The invention provides a solid acid catalyst for 5-hydroxymethyl furfural synthesis and a preparation method thereof and relates to a solid acid catalyst. The invention aims to provide the preparation method of the solid acid catalyst for 5-hydroxymethyl furfural synthesis, which has the advantage that a raw material is cheap, easy to obtain, simple in preparation process, and environmentally-friendly, and can be used for synthesizing 5-HMF (Hydroxymethyl Furfural) through carbohydrate dehydration. The solid acid catalyst for 5-hydroxymethyl furfural synthesis is an oxide load sulfate ion or an oxide load chromium ion. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving oxide into deionized water; then completely precipitating the oxide by using a precipitant, aging, washing, filtering and drying; and finally, soaking the precipitant in sulfuric acid solution or chromium solution, dipping, filtering, drying and roasting to obtain the solid acid catalyst for 5-hydroxymethyl furfural synthesis. The 5-hydroxymethyl furfural does not corrode equipment, is easy to separate and can be recycled. The yield of the 5-hydroxymethyl furfural is high. The solid acid catalyst and the preparation method also have the advantages of environmental friendliness, low cost, simple preparation process, easiness in operation, and safe and reliable manufacturing process.