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This invention discloses a photothermal-triggered reusable drug delivery microneedle patch based on phase change materials, its preparation method, and its applications, relating to the field of pharmaceutical technology. The microneedle patch comprises several microneedles, each containing a drug-loaded matrix, a therapeutic drug, and photothermal nanoparticles. The drug-loaded matrix comprises a phase change material with reversible solidification-melting properties, capable of melting under photothermal triggering conditions and reverting to solidification after the photothermal triggering conditions disappear. The melting point of the phase change material is between 38°C and 45°C. The phase change material includes higher fatty acids and polyethylene glycol derivatives, and the photothermal nanoparticles include gold nanorods, graphene oxide, and polypyrrole nanoparticles. This invention proposes a microneedle patch using near-infrared light as a trigger signal and a phase change material with reversible solidification-melting properties. Through the melting process of the same phase change material under photothermal triggering, reusable drug delivery is achieved, overcoming the technical limitations of existing microneedles that only allow for "single-use, continuous drug release."