The invention relates to a colorful oily fertilizer anticaking agent and an application thereof. The colorful oily fertilizer anticaking agent comprises components in percentage by mass as follows: 1%-3% of allura red aluminum lake, sunset yellow aluminum lake, indigo blue aluminum lake, fast green aluminum lake, purple aluminum lake, chocolate brown aluminum lake or brilliant black aluminum lake and 97%-99% of an oily anticaking agent, the components are milled by a horizontal milling machine and are mixed uniformly, and the colorful oily fertilizer anticaking agent is prepared; the colorful oily fertilizer anticaking agent is applied to fertilizer packaging, and accordingly, the fertilizer appearance color is corresponding red, yellow, blue, green, purple, brown or black. The colorful oily fertilizer anticaking agent and the application thereof have the advantages that the corresponding red, yellow, blue, green, purple, brown or black oily fertilizer anticaking agent is provided according to different colors of the fertilizer appearance, so that the fertilizer hue is stable, the packaging capacity is high, inner and outer colors are consistent, chromatic aberration and uneven dyeing are avoided, the color is uniform, and besides, the colorful oily fertilizer anticaking agent can be resistant to light and heat, is fadeless and non-discoloring and is taken as a fertilizer variety distinguishing and fertilizer anti-counterfeiting mark; the method is simple, the use cost is low, the anticaking performance is good, when the fertilizer is coated with the agent, the fertilizer loosening rate is up to or higher than 90%, biodegradation can be realized, and environmental protection is facilitated.