83results about How to "Improve the rhizosphere environment" patented technology

The invention relates to a planting method of famous and precious Chinese herb medicine dendrobium officinale, and the method is characterized in that a cultivation bed of a plantation trough with an undulated bottom is established under a certain facility environment, multiple mixed organic matrixes mainly comprising pine bark are paved, a nondestructive planting technology for stretching tissue culture seedling roots is adopted, and scientific and reasonable dendrobium officinale planting method adopting comprehensive cultivation measures such as a photo and temperature control technology, a fertilizer control technology, an insect and harmful organism nuisanceless control technology and a sustainable harvesting technology is adopted in different growth seasons and for different plants according to the biological characteristics of the dendrobium officinale; and due to the adoption of the method, the ventilation, moisture evaporation and moistening functions of a plant root environment can be enhanced, and harmful substances influencing the growth of the plant can be eliminated in time, so that the plant can grow strong, active components are highly concentrated, the resistance is enhanced, a purpose of high yield and excellent quality can be realized, the high yield and stable yield of the dendrobium officinale can be guaranteed, the product quality is excellent, sustainability for harvesting the dendrobium officinale for multiple years can be realized, and super high yield of fresh products about 600kg per Mu every year can be realized after the method is put into production.

The invention relates to a container culture medium prepared from edible fungi residue and a production method thereof, and the container culture medium comprises the edible fungi residue. The container culture medium comprises the following raw materials and auxiliary raw materials in naturally stacked parts by volume: 50-60 parts of the edible fungi residue, 30-70 parts of grass carbon, 0.8-1.2 parts of vermiculite, 0.3-0.7 part of pearlite, 5-20 parts of cake fertilizer, and 2-4 parts of mineral fertilizer. Wood chips, wheat bran, residual mycelia and other larger particles are contained in the edible fungi residue, thereby having higher air porosity and good water retention property and permeability, being more conductive to growth of a plant root system, creating a good rooting zone environment for growth of crops and providing a large number of nutrients for the crops; and the supply of the edible fungi residue is sufficient, and the material can be got from local resources, thereby reducing the production cost of the container culture medium to the maximal extent.

The invention discloses a composite soil remediation agent made from compost and a preparation method. Vigorous implementation of soil remediation is a primary task for protecting soil ecological environments and solving land resource scarcity. The composite soil remediation agent made from the compost comprises, by weight, 60-70 parts of compost materials, 10-15 parts of straw biomass charcoal, 20 parts of coal ash, 2-5 parts of zeolite powder, 3-5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 0.5-2 parts of composite microbial agents and 0.5-1 part of binder. The composite soil remediation agent and the preparation method have the advantages that the substances are combined organically, formula and production process are optimized reasonably, the composite soil remediation agent with functions of fertilizing, purifying and remediating the soil and promoting crop growth and development is provided for soil remediation, and accordingly, healthy, green and sustainable agriculture is promoted. The composite soil remediation agent is applied to soil remediation as well as biofertilizer and waste resource utilization.

The invention relates to a method for producing protective vegetable fungus root sprout, comprising the following steps: 1) planting susceptive crop after inoculating the bush AMF for sterilized organic soil or soil, taking the strand roots of plant or fungus root spore as inoculating bacteria; 2) sterilizing seedling soil or medium; 3) loading the sterilized soil into dish, spraying the inoculating bacteria onto soil, 4) sowing on the dish, then covering with sterilized soil for seedling in greenhouse. The invention is characterized by the low cost, good popularity and simple operation. The bacteria can on one side increase the usage of nutrient and water and fertilizer under organic cultivating condition, which results in productivity and quality improvement of vegetable; on the other side can strengthen the disease and drought resistance, reduce disease spread through soil and improve vegetable root condition.

The invention relates to a method for quickly modifying severe soda alkali-saline soil. The invention provides the method for quickly modifying the severe soda alkali-saline soil in order to solve the problem that the modifying effect is lowered as soil clay particles are scattered when the soil clay particles encounter water, soil water cannot permeate below the tillage layer and be separated from the tillage layer due to the blockage of soil pores, and soil modification is limited. The method for quickly improving the severe soda alkali-saline soil comprises the following steps of: 1, deeply loosening severe soda alkali-saline land in a grid way so as to form deeply loosened soil conditions which are favorable to the downward infiltration of soil water and salt; 2, determining the use quantity of a gypsum modifier according to the pH value of the soil in the tillage layer of the severe soda alkali-saline land, and then uniformly scattering the gypsum modifier on the surface of the deeply loosened severe soda alkali-saline soil; and 3, mixing the gypsum modifier within the 20 cm soil layer of the severe soda alkali-saline land by mechanical rotary tillage. The method belongs to the technical field of severe soil modification.

The invention discloses a preparation method of magnesium-enriched biochar for synchronously and efficiently recycling nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in farm waste liquid and application of the magnesium-enriched biochar. The preparation method of the magnesium-enriched biochar for synchronously and efficiently recycling the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the farm waste liquid comprises the following steps that (1) biomass powder is added into a magnesium chloride solution and uniformly mixed, and after uniform mixing, microwave treatment is conducted to obtain the magnesium chloride solution in which the biomass is dispersed; (2) then after the solution is stirred for a certain time, filtering and drying are conducted to obtain magnesium-enriched biomass; finally, the magnesium-enriched biomass is transferred into an oxygen-deficient atmosphere, and thermal cracking is conducted at the temperature of 450-700 DEG C to prepare the magnesium-enriched biochar for synchronously and efficiently recycling the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the farm waste liquid. The obtained carbon material can synchronously and efficiently recycle the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the farm waste liquid, and biochar fertilizer obtained after recycling of nitrogen and phosphorus is controlled release fertilizer with an improvement effect on soil.

The invention discloses a root growth promoting agent for tobacco, its preparation and application. The root growth promoting agent comprises the following ingredients: 100-150 weight parts of potassium nitrate, 50-100 weight parts of urea, 10-50 weight parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-50 weight parts of amino acid powder, 5-10 weight parts of zinc sulfate, 5-10 weight parts of ferrous sulphate, 5-10 weight parts of boric acid, 5-10 weight parts of sodium alginate, 5-10 weight parts of glucose, 5-10 weight parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, and 5-10 weight parts of paclobutrazol. The root growth promoting agent disclosed herein can simultaneously provide tobacco with organic and inorganic nutrition, macro and trace nutrients, and root growth promoting factors with physiological activity, has the effect of improving tobacco rhizosphere environment, and can rapidly induce the rooting and growth of seedlings. The root growth promoting agent disclosed herein can be applied by blade spraying, hole irrigation, root irrigation and the like. Compared with the control group, the total number of roots which is subject to the application of the root growth promoting agent increases by 5.04-35.19%, the root dry weight increases by 5.69-32.47%, and the root volume increases by 7.99-36.75%. The root growth promoting agent disclosed herein can be widely applied in tobacco production.

The invention relates to composite probiotic for crops and trees planting. The probiotic can be applicable to soil conditioning, microorganism bacterial manure preparation, irrigation, foliage spray, ground spray, air atomizing disinfection and the like, thus improving crops and trees yield, quality and disease resistance.

The invention discloses a rhizobium capable of efficiently solubilizing phosphorus and application of the rhizobium. The phosphorus solubilizing rhizobium is named as Rhizobium sp.P-1 and preserved in China Center For Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) on June 16, 2016, and the preservation number is CCTCC M 2016333. The rhizobium can convert difficultly-soluble inorganic phorphorus into a high-quality phosphorus compound which can be directly absorbed and utilized by plants. By using the screened rhizobium in a lettuce pot culture experiment, the content of effective phosphorus in soil can be obviously increased, it is guaranteed that the lettuce yield is not decreased on the condition that the application amount of phosphate fertilizer is decreased by 50%, and the nutritional quality of lettuce is improved. The rhizobium can be used for preparing a phosphorus solubilizing fungicide, be widely applied to agricultural production, improve the bio-availability of difficultly-soluble phosphorus in the soil, increase the phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency, save fertilizer and increase the yield and has the important significance and application value on the aspect of keeping agricultural ecological balance.

The invention relates to an organic fertilizer technology and specifically relates to biological bacterium organic fertilizer and in particular to biological bacterium water-retaining organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problem that the conventional organic fertilizer cannot help soil to resist drought and retain water. The biological bacterium organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in part by weight: 150 to 170 parts of chicken manure, 210 to 230 parts of humic acid, 60 to 70 parts of bean pulp, 15 to 18 parts of lactic acid bacteria and 50 to 60 parts of water-retaining agent, wherein the humic acid is one or a mixture of any one of sodium humate, potassium humate, phosphamidon humate, ulmic acid and grass carbon soil in any ratio. The biological bacterium organic fertilizer is prepared by the following steps: (1), placing the chicken manure into a fermenting tank and performing primary fermentation at normal temperature, wherein the fermentation time is 4 days and the raw materials are turned over for three times every day during fermentation; (2), adding the lactic acid bacteria and mixing uniformly; and (3), spreading the raw materials and performing secondary fermentation.

The invention discloses a cherry tomato soilless cultivation method comprising the three aspects of soilless cultivation medium preparation, water-fertilizer integral application, and trimming and pruning. The soilless cultivation medium adopts a coconut coir composite medium. The trimming and pruning step comprises branch arrangement, trunk reservation, vine guiding, string hanging, flower and fruit management, and plant shape maintenance. According to the invention, the coconut coir composite medium is adopted, and irrigation water amount, fertilization amount, fertilization time and the like are controlled with the water-fertilizer integration technology, such that fertilizer-water management matches the trimming and pruning manner. With the method, tomato intrinsic growth and development characteristics can be developed; and the relationship between vegetative growth and reproductive growth is coordinated. The high-yield potential is explored while quality is improved. Also, facility and cultivation management processes can be simplified; tomato cultivation water-fertilizer utilization rate can be improved. Therefore, cherry tomato yield and quality are improved, and tomato industrialization development can be promoted.

A disclosed winner antifreeze fluid for seedlings is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-80 parts of water, 15-30 parts of glycerin, 10-15 parts of fulvic acid, 10-20 parts of pentaerythritol, 7-14 parts of glucose, 2-5 parts of gibberellin, 4-8 parts of potassium hydrogen phosphate, 3-6 parts of paclobutrazol, 2-5 parts of amino acids, 2-7 parts of brassinolide, 5-10 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 3-9 parts of lentinan and 3-5 parts of an antifreezing factor. The provided winner antifreeze fluid for seedlings has functions of promoting germination, strengthening seedlings and resisting diseases, is capable of improving soil, improving rhizosphere environment of seeds and increasing soil effective microbial community, has strong pertinency on growth of seedlings, and is widely applicable to paddy rice, fruits, vegetables, cotton and other crops.

The invention relates to a special fertilizer for raising seedlings, which comprises the following active ingredients in parts by weight: 1%-15% of nitrogen, 4%-8% of phosphorus, 2%-6% of potassium, 0.5%-3% of amino acid, and 25%-25% of organic matter 35%, fulvic acid 10%~15%, effective bacteria 0.2 billion / g, rooting agent 0.1%~3%, antifreeze factor 0.1%~2% and anti-cropping agent 0.1%~3%, this kind of special fertilizer for seedlings , has the functions of promoting germination, strong seedlings, and disease resistance. It can improve the soil, improve the rhizosphere environment of seeds, increase the beneficial bacteria in the soil, improve the ability of self-generated nitrogen fixation and combined nitrogen fixation, promote the transformation of ineffective phosphorus into available phosphorus, and strengthen silicate. The ability of bacteria to decompose potassium has a strong pertinence for the growth and development of seedlings. It is widely used in seedling cultivation or fixed-position transplanting of economic crops such as rice, melons and fruits, vegetables, and cotton.

The invention relates to compound probiotics for planting kiwi fruits. The compound probiotics can be applied to soil remediation, bacterial manure fabrication, irrigation, foliar application, spraying on the ground, air atomizing sterilization and the like. Thus, the yield, the quality and the disease resistance of the kiwi fruits are improved.

The invention discloses a method for enhancing cadmium-polluted soil phytoremediation through phosphate solubilizing bacteria. The method comprises the following steps that (1) the phosphate solubilizing bacteria with the proportion being 10-50 kg for per mu of the soil are uniformly applied to cadmium-polluted soil, the soil is ploughed, base fertilizer is applied to the soil, and the soil is ploughed again; and (2) hyperaccumulators are planted in the cadmium-polluted soil, and a chelating agent with the proportion being 100-300 kg for per mu of the soil is applied to the soil 10-15 days before the hyperaccumulators are harvested. The phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the chelating agent are adopted for enhancing the phytoremediation technology, and the synergistic effect of the phosphate solubilizing bacteria and the chelating agent is sufficiently achieved; and compared with other physical and chemical remediation technologies, the method for enhancing cadmium-polluted soil phytoremediation through the phosphate solubilizing bacteria has the advantages of being low in cost, free of secondary pollution, easy to operate, good in remediation effect and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of family farming, and in particular discloses a modularized resource intensive utilization type vegetable growing machine. The modularized resource intensive utilization type vegetable growing machine mainly comprises a nutrient solution gas washing refrigeration aerator and a plurality of vertically stacked cultivation modules. The vertically stacked cultivation modules form a whole body, and the nutrient solution gas washing refrigeration aerator supplies nutrient solution and gas to the vertically stacked cultivation modules. The modularized resource intensive utilization type vegetable growing machine is simple and safe in structure, the cultivation modules are relatively independent, and form a whole body when stacked for use, thereby meeting various requirements of family farming; the heat generated by an artificial light source is directly radiated to the outside of the cultivation modules, and the nutrient solution gas washing refrigeration aerator can be used for ventilation cooling so as to quickly lower the planting temperature and improve the plant growth environment; after the temperature of used nutrient solution is lowered, the dissolved oxygen in the nutrient solution is increased, thereby providing an environment richer in oxygen for plant root systems; and an air pump provides power needed by nutrient solution circulation and gas flow while performing aeration oxygenation so as to reduce energy consumption.

The invention relates to a fertilizer, in particular to a Chinese medicinal residue biological organic fertilizer. The Chinese medicinal residue biological organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 to 75 parts of Chinese medicinal residues, 15 to 35 parts of bran, 10 to 20 parts of charcoal and 0.05 to 1 part of enzyme microorganism. The living bacteria count in the biological organic fertilizer is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million / gram, the weight percentage of organic matters is more than or equal to 45 percent, the weight ratio of total oxygen of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium is more than or equal to 5 percent, medium trace elements comprise calcium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum and the like, and nutrient elements are abundant. A preparation method is simple in operation; experiments show that by applying the Chinese medicinal residue biological organic fertilizer on the basis of conventional fertilization usage, the yield of tomatoes can be improved, diseases and insect pests are reduced, the foundation is laid for high yield of the tomatoes, and the yield increasing rate is 6.98 percent; the fertilizer disclosed by the invention is applied on the basis of the conventional fertilization usage, the yield of cucumbers can be improved to different degrees, the yield increasing rate is 7.81 percent, and the foundation is laid for high yield of the cucumbers.

The invention discloses a soil improvement agent taking sugar refinery sugarcane boiler carbon dust as a raw material. The soil improvement agent comprises 550 to 800 parts of sugarcane boiler carbondust, 200 to 450 parts of crop straw, 4 to 8 parts of a biological bacterial agent and 20 to 50 parts of turf. The preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: 1, after pulverizing the crop straw and the turf, adding rotten bacterial agents, perform fermentation at 65 DEG C for 20 days, turning the fermented materials once every 1 to 3 days, obtaining rotten materials after completely composing, and airing for future use; 2, adding the rotten materials into the sugarcane boiler carbon dust, adding the microbial bacterial agents with the beneficial function, stirring and mixing, and spraying, drying and granulating. The rich nutrients in the sugarcane boiler carbon dust are completely utilized and are compounded with the crop straw, the turf and the biological bacterial agent, the preparation process is simple and resource utilization of industrial waste is realized; in addition, the soil aggregate structure can be improved, the soil pH value can be adjusted, the soil fertilizer can be enhanced, the soil microecological environment can be harmonized, the quality of the corps can be improved, and the yield of the crops can be increased.

The invention relates to a ultra-thin base material soilless culture device in the agricultural planting technique field, comprising: tank, planting spacing base, diversion flow guiding tank, spout hole, fixation hinole for suspension line and carrying gripper, installing four planting spacing bases in the bottom of tank with the distance of each other being 40cm, installing the diversion flow guiding tank on the same horizontal level around the planting spacing base, installing the spout hole and carrying gripper on the two side of the tank on the longitudinal direction, while the fixation hole for suspension line on the crosswise direction. The consumption of the base material in the invention is small, the fertilizer and water management is simple and dose not need the nutriment assistance. The invention can reduce the thickness of base material to 6-7cm, the single-plant consumption of base material for melon crop and solanaceous vegetable can be reduced to 4-4.2 liter, the base material can be removed like carpet when the upper vine is recovered, which is facilitating for reuse.

The invention relates to a fermented jerusalem artichoke straw for soilless culture, and the fermentative jerusalem artichoke straw is prepared through the following method, wherein the method comprises the steps: 1), carrying out the natural withering of the jerusalem artichoke straw, smashing the jerusalem artichoke straw till the length is from 3 cm to 6 cm, stacking the smashed jerusalem artichoke straws, uniformly adding adjustment liquid with a leavening agent to the jerusalem artichoke straw stack, adjusting the content of water in the jerusalem artichoke straw stack to 50%-60%, and obtaining an to-be-fermented, wherein C / N is 25-35:1; 2), carrying out the fermentation of the to-be-fermented jerusalem artichoke straw stack for 45-50 days under the room temperature, and obtaining the fermented jerusalem artichoke straw. According to the invention, the fermented jerusalem artichoke straw cooperates with turf and vermiculite, thereby obtaining a soilless culture medium with the void ratio being more beneficial for the growth of vegetables, bringing a good root environment for the growth of roots. Moreover, compared with a composite medium which just contains turf and vermiculite, the medium can improve the health of vegetable seedlings, improves the anti-disease capability of the vegetable seedlings, and improving the yield.

The invention relates to a suspended groove type potato soilless culture method. The suspended groove type potato soilless culture method includes the steps of arrangement of soilless culture medium grooves, preparation of soilless culture mediums, efficient and saving type grafting and plant management, wherein the step of efficient and saving grafting comprises seedling nursery, novel scion preparation, grafting and healing cultivation; the step of plant management comprises field planting, pruning, flower and fruit management and plant shape control. By means of the soilless culture mediumgrooves, the suspended groove type potato soilless culture method can overcome the shortcomings of poor water-retaining property and difficulty in control of temperature of water and fertilizer application and give full play to the characteristics of culture mediums; by means of the efficient and saving type grafting and the supported plant management, the suspended groove type potato soilless culture method can optimize plant configuration, simplify operation of plant management and improve the utilization rate of planting space; the suspended groove type potato soilless culture method well conforms to the general trend of water and fertilizer integrated application and irrigation, enables fertilizer and water supply to meet the demands of plant growth, improves the utilization rate of water and fertilizers, gives full play to the high yield potential of potato, achieves high yield and quality and further promotes development of the potato industry.

The invention provides a GO / Mn modified corncob charcoal organic fertilizer, a preparation method and an application thereof and belongs to the technical field of fertilizers. The organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting the following raw materials: 20-30 parts of modified corncob charcoal, 25-45 parts of rotten bean cake residue, 10-15 parts of ferment residue, 10-15 parts of fishbone dust, 5-7 parts of biologic humic acid, 3-5 parts of molasses, 2-4 parts of bacillus subtilis compost leavening agent and 0.15-0.3 part of cellulase. The modified corncob charcoal is modified with graphene oxide and Mn. The rotten bean cake residue is prepared by naturally fermenting bean cake residue in rhodotorula mucilaginosa OP11 strain with preservation number of CGMCC No.13540. When the organic fertilizer is applied to corn planting, organic content of soil can be supplemented, water and nutrition can be effectively preserved and soil fertility can be promoted. The GO / Mn modified corncob charcoal organic fertilizer is an ideal organic fertilizer and is capable of achieving the effects of reducing fertilizer and preserving fertilizer.

The invention belongs to the technical field of family agriculture and particularly discloses a nutrient solution air-washing refrigerating aeration circulation device which is formed by a main nutrient solution pool, an auxiliary nutrient solution pool, a cultivation bed and guide pipes. A sealable liquid injecting opening and a sealable liquid discharging opening are formed in the top and the bottom of the main nutrient solution pool respectively, and the main nutrient solution pool is provided with a refrigerating assembly and an aerating assembly. The upper portion and the lower portion of the main nutrient solution pool convey a nutrient solution and gas to the cultivation bed through the guide pipes respectively, and gas supply valves are arranged at the connecting positions of the upper portion of the main nutrient solution pool and the guide pipes. The lower portion of the main nutrient solution pool is connected to the auxiliary nutrient solution pool through the guide pipes, and liquid check valves are installed at the connecting positions of the lower portion of the main nutrient solution pool and the guide pipes. A liquid level of the nutrient solution is preset in the cultivation bed, and the nutrient solution exceeding the liquid level is guided into the auxiliary nutrient solution pool through the guide pipes. The auxiliary nutrient solution is a container with an opening formed in the top. The lower portion submersed by the nutrient solution is connected to the main nutrient solution pool through the guide pipes. The invention further provides a using method for the device. By using the device, the nutrient solution in a family water culture device can be refrigerated, aerated and circulated in a lower-power mode.

The invention relates to a biochar based organic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a biochar based organic fertilizer special for millet and a preparation method thereof. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that existing millet fertilization can cause slow growth rate of millet, excess fertilizer application can result in environmental pollution and decline of grain eating quality. The biochar based organic fertilizer provided by the invention is composed of sheep manure, turfy soil, straw, humic acid, biochar and a microbial fermentation agent. The preparation method of the biochar based organic fertilizer provided by the invention includes: 1. fermentation; 2. mixing; 3. granulation; 4. drying; 5. cooling; 6. screening; and 7. packaging. The biochar based organic fertilizer special for millet reaches the effects of drought resistance, land cultivation, production increase, and enhancement of nutrition and eating quality, and is an optimal fertilizer source for organic cultivation of millet. The organic materials needed by the organic fertilizer provided by the invention are organic waste and are easily available, also the cost is low, the process is advanced, and the method can achieve large-scale production.

The invention discloses a pesticide-fertilizer integrated pseudo-ginseng cultivation method. According to the method, land preparation is carried out two months before pseudo-ginseng planting. A corn straw and chili pepper straw crushed mixture is applied, and a calcium cyanamide granular preparation is applied; moisture management and ridging are carried out; drip irrigation belts are added on ridge surfaces, and drip irrigation is carried out; colorless plastic films are used for covering the ridge surfaces; the film is removed, and air-drying is carried out; toxic substance detection is carried out, and pseudo-ginseng seed strips are transplanted if there is no toxic substance; a sustained-release phosphorus-potassium fertilizer and a medium-trace element fertilizer are applied around the seed strips; the ridge surfaces are covered with grasses; trichoderma water dispersible granules, bacillus subtilis wettable powder and photosynthetic bacterium soluble powder are applied with field planting water, and a microbial fertilizer is supplemented; no chemical fertilizer is applied in the first year, and conventional management is carried out in the second year. According to the invention, the ecological pollution-free fumigant calcium cyanamide is used for treating, effective fertilizer-water management is carried out, and beneficial microbial flora is supplemented in time. Harmful substance and pathogen activity in soil are removed, such that root growth speed is promoted, and a good rhizosphere environment is provided. With the method, continuous cropping of pseudo-ginseng cultivation is realized.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-efficiency environment-friendly seedling culture substrate, and belongs to the technical field of seedling culture materials. According to the method, straws and fresh cow dung are used as raw materials, and a low-temperature pyrolysis bio-carbon preparation technology is adopted to prepare the bio-carbon, so that the bio-carbon has an obvious carbon fixing effect and a promoting effect on soil fertilizer efficiency; the prepared bio-carbon has a rough surface, presents an uneven and honeycomb structure, has a developed hole structure with different hole diameters on the surface, and a part of carbon atoms form a stable lamellar graphite structure, so that the properties of the bio-carbon in application are kept relatively stable; thebio-carbon prepared by mixing the straws and the cow dung can prevent the pollution to the environment, has a good adsorption effect, and has the effect of water storage and fertilizer on the soil; according to the preparation method of the high-efficiency environment-friendly seedling culture substrate, penicillium and prepared bio-carbon are combined, high-efficiency and environment-friendly seedling culture substrate is prepared to promote the function of rhizosphere colonization and post-emergence growth promoting function of functional strains; the substrate has the advantages of high efficiency, broad spectrum, long-term, safety, no pollution and no residue.

The invention provides modified biochar, a biochar-based organic fertilizer, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizers. The preparation method of the modified biochar comprises the following steps: crushing and sieving peach wood residues; mixing the obtained peach wood residue powder with graphene oxide, and pyrolyzing the mixturefor 2-3 hours at 550-600 DEG C under the protection of nitrogen; soaking the pyrolyzed product with a potassium permanganate solution, pyrolyzing the product again for 0.4-0.6 h at 550-600 DEG C; andwater-washing the pyrolysis product to remove impurities. The biochar-based organic fertilizer is obtained by fermenting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of the modified biochar, 60-80 parts of cow dung, 15-25 parts of decomposed distiller grain, 10-20 parts of peanut shell powder, 6-8 parts of pyroligneous liquor, 4-6 parts of beet molasses, 3-5 parts of rhodotorula mucilaginosa fermenting agent and 0.08-0.12 part of compound cellulase. The biochar-based organic fertilizer has the effects of land nourishing and yield increasing. The method has the advantages of easily available raw materials, low cost and advanced process, and can implement large-scale production.

The invention relates to a ditch grass ridging, drainage and root-raising method in an apple orchard. The method comprises the following steps of: digging 4-6 radial ditches from the position being away from a trunk about 40cm to a row middle till a row middle drainage ditch before a rainy season, wherein the width and the depth of each radial ditch at the end which is close to the trunk are 20cm respectively, the width and the depth of each radial ditch at the end which is close to the drainage ditch are 40cm respectively, crop straw (which keeps the original shape and is not crushed) is placed in the ditches, one layer of straw and one layer of soil are alternately placed, and 50-100g of urea or 1000-2000g of commercial biological organic fertilizer is applied in each tree; and finally covering the redundant soil below a tree packing in the shape of a steamed bun. The occurrence of waterlogging damages of apple trees can be effectively prevented by adopting the method; and simultaneously, a root zone of each tree can be optimized, the vitality of a root system of each tree can be improved and early leaf fall can be prevented.

An organic fertilizer specially used for camellia oleifera trees and a preparation method thereof. The invention relates to fertilizers. The preparation method includes the steps of: performing steam explosion to branches and leaves of camellia oleifera to disorganize the fiber structures of the branches and leaves of camellia oleifera and promote decomposition of macro-molecular substances; and performing fermentation with oil tea cake, citric acid residue, kelp residue, bacillus subtilis, trichoderma and thermophilic actinomycete to prepare the organic fertilizer. The organic fertilizer is high in content of organic substances and amino acids, can effectively promote growth of camellia oleifera and improve rhizosphere environment of camellia oleifera, optimizes physical and chemical properties of soil and inhibit reproduction of pathogenic microorganism. Through steam explosion for clipping the branches and leaves of camellia oleifera, reasonable matching of the fermentation raw materials and control on moisture in the raw materials, the fermentation raw materials are more easy to decompose, which is beneficial to growth of microorganisms. In fermentation, the bacillus subtilis, trichoderma and thermophilic actinomycete are employed and can quickly reproduced, so that temperature of the fermentation raw materials is increased and a high-temperature microorganism flora can be quickly formed, thus accelerating decomposition of the raw materials and promoting formation of organic substances. The preparation method is suitable for producing the organic fertilizer specially used for camellia oleifera trees.

The invention discloses special fertilizer for water grass for rice-fish complex planting and breeding. The special fertilizer is prepared from the following raw material components in parts by weight: 20 to 30 parts of potassium sulfate type slow release fertilizer, 8 to 24 parts of humic acid, 18 to 25 parts of ammonium sulfate, 15 to 20 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 4 to 8 parts of diaminoferric xanthohumate, 6 to 12 parts of attapulgite, and 6 to 10 parts of composite root growth promoting agent. According to the special fertilizer for the water grass for rice-fish complex planting and breeding provided by the invention, growth characteristics and fertilizer requirement laws of the water grass for rice-fish complex planting and breeding are combined, so that accuratenutrition is provided for the water grass, the water grass can quickly grow roots and grow continuously and are promoted to grow new roots and grow new buds, the water grass is developed in root systems and robust in stems, a soil holding force of the water grass is improved, the root amount is increased, the root taking vitality of the water grass is improved, the resistance of the water grass can be also improved, and the requirements of a rice-fish industry on the water grass are met.