain a cyclized intermediate; and performing deprotection to obtain the limiterol. According to the method, dangerous reagents and processes are not used, the safety is high, and no heavy metal residues exist; the cost is low, precious metals are not needed, the post-treatment operation is simple and convenient, a complex purification process is not needed, and the total yield reaches 21%; process conditions are mild, normal pressure and conventional heating modes are adopted, and industrial production is easy to realize.

Methods for asymmetric cis-dihydroxylation ("AD") of quinones to produce cis-diols of quinones with high yield (i.e. a yield ≥ 30%) and high enantioselectivity (i.e. an enantiometric excess ≥ 30%) are disclosed. The method uses an iron-based catalyst, such as one or more Fe(II) complexes, as the catalyst, and can be performed under mild reaction conditions (e.g. a temperature ≤ 50°C at 1 atom in open air). The method generally includes: (i) maintaining a reaction mixture at a temperature for a period of time sufficient to form a product, where the reaction mixture contains a quinone, one or more iron-based catalyst (s), and a solvent, and where the product contains a chiral cis-diol. Optionally, the method also includes adding an oxidant into the reaction mixture prior to and / or during step (i), such as a hydrogen peroxide solution.

The invention provides a method for synthesizing an aryl phosphine ligand by catalyzing fluoroaromatic hydrocarbon with iron, and provides a simple, convenient and green method for synthesizing an organic phosphine ligand. Specifically, in the presence of a Fe catalyst, a coupling reaction reagent and alkali, a fluorine aromatic hydrocarbon type compound B and a diphenyl phosphine oxide type compound D are subjected to a coupling reaction in an organic solvent to prepare an aryl phosphine ligand compound C, and A is a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom; when A is a carbon atom, R is a 5-6 substitutable or non-substitutable heterocyclic ring, phenyl, C1-C4 alkyl or CF3; when R is phenyl, R is ortho-substituent; when A is a nitrogen atom, R is hydrogen, and R is not connected with A.

The invention discloses Fenton composite iron sludge reduction equipment for replacing traditional ferrous iron, and relates to the technical field of sewage treatment in environmental protection, the Fenton composite iron sludge reduction equipment comprises a Fenton composite iron catalytic reaction tank, a load type composite iron catalytic bed layer, a mechanical seal stirring assembly and the like, sewage uniformly enters the tank through a guiding and conveying pipe and a water flow state distribution box; the catalyst bed layer is a core, the carrier purification tank comprises a composite iron-loaded ceramsite filler layer and other layered structures, the height of the carrier purification tank is adjustable under the driving of a synchronous motor, two groups of stirring assemblies are symmetrically arranged, hollow stand columns are connected with stirring paddles, and an aeration diffusion mechanism aerates from paddle exhaust holes through the hollow stand columns, so that stirring and aeration collaboration is realized; the chemical agent adding system accurately measures, atomizes and adds water, the treated water is doubly filtered by the quartz sand filter layer and the filter cover and is discharged by the water suction pump, the equipment reduces sludge from the source, and the reaction efficiency is improved.

This invention discloses a phosphorus / fluorine co-doped single-atom iron-supported porous carbon composite material, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of new energy technology. Utilizing the interaction between iron ions, fluorine-containing organic compounds, and organophosphoric acid, as well as the three-dimensional network porous structure of zeolite imidazole-8, the phosphorus / fluorine co-doped single-atom iron-supported porous carbon composite material is obtained through pyrolysis. This invention employs the aforementioned phosphorus / fluorine co-doped single-atom iron-supported porous carbon composite material, its preparation method, and its application. By adjusting the electronic structure of the catalyst's active sites through phosphorus / fluorine co-doping, the catalytic activity of single-atom iron is improved. Through the coordination between the porous carbon substrate and the single atom, the physical adsorption of porous carbon, the chemical adsorption of single-atom iron, and the highly efficient catalytic effect are synergistically utilized, greatly mitigating polysulfide shuttle, improving electrode conversion reaction kinetics, and realizing high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries.

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical pharmacy and fine chemical engineering preparation. In particular to a method for synthesizing a 3-amino-3-cyano indole-2-ketone compound under the catalysis of iron. According to the method, a 3-diazoindole-2-ketone compound and an arylamine compound are taken as raw materials, trimethylsilyl cyanide is taken as a cyanation reagent, and a series of various substituted 3-amino-3-cyano indole-2-ketone compounds are synthesized under the action of an iron catalyst. According to the method, a complex of cheap metal iron is used as a catalyst, the reaction condition is mild, the substrate application range is wide, a novel method with high practicability is provided for synthesis of the 3-amino-3-cyanoindole-2-ketone compound, and the method has wide application in the technical fields of chemical pharmacy and fine chemical engineering preparation.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental treatment, and particularly relates to a sludge treatment method, a Fe-C catalyst and application of the Fe-C catalyst. The sludge treatment method provided by the invention comprises the following steps: mixing sludge and an iron-containing catalytic promoter, and carrying out hydrothermal carbonization to obtain an Fe-C catalyst; the temperature of the hydrothermal carbonization is 160 to 180 DEG C. According to the method, the iron-containing catalytic promoter is added into a sludge hydrothermal carbonization reaction system, iron elements (iron elements in the iron-containing catalytic promoter and iron elements in sludge) can be complexed or coordinated with hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino in organic molecules (organic pollutants in the sludge), bond energy of C-O, C-N and C-C bonds is weakened, and the catalytic activity of the sludge is improved. Therefore, macromolecular organic matters can be promoted to be subjected to hydrolysis, cracking and rearrangement reaction at a relatively low temperature of 160-180 DEG C, and the hydrothermal carbonization reaction temperature is remarkably reduced, so that the sludge treatment cost is reduced.

The present invention relates to a method for the iron-catalyzed decarboxylation / cyanoalkylation of cinnamic acid with a cyclic ketoxime. The method comprises the following steps: using a cinnamic acid compound and a cyclic ketoxime compound as raw materials, using an iron salt as a catalyst, and reacting them in a solvent at 90-150°C for 10-20 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere to prepare a remote cyanoalkyl olefin. The present invention provides a simple and effective iron-catalyzed decarboxylation / cyanoalkylation reaction of cinnamic acid for the production of remote cyanoalkyl olefins using cyclic ketoxime as a free radical precursor. Compared to the prior art, the present invention does not require an additional reducing agent and exhibits excellent radical tolerance. The reaction is applicable to a variety of cyclic ketoxime and cinnamic acid compounds, providing the corresponding products under mild, redox-neutral conditions.

The application discloses a treatment, preparation and application method of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria embedding particles, and the embedding particle structure sequentially comprises a sulfur-iron catalytic layer of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, a biochar layer and an adsorption layer from inside to outside. The sulfur-iron catalytic layer comprises anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacterial strains and sulfur-iron powder; the biochar layer comprises volcanic stones and biochar; and the adsorption layer comprises sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol and modified bentonite, which are uniformly mixed in a mass ratio of 0.5-2.3:4-9:3-5, and the adsorption layer gel is formed in a constant-temperature water bath at 80-90 DEG C. The embedding particle has a three-layer structure, the adsorption layer gel exchanges ions or organic molecules with the external environment, provides nitrogen oxides for the sulfur-iron catalytic layer, avoids the stress effect of oxygen on the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, and maintains a stable internal environment of the embedding particle.

The present disclosure relates to iron (Fe) catalysts and their use in surface polymer formations.

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical pharmacy and fine chemical preparation. In particular to a method for synthesizing alpha, beta-diamino acid derivatives by iron catalysis, which comprises the following steps of: synthesizing a series of various substituted alpha, beta-diamino acid derivatives by taking various substituted 3-diazoindole-2-ketone, arylamine and oxazolone as raw materials under the catalysis of an iron complex; the problems of dependence on strong acidic conditions and substrate limitation caused by the dependence in the prior art are solved. The reaction is high in yield, mild in condition, wide in substrate application range and simple and convenient to operate. A novel method which is simple, efficient, green and environment-friendly is provided for synthesis of the compounds, and the method can be widely applied to the technical fields of chemical pharmacy and fine chemical engineering preparation.

The present application relates to a kind of methods for calculating the reaction energy of iron-catalyzed o-alkynyl benzoyl diazoacetate metathesis to generate indeno [1,2-c] furan, comprising the following steps: selecting target reaction, designing reaction mechanism cycle diagram;According to the reaction mechanism cycle diagram, the molecular structure model of the intermediate, transition state involved in the reaction process is built;The multiple spin state geometry of each intermediate, transition state under gas phase condition is optimized, and the molecular geometry, electronic energy and gibbs free energy correction value are obtained;Based on the geometry obtained under gas phase condition, single-point energy calculation is carried out in solvent condition, and single-point energy is obtained;The gibbs free energy correction value obtained in step S3 is combined with the single-point energy obtained in step S4, to calculate the gibbs free energy of each intermediate and transition state under solvent condition, and then the energy barrier of each step of reaction and the rate-determining step of reaction are obtained.The method has theoretical reference value for experiment, and can reduce the manpower and material resources required by traditional experiment.

The invention discloses a terpyridyl ferrous catalyst derived from terthiophenes and application of the terpyridyl ferrous catalyst in photocatalysis of CO2. The catalyst has a structure as shown in a formula I. According to the catalyst, a light capture unit terthiophene is integrated to a terpyridyl ferrous catalytic center through molecular design to form an integrated structure with a self-sensitization function, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: condensing 2, 2 ': 5', 2 ''-trithiophene-5-formaldehyde and 2-acetylpyridine under an alkaline condition to obtain a ligand; and coordinating with ferrous chloride to obtain the target catalyst. According to the present invention, in the photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction, the efficient catalysis can be achieved without the addition of the noble metal photosensitizer, the CO conversion number is up to 642, the selectivity exceeds 98%, and the low-cost and high-activity new scheme is provided for solving the dependence on the noble metal in the prior art.

The utility model discloses a composite catalyst filter tube for denitration and catalytic removal of VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) in a wide temperature range, which comprises a ferromanganese catalyst layer, a vanadium-titanium catalyst layer and a noble metal catalytic oxidation layer which are sequentially arranged along a waste gas transmission direction, and the ferromanganese catalyst layer can perform denitration treatment on waste gas within a temperature range of 100-300 DEG C; the vanadium-titanium catalyst layer can play a denitration role in an environment of 250-500 DEG C; the precious metal catalytic oxidation layer can assist the denitration reaction of the medium-high temperature section and can also catalyze and remove VOCs in the waste gas. The filter tube can be used for efficiently denitrating waste gas within the range of 100-500 DEG C, and can also be used for catalytically removing VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) at the same time.

This invention relates to the field of advanced oxidation water treatment technology, specifically to the application of nano-zero-valent iron catalyzing ozone for the pretreatment of highly difficult wastewater. This invention involves in-situ preparation of carbon-coated nano-zero-valent iron via plasma-liquid phase discharge, followed by direct introduction of the carbon-coated nano-zero-valent iron mixture into the highly difficult wastewater, and then catalytic ozone generation for pretreatment. This invention solves the problems of easy agglomeration, easy oxidation, and difficult storage of nano-zero-valent iron. The degradation efficiency of carbon-coated nano-zero-valent iron is higher than that of ordinary ozone catalyst particles. Ozone catalysis requires no filler, and the cost is low, significantly reducing catalyst replacement expenses.

This invention provides an iron-catalyzed activated magnesium slag-straw hexavalent bio-organic fertilizer and its anaerobic fermentation preparation method, belonging to the field of bio-organic fertilizer preparation technology. This invention uses magnesium slag, a solid waste from magnesium smelting, as the mineral matrix, crop straw as the biomass carbon source and potassium supplement, and compound lactic acid bacteria as the fermentation strain. Without adding any external catalytic activators, it utilizes the native iron components of the magnesium slag, through anaerobic lactic acid production, acidification, chelation, and anaerobic reduction by lactic acid bacteria to construct a Fe²⁺ / Fe³⁺ redox cycle catalytic system. Iron catalysis simultaneously dissociates six inert minerals—silicon, iron, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, and potassium—converting mineral-bound nutrients into water-soluble, chelated, and slow-release states. Straw continuously provides carbon, produces acid, and slowly releases organic potassium, stabilizing the microbial community and the potential of the catalytic system. The raw materials of this invention are inexpensive and readily available, the process is green and free of external agents, and the finished product has both long-lasting fertilization and soil improvement functions, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production and widely applicable to soil improvement and crop cultivation in various farmlands, orchards, and facility agriculture.

The invention relates to the technical field of electro-catalytic materials, and particularly discloses a bionic double-iron active center-based FePc-FeNOC nano-enzyme and an application thereof in nitrate wastewater treatment. The nano enzyme constructs an active site with a synergistic effect of Fe-N3O1 and Fe-N4 by simulating a double-iron catalytic center structure of a natural cNOR enzyme, so that an N-N coupling reaction energy barrier can be effectively reduced, and a nitrate reduction path is guided to efficiently generate nitrogen. The preparation method takes precursor synthesis, controllable pyrolysis and coupling impregnation as the core, and is simple in process, low in cost and easy for large-scale production. Experiments show that under the conditions that the cathode potential is-1.3 V vs SCE and the pH is neutral, the nitrate removal rate of the catalyst reaches 96.1%, the nitrogen selectivity reaches 93.3%, the Faraday efficiency is 82.8%, the catalyst has excellent catalytic stability and reusability, and a new material and a technical approach are provided for green and efficient treatment of high-nitrate wastewater.

The invention relates to a phosphorus-doped iron-carbon nano composite material, a preparation method thereof and application of the phosphorus-doped iron-carbon nano composite material in waste salt pollutant treatment, and belongs to the technical field of catalytic degradation of organic pollutants. The technical problem to be solved is that nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is low in catalytic activity, poor in recycling performance and the like. According to the key points of the technical scheme, the preparation method of the phosphorus-doped iron-carbon nano composite material comprises the following steps: (1) mixing an iron source, a phosphorus source and a carbon source, and fully grinding to obtain a composite material precursor Fe / P-BC; and (2) calcining the composite material precursor Fe / P-BC under the protection of an inert atmosphere to obtain the phosphorus-doped iron-carbon nano composite material, the calcining temperature is 700-850 DEG C, and the calcining time is 1-4 hours; wherein in terms of Fe atoms and P atoms, the Fe / P molar ratio in the iron source and the phosphorus source is (3: 1)-(1: 1).

The invention discloses a dynamic depassivation system and method for zero-valent iron catalytic oxidation, and belongs to the technical field of industrial wastewater advanced oxidation treatment. The system comprises a catalytic oxidation reactor, a mechanochemical reactor, a circulating pump, an oxidant adding unit, a sensor and a controller. According to the method, the system pressure and the oxidation-reduction potential are monitored in real time, the passivation state of the zero-valent iron is intelligently judged, and a dynamic depassivation program is triggered: a zero-valent iron filler is circulated to a mechanochemical reactor and rubs with a hard abrasive under the action of a high-speed impeller, a surface passivation layer is physically stripped, and the catalytic activity is recovered. According to the method, in-situ, continuous and environment-friendly regeneration of the activity of the zero-valent iron is realized, the problems of rapid activity attenuation, unstable operation, secondary pollution and the like in a traditional zero-valent iron catalytic oxidation system are solved, and the removal efficiency of nondegradable organic pollutants such as perfluorinated compounds and the long-term operation stability of the treatment system are remarkably improved.

This invention discloses a photochemical iron-catalyzed synthesis method for aromatic amines. Using inexpensive and abundant aryl bromides and amines as reactants, an inexpensive iron salt as a catalyst, bipyridine as a ligand, and an organic base, the synthesis of aromatic amines is achieved through a photoexcited iron-catalyzed C-N coupling reaction of aryl bromides and amines under an argon atmosphere. This invention features a simple reaction system, convenient operation, mild reaction conditions, and simple post-processing. It exhibits good selectivity for target compounds and high yield, avoiding the problems of complex catalytic systems and poor functional group compatibility caused by the use of traditional expensive metal catalysts and inorganic bases. It has significant application value and market prospects.

The invention discloses a ferrous silicate catalytic material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of catalytic materials. The preparation method comprises the following steps: slowly adding a sodium silicate solution into a ferrous sulfate solution at a constant speed, stirring and reacting under a proper pH condition, filtering, washing and drying a reaction product to obtain the ferrous silicate catalytic material, and the obtained ferrous silicate catalytic material has the characteristics of an amorphous crystal phase structure, nano-particle morphology and positive charge on the surface. The adsorbent not only has high adsorption activity on anionic organic pollutants, but also can catalyze peroxides to oxidize and degrade the organic pollutants, so that the degradation rate of the organic pollutants is improved.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly recovering phosphorus from municipal sludge, which comprises the following steps: step 1, adding to-be-treated sludge and an iron salt catalyst into a hydrothermal reaction container, and carrying out iron catalytic hydrothermal oxidation to obtain a hydrothermal oxidation liquid phase product of the sludge; step 2, adding a sodium hydroxide solution into the obtained sludge hydrothermal oxidation liquid-phase product to quickly adjust the pH value, so that phosphorus is removed from the liquid-phase product and enters a precipitate to obtain a phosphorus-rich precipitate; and step 3, drying the obtained phosphorus-rich precipitate to obtain a final phosphorus-containing product. According to the method, iron-catalyzed hydrothermal oxidation of the sludge can be realized within a relatively low temperature range, phosphorus in the sludge is promoted to migrate and convert to a liquid phase, organic impurities in a product are greatly reduced by rapidly adjusting the pH and a precipitation process, and the time required by the whole process is short.

The invention relates to a porous ceramic / carbon nanotube photo-thermal material and a preparation method and application thereof. The porous ceramic / carbon nanotube photo-thermal material takes silicate as a substrate, and porous ceramic of carbon nanotubes grows under the catalysis of iron. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving kaolin, a catalyst, silicate and polyethylene glycol according to a certain ratio, fully stirring, air-drying, taking out, drying in a muffle furnace, firing to obtain a primary blank, placing melamine as a carbon source in a tubular furnace, growing carbon nanotubes in an argon atmosphere through a chemical vapor deposition method, and sintering to obtain the carbon nanotube / kaolin composite material. The thickness of the carbon nanotubes in silicate can be regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the particle size, proportion and temperature of the catalyst, and high-density carbon tube growth is constructed. The photo-thermal material has full-spectrum light absorption, the photo-thermal conversion capacity of silicate is greatly improved, the temperature of the surface of the photo-thermal material can be increased to about 55 DEG C under one sun, and the evaporation rate of 2.5 kg.m <-2 >. H <-1 > or above is achieved. The device is suitable for the fields of solar photo-thermal conversion, sewage treatment, interface evaporation and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical synthesis, and relates to the technical field of synthesis of allylamine drug intermediates, in particular to a method for synthesizing cis-allylamine compounds through iron photocatalysis. In order to develop a simple, convenient and green photocatalytic technology for preparing the cis-allylamine compound, aryl-terminated alkyne or a derivative thereof and amino acid are used as raw materials, a one-pot reaction is carried out under purple light irradiation through iron catalysis, the corresponding Z-selective olefin compound can be obtained, the method is mild in reaction condition, simple to operate and high in cis-selectivity, and the method is suitable for industrial production. A catalytic system which is low in cost, green and good in biocompatibility is used, and the concept of green chemistry is met. In addition, the photocatalytic technology provided by the invention provides a green and efficient innovative approach for synthesis of cis-allylamine drugs.

The application discloses a synthesis method of alpha-substituted arylacetamide compounds. The method is based on a light-driven iron-catalyzed decarboxylative arylalkylation reaction system of ligand-metal charge transfer (LMCT) mechanism, can efficiently couple readily available N-arylacrylamide with commercial and various carboxylic acids, and can prepare a series of alpha-substituted arylacetamide compounds containing acyclic quaternary carbon stereogenic centers with high chemical selectivity. The system is suitable for various carboxylic acid substrates, including primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl carboxylic acids and complex biological active carboxylic acid molecules.