The invention discloses an anaerobic reactor for vinasse wastewater treatment, and belongs to the field of anaerobic reactors, according to the scheme, wastewater is discharged into an anaerobic reactor body after being filtered through a water inlet pipe and a filter screen frame, anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic reactor body adsorb and decompose the wastewater, water-soluble balloons are dissolved in water, exposed reducing iron powder reacts with oxygen in water to generate ferroferric oxide, so that the iron element in the ferroferric oxide promotes the reaction of anaerobic microorganisms, shortens the anaerobic digestion reaction time, improves the decomposition rate of wastewater, increases the heat release, provides a good temperature environment for the growth and reaction of the anaerobic microorganisms, further improves the digestion reaction efficiency; and the wastewater flows to drive flowing blades to rotate, so that a rotating cylinder is driven to rotate through a first transmission wheel, a second transmission wheel and a transmission belt, and a memory stirring rod which is heated to bloom is driven to rotate and stir, so that the wastewater and anaerobic microorganisms are mixed and contacted more sufficiently, and the reaction effect is enhanced.