The invention relates to a supported
metal bismuth particle
composite material which is characterized in that
metal bismuth particles are supported on a
porous carbon carrier through a
coupling agent with amino groups, and the particle size of the
metal bismuth particles is 5-30nm. The preparation method comprises the following steps: loading tetraaminophenyl
porphyrin molecules on
porous carbon through simple two-step impregnation adsorption to form a modified
porous carbon composite material, and then carrying out second-step impregnation adsorption on the modified porous carbon
composite material and bismuth metal salt under a
sodium borohydride reduction condition. Benefited from the confinement effect of porous carbon and the special stabilizing effect of the molecular
coupling agent, the bismuth metal small nanoparticles are fixed on the porous carbon carrier in a
strong binding form, the loading capacity is high, and the activity is high, so that the molecular
coupling agent plays a role in enhancing the interaction between the bismuth metal nano particles and the carrier, and the self structure is not changed under the reduction condition. The supported metal bismuth particle composite material is used for preparing
formic acid by
carbon dioxide epoxy, has excellent catalytic activity and stability, and has obvious industrial advantages.