75results about How to "Ensure anaerobic environment" patented technology

The invention provides a method for quickly starting an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor. A small amount of anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge subjected to enrichment culture successfully is regularly added into a reactor for starting an anaerobic ammonia oxidation process by using non-anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge (such as nitrification sludge, denitrification sludge, methane-producing sludge and the like) to provide certain growth factors for the reactor, so that the starting condition of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process is improved, and a part of bacterium sources can be increased to accelerate the enrichment of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in the sludge in the reactor; and substrate concentration and hydraulic retention time are timely adjusted on the basis to avoid substrate lack and accelerate the growth of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria and the process of granulating the sludge, so that the starting time of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is greatly shortened, and the popularization and application of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process are facilitated.

The invention provides an integrated whole autotrophic nitrogen removal device and belongs to the technical field of biological nitrogen removal of wastewater. The device comprises a reaction device body, wherein a granular sludge chamber and an anaerobic sludge-biomembrane chamber are arranged in the body, a water feeding and distributing device, an aeration pipe and a partition board are sequentially arranged in the granular sludge chamber from bottom to top, a filler suspending layer, a filler stacking layer and a water outlet chamber are formed in the anaerobic sludge-biomembrane chamber from top to bottom, the anaerobic sludge-biomembrane chamber surrounds the outer side of the granular sludge chamber, the partition board is arranged in the middle of the granular sludge chamber, a gas-collecting hood is arranged at the upper part, a first gas outlet is formed in the gas-collecting hood, an annular overflow port communicated with the anaerobic sludge-biomembrane chamber is formed in the upper part of the inner wall of the granular sludge chamber, a buffer and a water distributor are connected to the upper part of the inner wall of the anaerobic sludge-biomembrane chamber, and asecond gas outlet is formed in the top. The device can be started in a short time, can effectively intercept sludge to create aerobic and anaerobic environments and improve the system biomass and diversity, occupies little floor space and is good in water treatment effect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel ethanol production through microbial fermentation, in particular to a solid-state fermentation process and a device for preparing fuel ethanol. The process mainly comprises two steps that: strain adding and continuous solid-state fermentation, i.e. fermentation strains are added into fermentation raw materials before crushed materials enter a continuous fermentation tank body, and then, the mixed fermentation materials are continuously fermented in the continuous solid-state fermentation tank so that fermentable sugar is converted into ethanol. The continuous solid-state fermentation is adopted in the invention, the fermentable sugar content in straws can be sufficiently utilized, the use of preservatives is avoided, the yield of the ethanol is improved, the continuous solid-state fermentation device is adopted, the traditional production mode is changed, the continuity of the solid-state fermentation process is really realized, therotating speed of the fermentation tank body and the plate shoveling angle can be regulated, and the adjustability and the controllability of the production are enhanced.

The feed is produced with the following materials: calcium bicarbonate 0.2-0.50(in weight portions, the same below), molasses 0.5-5, wheat bran 3-17, rice straw 10-30, sauce residue 1-3, distiller's residue 10-30, sesame residue 5-15, rice bran 1-15, vegetable oil 0.5-1, apple residue 2-25 and barley 2-5. The materials may contain also corn 8-50 weight portions, cotton seed 1-3 weight portions and clover 10-15 weight portions.

The invention discloses a laboratory continuous biogas anaerobic fermentation device. The laboratory continuous biogas anaerobic fermentation device comprises a gas collection and storage chamber, a feeding chamber, a fermentation chamber and a biogas residue and biogas slurry chamber, wherein a fermentation tank, a fermentation temperature controller and a vertical mixer are arranged in the fermentation chamber; a mixing blade and an electric heating element are mounted on the mixing rod of the vertical mixer; a plurality of outlets are formed in the sidewall of the body of the fermentation tank; a feeding pipe is arranged in the feeding chamber and a circulating pump and an exhaust pipe are connected to the feeding pipe; a gasholder is arranged in the gas collection and storage chamber, the middle lower part of the gas holder is communicated with the upper part of the fermentation tank by use of a gas collecting pipe, and a gas flowmeter, a pipeline valve, a gas compressor, a gas inlet valve and a gas distribution pipe are connected to the gas collecting pipe; a biogas residue and biogas slurry storage tank is arranged in the biogas residue and biogas slurry chamber, the middle upper part of the biogas residue and biogas slurry storage tank is communicated with the middle upper part of the fermentation tank by use of a waste discharge pipe and a flap valve, and a waste liquid outlet is formed in the bottom of the biogas residue and biogas slurry storage tank. The laboratory continuous biogas anaerobic fermentation device has the advantages that fermentation raw materials can be added to the fermentation tank any time and continuous biogas anaerobic fermentation can be realized based on the laboratory platform.

The invention relates to sample collection equipment in the field of environmental science or environmental engineering, in particular to an in-situ layered collection device for columnar sediment pore water in shallow water areas. It includes a cylinder, a sealed layered disk, a water guide pipe and a suction device, wherein the cylinder is a hollow structure and has a plurality of water seepage inlet holes on the side wall, the sealed layered disk is arranged inside the cylinder, and the sealed sub The layer plate is provided with multiple storage areas along the axial direction, and a pipeline groove is arranged in the center. The pipeline groove is provided with a plurality of water suction holes connected with each storage area. There are multiple water guide pipes in the pipeline groove. The lower end of each water guide pipe They are respectively connected with each storage area, and the upper end protrudes from the cylinder, which is the collection end. The suction device is used to collect sediment pore water in each layer of storage area at the collection end of each aqueduct. The sampling process of the present invention has no direct contact with air, and does not require operations such as sample pretreatment, cutting and separation, and high-speed centrifugation, thereby effectively ensuring the original properties of pore water.

The invention discloses a method for producing butyl alcohol and succinic acid through fermentation. The method which is the method for producing the butyl alcohol and the succinic acid produces the butyl alcohol and the succinic acid simultaneously through fermenting microbe in different systems and gas which is produced in producing the butyl alcohol through the fermentation is inputted in a system for producing the succinic acid through the fermentation. The method connects a butyl alcohol fermentation system and a succinic acid fermentation system in series, CO2 and H2 which are produced through fermenting the butyl alcohol are utilized to promote succinic acid synthesis, which not only realizes the comprehensive use of the CO2, reduces the discharge of greenhouse gas, but also reduces the using amount of carbonate in the succinic acid producing process. The method does not need reforming complex devices and only needs adding a filtrating and removing bacteria device and then connecting with an air intake duct of a succinic acid fermentor. Experiments show that the method of the invention can keep or even increase the synthesis concentration of the succinic acid under the condition that the carbonate is not additionally added and simultaneously butyl alcohol synthesis is not affected.

The invention discloses a biomembrane denitrification method for nitrogen containing sewage. A biomembrane denitrification reactor has the structure described as follows: a transversal plate (a), a vertical plate (b), a vertical plate (c) and a transversal plate (d) are arranged in a reactor, wherein the transversal plate (a) divides the reactor into an upper part and a lower part, wherein the lower part is a hydrolytic acidification zone and the upper part is an A/O zone. The A/O zone is divided into three parts by the vertical plate (b) and the vertical plate (c), wherein the three parts successively are an aerobic zone (O), a transition zone and an anaerobic zone (A). The lower end of the vertical plate (b) is sealedly connected to the transversal plate (a). A water passing gap is formed between the upper end and the top of the reactor. The upper end of the vertical plate (c) is sealedly connected to the top of the reactor. A water passing gap is formed between the lower end of the vertical plate (c) and the transversal plate (a). The left end of the transversal plate (d) is sealed connected to the bottom of the vertical plate (c), while the right end is connected to a wall of the reactor. The transition zone is filled with sponge iron deoxidant granules. In sewage treatment, sewage is fed from the bottom of the reactor, and successively passes through the hydrolytic acidification zone, the aerobic zone, the transition zone and the anaerobic zone, and is discharged from the upper part. In the reactor, biomembranes in the zones are cultured independently, so that the biomembranes having special functions can be cultured better. The reactor has high biomembrane forming speed and has good denitrification effect.

The invention discloses a piromyces sp. and a method for producing formic acid with piromyces sp. fermented rice straws and belongs to the field of biology. The CGMCC (China general microbiological culture collection center) No. of the piromyces sp. Yak TZF is 13392 and has the capacity to produce the formic acid greatly. The method includes: taking the rice straws and the piromyces sp. Yak TZF pure culture as inoculum, adding compound antibiotics and well-prepared chloramphenicol, and performing anaerobic culture under the temperature of 39DEG C for 7 days to produce the formic acid reaching 27.9mM in concentration. The piromyces sp. And the method have the advantages that the method is simple in process, and anaerobic environment is guaranteed; the straw are smashed and dried without being peeled; the formic acid produced is high in concentration.

The feed fermenting production process utilizing leftover from food industry includes the following steps: crushing the leftover; crushing and sieving hay; mixing the crushed leftover and crushed hay via stirring; sealing the mixture inside container and exhausting air; and fermentation.

The invention relates to a method for preparing probitics through a two-step fermentation method by using degreased rice bran as a raw material, wherein degreased rice bran is adopted as a raw material and is added with 0.5%-5.0% of molasses, water is added to adjust the moisture content of 35-45%, activated bacteria is inoculated to ferment, an enzyme preparation is added to carry out enzymolysis, and low temperature drying is performed to obtain the probitics. According to the present invention, the degreased rice bran is selected as the main raw material, the production process is simple and environmentally friendly, and the degreased rice bran has the low cost and is rich in nutrition so as to easily achieve microorganism growth and achieve the high biological activity of the product; and compared with the probitics produced from the conventional liquid fermentation, the probiotics of the present invention have the following characteristics that: after the degreased rice bran is fermented, the protein molecules are subjected to microorganism degradation to form the small peptides, the small peptides have the biological activity, and enzymolysis is performed by using cellulase and protease after the fermenting, such that the culture medium can well be degraded and becomes the nutrient substrate of the microorganisms in the animal intestinal tract, and the micro-ecology balance in the animal intestinal tract can be well maintained.

A short-distance nitrification-denitrification biomembrane denitrogenation method for nitrogen containing sewage is disclosed. A biomembrane reactor having the following structure is adopted, wherein a cross plate a, a vertical plate b, a vertical plate c and a cross plate d are disposed in the reactor, the cross plate a separates the reactor into an upper part and a lower part, the lower part is a hydrolysis acidifying zone and the upper part is an A/O zone; the A/O zone is divided into three parts which are an aerobic zone O, a transition zone and an anaerobic zone A in order through the vertical plate b and the vertical plate c, the lower end of the vertical plate b is hermetically connected to the cross plate a, a water opening is between the upper end of the vertical plate b and the top of the reactor, the upper end of the vertical plate c is hermetically connected to the top of the reactor, a water opening is between the lower end of the vertical plate c and the cross plate a, the left end of the cross plate d is hermetically connected to the bottom of the vertical plate c, the right end of the cross plate d is hermetically connected to the wall of the reactor, and the transition zone is filled with palladium-copper loaded activated carbon catalyst particles. During sewage treatment, water is fed from the bottom of the reactor, passes through the hydrolysis acidifying zone, the aerobic zone, the transition zone and the anaerobic zone in order and discharged from the upper part. Biomembranes in each zone of the reactor are cultured separately, biomembranes with specific performance can be formed, film hanging is rapid and denitrogenation effects are good.

The invention discloses a method for promoting anaerobism and efficiently producing methane through denitrification at the same time. The method comprises the following steps: inoculating anaerobic granule sludge in an anaerobic reactor, guiding waste water taking sodium acetate and sodium propionate as a mixed carbon source, taking nitrate nitrogen in the waste water as a nitrogen source, controlling inflow COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the waste water to be consistent, gradually reducing the C/N specific value and operating the anaerobic reactor, so as to promote the waste water to be anaerobic and produce the methane through denitrification at the same time. According to the method, by controlling the type of the carbon source and the C/N specific value, a reaction environment of anaerobism and production of the methane through denitrification at the same time is improved, the anaerobism and the production of the methane through denitrification are achieved in the single reactor at the same time, the system adaptation time and the hydraulic retention time are shortened, the pollutant removal efficiency is high, the water quality of effluent is table, and the clean energy methane is produced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and relates to a novel microbial fuel cell generating device and an assembling method thereof. A cell body sequentially comprises an anode cover plate, anode carbon cloth, an anode chamber, a proton membrane, a cathode chamber, cathode carbon cloth and a cathode cover plate which are fixedly connected, wherein liquid adding ports are formed in the top of the anode chamber and the top of the cathode chamber, and an anode electrode contact piece and a cathode electrode contact piece are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the anode cover plate and the bottom of the cathode cover plate respectively; a cell base comprises a cell bottom plate seat, a wiring seat, a cell clamping plate and a cell movable clamping plate, a conductivespring is hinged between the cell clamping plate and the cell movable clamping plate, a cell wiring terminal and a resistor wiring terminal are arranged on the wiring seat, an anode electrode contactpin and a cathode electrode contact pin which are respectively in contact with the anode electrode contact piece and the cathode electrode contact piece are fixedly arranged on the inner side of the cell clamping plate and the inner side of the cell movable clamping plate, so that the problems of long starting time and low power generation capacity of the fuel cell caused by complicated liquid change assembly of the fuel cell and poor leakproofness of the anode chamber are solved.

The invention discloses a short-distance nitrification/denitrification biomembrane nitrogen-removal reactor and a rapid membrane forming method. According to the invention, a transverse plate a, a vertical plate b, a vertical plate c and a transverse plate d are arranged in the reactor, the reactor is transversely divided into an upper part and a lower part by the transverse plate a , the lower part is a first anaerobic zone, the upper part is vertically divided into three parts by the vertical plate b and the vertical plate c, which are an aerobic zone, a transition zone and a second anaerobic zone; the lower end of the vertical plate b is connected with the transverse plate a, a water passing port is kept at the top of the upper end and the reactor, the upper end of the vertical plate c and the top of the reactor are connected in a sealing mode, the water passing port is kept at the lower end and the transverse plate a, the left end of the transverse plate d and the bottom of the vertical plate c are connected in the sealing mode; the right end and the wall of the reactor are connected in the sealing mode; and the transition zone is filled with palladium-copper supported active carbon catalyst particles. While the membrane is formed, water is introduced from bottom, the sewage passes through the first anaerobic zone, the aerobic zone, the transition zone and the second anaerobic zone in order, then is discharged from the upper part of the reactor, biomembranes at each area in the reactor are subjected to partitioning culture, the biomembrane having specific performance can be better formed, the membrane forming speed is rapid, and the nitrogen removal effect is good.

The invention relates to a charcoal preparation apparatus, and especially relates to a closed charcoal preparation apparatus. A technical scheme is characterized in that the apparatus comprises a temperature controller (1), a heater box (2) and a pyrolysis tank (9), and when charcoal is prepared, organic matters enter the pyrolysis tank (9), a lid (8) at the upper portion of the pyrolysis tank (9) is screwed up, the pyrolysis tank (9) is put in the heater box (2), and heating pyrolysis is carried out. The heater box is opened after the pyrolysis reaction, the pyrolysis tank (9) is cooled to room temperature, and then the prepared charcoal is taken out. The apparatus has the characteristics of ingenious conception, reasonable design, and realizes reduction of the pyrolysis temperature, shortening of the organic matter pyrolysis time and increase of the charcoal preparation efficiency by preparing charcoal through pyrolysis of organic substances in closed environment; and the apparatus can ensure anaerobic environment and improve the charcoal production rate through pyrolysis of the organic matters in a closed tank.

The invention relates to the field of microbiological analysis and detection, and particularly discloses a method for detecting clostridium perfringens in drinking natural mineral water. The inspection method comprises the following steps: a, filtering a water sample by adopting a filter membrane, then tightly placing the filter membrane on a bottom culture medium, paving a middle culture medium on the filter membrane, carrying out anaerobic inverted culture for 24-26h at the temperature of 35-37 DEG C, and counting the number of black bacterial colonies; and b, picking 3-5 black bacterial colonies, respectively inoculating the black bacterial colonies on a liquid thioglycolate culture medium, culturing for 18-24 hours at the temperature of 35-37 DEG C, and taking the black bacterial colonies to carry out a confirmation test. By means of the detection method, the black characteristic of the cultured bacterial colony is obvious, identification is easy, and the accuracy of the detection result is high.

The invention relates to a biological nitrogen removal technology implemented under the low temperature and low carbon source conditions. An up-flow anoxic/anaerobic reactor (UAAR), a nitration tank and a sedimentation tank are involved in the technology. The UAAR integrates the functions of primary sedimentation, anaerobic treatment, anoxic treatment and sludge thickening. A bottom sludge hopper, with a better water flow state and a larger effective depth, in the reactor provides conditions for sludge to be subjected to anaerobic acidification and generate VFAs in the sludge hopper, a carbon source easy to use biologically is supplemented to the system, and therefore the system can achieve nitrogen removal under the low temperature and low carbon source conditions. Compared with the prior art, only three structures are involved in the technology, the technology is simple, the tedious arrangement of multiple tanks is omitted, the occupied area is reduced, and the construction cost is lowered; an up-flow push mode is adopted for the main structure, namely the novel UAAR, high sludge concentration can be kept, high impact loads can be borne, and through up-flow mixing, stirring energy needed by a traditional technology is greatly lowered; a good nitrogen removal effect can be achieved without adding carbon sources, and the COD of effluent at low temperature, the ammonia nitrogen concentration and the total nitrogen concentration can reach the level A standard; the sludge concentration is high, the SRT is long, and the amount of excess sludge is greatly reduced.

The invention discloses a body fluid enrichment culture bottle and a preparation method thereof. The bottle comprises a bottle body, a bottle plug, a bottle cap a sensor and a fluid medium. The bottle body is in a cylindrical shape. The sensor is attached to the bottom inside the bottle body. The bottle plug and the bottle cap achieve the sealing and mechanical protecting effects. The sealed space of the body fluid enrichment culture bottle is the negative pressure aseptic environment. The bottle body of the body fluid enrichment culture bottle is the dual-layer plastic bottle body, one layer is made of plastic materials with strength support, and the other layer is made of plastic materials with gas barrier effect. The two layers of plastic materials avoid breaking safety risk and breathability influences. Macromolecule silicone rubber materials in the sensor are solidified at high temperature, so that the preparation time and solidification time of the sensor are greatly shortened, and the time of the whole production process is shortened. The sensor is nontransparent due to an opacifying agent, light signal collection is not interfered, and then the sensitivity of automatic detection equipment is improved.

The invention relates to a polluted underground water deep purification combined denitrification system, which comprises an aeration biological fluidized tank, primary subsurface flow wetland and secondary primary subsurface flow wetland in sequential connection. The invention also provides a method adopting the system for purifying the water quality. According to the method, a lifting pump is used for lifting polluted underground water to the aeration biological fluidized tank, most ammonia nitrogen in the polluted water is directly oxidized into nitrate nitrogen under the effect of nitrifiers, sewage enters the primary subsurface flow wetland, the rest ammonia nitrogen is further oxidized into nitrate nitrogen under the aerobic condition, then, the sewage enters the secondary subsurface flow wetland to complete the denitrification effect under the anaerobic conditions, and the nitrate nitrogen is reduced into nitrogen gas. The system aims at the water quality characteristic of high organic matter and ammonia nitrogen content in underground water polluted by landfill leachate, an aeration biological fluidized tank is combined with the constructed wetland technology, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reaches higher than 99 percent after the purification, the water outlet concentration of nitrate is smaller than 5mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen and nitrate concentration of the polluted underground water after the treatment completely meets the water quality standard of drinking water.

A dry and wet livestock manure treatment device comprises a fermentation tower (1), a motor (2), a reducer (3), a feeding and turning screw conveyor (4), a belt pulley A (5), a hopper (6), a material channel (7), a belt pulley B (8), a shifting piece (9), a shifting rod (10), a group of aerator pipes (11) and a temperature sensing bushing (12). The dry and wet livestock manure treatment device has the advantages as follows: the feeding and turning screw conveyor is adopted for feeding and turning, can treat dry and wet raw materials simultaneously and can perform repeated turning, and the fermentation effect is good; the temperature in the fermentation tower can be monitored and regulated in real time, the fermentation efficiency is high, and inactivation of fermentation bacteria due to overhigh temperature is avoided; by means of a check valve, an anaerobic environment in the fermentation tower can be guaranteed, waste gas generated in a fermentation process can be exhausted, the fermentation tower inside is enabled to be in a good fermentation environment, and the fermentation quality is improved.

The invention relates to an anaerobic bacteria harvesting method, an anaerobic bacteria harvesting device and a storage device. The anaerobic bacteria harvesting device comprises anaerobic gas supplyequipment, an anaerobic gas conveying system and the storage device; a first pipeline is detachably connected with a gas of the storage device and is used for charging anaerobic compressed gas into the storage device from anaerobic gas supply equipment before collection; the first pipeline can also be detachably connected with an air bag pump controller during collection; the air bag pump controller communicates with a gas inlet of the air bag pump through a second pipeline; the first pipeline can also be detachably connected with a gas inlet/outlet of the storage device during filling; and athird pipeline can be arranged in underground water after being detached from the air bag pump, so that the whole-process anaerobic environment can be ensured and activity of bacteria can be maintained while collection and transplantation of protogenous dehalogenation anaerobic bacteria can be realized. In the underground environment polluted by chlorine-containing organic matter, the transplantedstrains realize high-efficiency degradation of chlorine-containing organic pollutants in soil and underground water by utilizing natural flora, accelerate in-situ bioremediation efficiency of the whole site, and improve the remediation effect.

The invention belongs to the technical field of bionics, human physiology, microbiology, nutrition and analytical testing, and provides a system for regenerating a gastrointestinal microbiome in vitroand an experimental method of the system. The system comprises a sampling device, a simulation device, an injection device and a culture device, wherein the sampling device is a needle tubing sampler; the simulation device comprises an anaerobic tube, the bottom of the anaerobic tube is provided with an ultrafiltration membrane, the anaerobic tube is placed in a centrifuge tube, the top of the anaerobic tube is provided with a butyl rubber stopper, the butyl rubber stopper is provided with a nitrogen catheter and an air catheter, and the nitrogen catheter stretches into the top of the anaerobic tube; the air catheter stretches into the bottom of the anaerobic tube; the injection device is a continuous syringe; the culture device is a constant temperature table concentrator. The simulationsystem is miniature and meets the technical requirements of high throughput. Gastrointestinal simulation is carried out in the same tube, the ultrafiltration membrane is arranged to periodically centrifuge the simulation tube to simulate the absorption of the small intestine, and the effect of simulating the gastrointestinal environment can be achieved.

The invention provides a sewage treatment system utilizing filamentous bacteria and controlling sludge bulking. The sewage treatment system comprises a grating, an air floatation tank, a sludge-membrane mixed biological tank and a membrane separation system which are connected in sequence, and the mud-membrane mixed biological tank comprises a degassing tank, an anaerobic tank, an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank. The invention also discloses a process of the system. According to the sewage treatment system, physicochemical treatment and biological decomposition are coordinated and matched, filamentous bacteria are used for sewage treatment, the filamentous bacteria are controlled to be in a good state, sludge bulking harm caused by excessive reproduction of the filamentous bacteria is avoided, the degradation advantage of the filamentous bacteria on pollutants is utilized, the treatment efficiency of all links is improved, meanwhile, effluent quality and operation stability of a sewage plant are improved, and energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved.