302results about How to "Less structural defects" patented technology

The subject invention pertains to electrochromic polymers and polymer electrochromic devices. In a specific embodiment, two complementary polymers can be matched and incorporated into dual polymer electrochromic devices. The anodically coloring polymers in accordance with the subject invention can allow control over the color, brightness, and environmental stability of an electrochromic window. In addition, high device contrast ratios, high transmittance changes, and high luminance changes can be achieved, along with half-second switching times for full color change. Also provided are electrochromic devices such as advertising signage, video monitors, stadium scoreboards, computers, announcement boards, warning systems for cell phones, warning/information systems for automobiles, greeting cards, electrochromic windows, billboards, electronic books, and electrical wiring. The subject invention also provides for the use of complementary electrochromic polymers in the manufacture of electrochromic devices. In some embodiments, the devices of the invention can be prepared using metal vapor deposition or line patterning.

The invention discloses an efficient in-situ preparation method of a graphene reinforced copper-based composite material, and relates to a method for preparing a graphene reinforced copper-based composite material and the method can be used for solving the problems of poor uniform dispersion, poor structure integrity of grapheme and complex process in the existing preparation method of the graphene reinforced copper-based composite material. The efficient in-situ preparation method of the graphene reinforced copper-based composite material comprises the following steps: putting copper powder in a plasma reinforced chemical vapor deposition vacuum device, introducing hydrogen, preserving heat at high temperature, then introducing argon and carbon source gas, depositing, stopping introducing the carbon source gas after ending the deposition, and finally, cooling below the room temperature to obtain grapheme/copper composite powder, and then primarily pressing, sintering and secondarily pressing the grapheme/copper composite powder to obtain the graphene reinforced copper-based composite material. The method is an efficient in-situ preparation method of a graphene reinforced copper-based composite material.

The invention provides a method for preparing graphene. The method includes that graphite reacts in acid solution with an oxidant to obtain the graphene. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the graphene prepared by the method is good in quality, yield is greatly increased and productivity is greatly improved as compared with a mechanical exfoliation method, an epitaxial growth method and a chemical vapor deposition method; the quality of the graphene is greatly enhanced, structural defects of the graphene are greatly reduced, and electrical conductivity of the graphene is obviously improved as compared with a solution-phase oxidation reduction method; and the preparation process is simple, conditions are mild, cost is low, and large-scale production is realized easily. In addition, the graphene prepared by the method has an extremely broad prospect in fields of lithium ion batteries, super-capacitors, functional composites, transparent conductive thin films, microelectronic devices and the like.

The invention belongs to the field of high-performance carbon materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of low-cost porous graphene. A low-cost carbon precursor and additives are adopted as raw materials, the raw materials are mixed, and low-temperature carbonization and pickling technology are adopted to prepare the porous graphene. The method has the advantages that the technology is simple, the cost is low, and industrialization popularization is easy; the obtained porous graphite is high in purity, the number of structural defects is small, and pore size distribution in uniform.

The invention provides a preparation method of a graphene lubricating additive. The preparation method comprises the following steps of adopting a biomass carbon source as a main raw material; performing high temperature carbonization to form a carbon source precursor with a porous structure; dispersing the carbon source precursor in a modified chitosan solution to improve the dispersing power of the material; shearing and peeling by a microfluidizer; crushing and breaking the carbon source by using a high-speed shearing action formed by a huge pressure gradient to form a graphene material; then stirring and mixing the graphene material with nano mircropore clay; enabling graphene to be uniformly dispersed in a micropore structure of nanoclay to improve the stability of the graphene and reduce the aggregation of the graphene; filtering and drying to obtain the graphene lubricating additive for lubricating oil. According to the graphene lubricating additive prepared by adopting a mechanical stripping method, structure defects are small; after the graphene lubricating additive is added into the lubricating oil, the graphene lubricating additive is high in dispersing power, is not easy to aggregate and good in lubricating effect; in addition, the whole preparation process has the advantages of safe and reliable process, low cost, environmental protection and significant market application value.

The invention provides a sodium-ion battery anode material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The anode material comprises doped prussian blue, wherein the prussian blue comprises a sodium element; the anode material is free of water. The preparation method of the anode material provided by the invention comprises the following steps: (1) mixing a solution A and a solution Bso as to obtain a suspension, wherein the solution A is a mixed solution of sodium ferrocyanide and sodium chloride; the solution B is a mixed solution of a doping source and a complexing agent; (2) performing solid-liquid separation on the suspension of the step (1), and collecting and drying a solid, thereby obtaining the anode material. The sodium-ion battery anode material provided by the invention has a univoltage platform, is excellent in charge and discharge property, is free of water and thus is particularly applicable to anodes of solid sodium ion batteries. The preparation method ofthe anode material provided by the invention is simple in process, low in cost and applicable to industrial application.

The invention discloses a low-cost carbon graphene sheet and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: mixing a carbon material (coal, coke, resin carbon, graphite, bamboo charcoal or active carbon) as a raw material and an additive; then preparing the graphene sheet through processes, namely vacuum carbonization, pickling, ball milling, and the like, at low cost. The graphene sheet prepared through the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of less structural defect, low preparation cost, easiness for operation, greenness, environmental protection, easiness for industrialization and outstanding economic and social benefits.

A method of production of a multilayer ceramic capacitor or other multilayer ceramic electronic device with few structural defects and improved highly accelerated life, that is, a method of production of a multilayer ceramic electronic device having a firing step of firing a stack comprised of a dielectric layer paste and an internal electrode layer paste including a base metal alternately arranged in a plurality of layers, a first annealing step of annealing, at a temperature T1 of 600 to 900° C., the stack after firing and a second annealing step of annealing, at a temperature T2 of 900 to 1200° C. (however, excluding 900° C.), the stack after said first annealing.

The invention discloses a method for numerously preparing a graphene material, which takes asphalt as a raw material and comprises the processes of preparing, pyrolyzing and carrying out carbonization. Compared with the conventional preparation of the graphene material, the method disclosed by the invention has low preparation cost, little equipment investment, simplicity for operating, no pollution, and easiness for realizing industrialization; and in addition, the purity of a product is high, the structure defect of the product is little, and the performance of the product is excellent.

The invention provides a preparation method of doped graphene and a product prepared by using the method. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) processing graphene so that the graphene has defects; and (2) annealing the graphene processed in the step (1) in an atmosphere containing a doped element. The method provided by the invention can be used for controlling the electric property of graphene, is simple and reliable and is suitable for mass production. The invention also provides the application of the doped graphene prepared by using the method.

The invention provides a lead-free high-dielectric-constant microwave dielectric ceramic material and a preparation method of the lead-free high-dielectric-constant microwave dielectric ceramic material. The lead-free high-dielectric-constant microwave dielectric ceramic material mainly comprises an xBaO yNd2O3 zTiO2 compound, a bismuth titanium compound, MTiO3, a silicon zinc compound and NB2O4. The preparation method of the material includes the steps that xBaO yNd2O3 zTiO2 is used as a main base material, the bismuth titanium compound, the MTiO3, the silicon zinc compound and the NB2O4 are used as auxiliary materials, water is used as a dispersion medium, ball-milling, drying, crushing and pelleting are conducted, pelletized powder is pressed into wafer green bodies, the wafer green bodies are heated to the temperature from1100 DEG C to 1200 DEG C in an air atmosphere and sintered for 2 h to 4 h at the temperature, and then the lead-free high-dielectric-constant microwave dielectric ceramic material is prepared. The prepared ceramic material can be used for manufacturing a monolithic ceramic capacitor with high frequency and good thermal stability, is environmentally friendly and has great market value.

The invention belongs to the field of anticorrosive coating, and particularly relates to an anticorrosive coating material with physically stripped graphene and a method for preparing the anticorrosive coating material. An anticorrosive component in the anticorrosive coating material is physically stripped graphene powder. The anticorrosive coating material comprises, by weight, 3-12 parts of the physically stripped graphene powder, 21-54 parts of matrix resin, 0.6-1.8 parts of leveling agents, 0.6-1.8 parts of defoaming agents, 0.6-1.8 parts of dispersing agents, 0.6-1.8 parts of coupling agents and 40-70 parts of solvents. The anticorrosive coating material and the method have the advantages that the physically stripped graphene is added into the anticorrosive coating material in procedures for preparing the anticorrosive coating material, accordingly, permeation of moisture and other corrosive molecules can be effectively obstructed, and physical anticorrosive effects can be realized; the physically stripped graphene is excellent in electric conductivity, accordingly, anodic reaction and corrosion of metal base materials can be effectively prevented, and electrochemical anticorrosive effects can be realized.

The invention discloses a method for preparing few-layer graphene by using an auxiliary reagent. The method specifically comprises the following steps: (a) adding graphite and the auxiliary reagent into a ball-milling tank for ball-milling; (b) adding a dispersing solvent into the mixture, and performing suction filtration on the obtained upper-layer dispersion liquid; (c) adding the dispersing solvent into the filtrate, stirring, leaving the mixture to stand, and centrifuging the upper-layer dispersion liquid twice; (d) performing suction filtration to the upper-layer suspension, and drying so as to obtain a dried product, that is, the few-layer graphene. The few-layer graphene obtained by using the method disclosed by the invention is complete in plane structure, small in structural defects and relatively high in conductivity, heat conduction and mechanical property, and meanwhile the reagents used in the method are all ordinary chemical reagents, so that the method is simple to operate and easy to popularize and use.

The invention provides a method adopting a liquid phase stripping method to prepare grapheme, which comprises steps: 1 sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid ethanol solution in a certain concentration is prepared; 2 expanded graphite is screened; 3 the expanded graphite after being screened are dissolved into the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid ethanol solution which is prepared in the step 1 by being stirred through magnetic force; 4 the expanded graphite which is prepared in the step 3 is treated for 5mins through microwaves; 5 the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid ethanol solution which is treated through the microwaves is peeled through ultrasound in ice bath conditions; and 6 the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid ethanol solution which is treated through the ultrasound is statically placed for 24h, thereby obtaining graphene samples after centrifugal and dialysis treatment. The grapheme is extremely thin in layers through pattern analysis and structural analysis, smaller than 10 in layer number, small in structural defect and excellent in conductivity.

The invention discloses a temperature gradient controlled mass concrete for bridges. The mass concrete comprises an inner layer of low-temperature rise anti-crack concrete I, a middle layer of low-temperature rise anti-crack concrete II and an outer layer of high-tenacity high-crack resistance concrete from the inside to the outside. According to the mass concrete disclosed by the invention, under combination of the low-temperature rise anti-crack concrete (the inner layer of low-temperature rise anti-crack concrete I and the middle layer of low-temperature rise anti-crack concrete II) and the high-tenacity high-crack resistance concrete structure, hydration heat of cementing materials on various layers is respectively absorbed through the characteristics of a high phase-transition temperature of a composite temperature control material in the inner layer of low-temperature rise anti-crack concrete and a low phase-transition temperature of a composite temperature control material in the middle layer of low-temperature rise anti-crack concrete; the inside and the middle temperatures of the concrete are lowered; meanwhile, different thicknesses and layout forms of two concrete materials are optimized and designed; reduction of the temperature difference between the layers is achieved; the overall temperature stress level is reduced; the technical problem of crack of the mass concrete widely existing in bridge engineering can be effectively solved; and the temperature gradient controlled mass concrete for the bridges is applicable to popularization and application.

Disclosed is a plasma processing apparatus, wherein a plasma-generating electrode has a plurality of gas exhaust holes which run through the plasma-generating electrode from the surface facing a substrate held by a substrate-holding mechanism, and reach a gas exhaust chamber; gas-feeding pipes, provided connected to a gas-introducing pipe, have gas-feeding ports for discharging source gas toward the inside of the plurality of gas exhaust holes; and the gas-feeding pipes and the gas-feeding ports are arranged in a manner such that extended lines, representing the direction of the flow of the source gas discharged from the gas-feeding ports, intersect the end surface open regions at the interface of the gas exhaust chamber to the gas exhaust holes. Also disclosed is a method of producing the amorphous silicon thin film using the plasma processing apparatus.

The invention discloses preparation of cellulose carbamate and a low-temperature dissolution spinning method of the cellulose carbamate. The method comprises the following steps: adding cellulose into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring uniformly, immersing, taking out the cellulose, washing with water to a neutral state to obtain alkalified cellulose, adding urea, stirring uniformly, putting in a drying oven, heating, reacting and drying to obtain the cellulose carbamate; pulverizing the cellulose carbamate into powder, adding the powder into a mixing kettle, adding double solvents of sodium hydroxide, thiocarbamide and deionized water, and stirring uniformly; and carrying out extrusion, deaeration and filtration on the raw material in the mixing kettle, spraying by spinneret orifices of a spinneret, sequentially sending into a first coagulation bath and a second coagulation bath to obtain a solid, washing with water in a water tank, and carrying out stretching and winding by a spinning component to obtain the cellulose carbamate fiber. The method is suitable for preparing the cellulose carbamate by an industrialized large-scale production process route, and has important meanings for implementing low-temperature dissolution spinning engineering and industrialized production of cellulose.

The invention discloses a concrete gel material which comprises cement and silica solution. The invention further discloses a high-performance concrete for tunnel prepared through the concrete gel material provided by the invention. The high-performance concrete is suitable to be applied to injecting concrete, moulding concrete and others. Through the adoption of the concrete gel material or the high-performance concrete for the tunnel provided by the invention for injecting the concrete, the rebound ratio can be effectively reduced and even reduced to 4.1% to the minimum; and the concrete gel material or the high-performance concrete is good in working performance; the obtained concrete finished product is high in early strength, and good in freezing resistance; the waterproof performance and the wearable performance are improved; the quantity of used cement can be reduced; the carbon emission can be reduced; and good economic benefit and environment-friendly benefit are brought.