The invention discloses a method for preparing YAG-based multilayer composite structure transparent ceramics by using Isobam gel injection molding. The prepared multilayer ceramics satisfy the structure shown in the following formula: YAG / Re:YAG / YAG or YAG / Re: YAG / Re:YAG, where the YAG layer consists of Y 3 A1 5 o 12 Composed of, the Re:YAG layer consists of (Y 1‑x Re x ) 3 A1 5 o 12 Composition, 0.02≤x≤0.2; Re is one of the rare earth elements cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium or ytterbium; first prepare the slurry for Isobam gel injection molding, Then the slurry is defoamed and poured into the mold, the first layer of slurry is solidified and then poured into other layers of slurry, after complete gelation, it is dried and deglued; the green body after degumming is vacuum sintered After annealing and double-sided polishing, it is a multi-layer composite structure transparent ceramic. The method provided by the invention mainly uses water-based slurry, which is green and environmentally friendly. The prepared ceramics have the characteristics of high density, complex structure, good optical quality, high transmittance, and small interface ion diffusion range. Preparation of composite structure YAG-based transparent ceramic materials.