The invention provides acid-anhydride-bond-containing symmetric molecular tweezer series porphyrin compounds and a preparation method thereof. The structural formula is disclosed in the specification, wherein M=H2, Zn, MnCl, Cu, Ni or Co. The molecular formulae of the porphyrin compounds are sequentially C90H58N8O3, C90H54N8O3Zn2, C90H54N8O3Cl2Mn2, C90H54N8O3Cu2, C90H54N8O3Ni2 and C90H54N8O3Co2. The free alkali porphyrin P is prepared by carrying out intermolecular removal of one water molecule on bimolecular 5-(4-carboxylphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin; and the synthesized protoporphyrin reacts with MnCl2.4H2O, ZnCl2, CuCl2, NiCl2.6H2O and CoCl2.6H2O to obtain the corresponding metalloporphyrin compounds. All the synthesized series porphyrins are molecular tweezer compounds with specific cavity size, and can be further developed into sensitive materials for detecting aldehyde ketones, amines and aromatics.