The invention discloses an all-fiber structural laser system capable of generating high-energy wave-free split rectangular pulse, which aims to solve the technical problems that the current erbium-doped fiber laser has low pulse energy and poor stability and is difficult to realize rectangular pulse output. The all-fiber structural laser system comprises two wavelength division multiplexers, an erbium-doped fiber, a first polarization controller, a polarization dependent isolator, a second polarization controller and an output coupler connected in turn through an intra-cavity single mode fiber, wherein the input ends of the two wavelength division multiplexers are provided with pumping light sources. The length of the erbium-doped fiber is 10 to 20 meters, the total length of the single mode fiber is 5 to 10 meters, and the whole intra-cavity net dispersion is kept in a large positive value. The all-fiber structural laser system has the advantages of simple structure, low price, good stability and the like on application; and compared with a solid laser for generating high-energy rectangular pulse, the all-fiber structural laser system has the advantages of high pumping efficiency, adjustment convenience, good pulse quality and the like, and is easy for fiber coupling.