The invention discloses a manufacture method and applications of a high temperature resistant and deformation resistant composite microporous membrane. The manufacture method comprises the following steps: (a) providing a polymer microporous membrane; (b) dispersing ceramic nano particles into an aqueous adhesive to form aqueous slurry; (c) painting the aqueous slurry on the surface of the polymer microporous membrane to form a composite microporous membrane; wherein the aqueous adhesive comprises a main adhesive and an interlayer adhesive, the main adhesive is prepared from cellulose ether, natural polymer and derivatives thereof, or a mixture of cellulose ether and natural polymer and derivatives thereof; the interlayer adhesive is prepared from polyacrylamide, poly(vinyl amide), polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarboxylic acid, modified paraffin resin, carbomer, polyacrylic acid, urethane acrylate, polyacrylate copolymer emulsion, cis-polybutadiene, butadiene styrene rubber, polyurethane, carbamate, and liquid glue made of part of acrylic epoxy resin, isobornyl acrylate, starch, modified polyurea, and low molecular polyvinyl wax, and the weight ratio of the main adhesive to the interlayer adhesive is 20:55-65:5.