The invention provides a preparation method of a polylactic acid-based suture line. The preparation method comprises the following steps of feeding polylactic acid, poly butylene carbonate, polycaprolactone, cyclodextrin, phenylalanine, silver carbonate, copper sulphide, magnesium chloride, povidone iodine, polyvinyl alcohol, dopamine hydrochloride, diethylene glycol adipate, thiolated chitosan, fucoidin, chlorhexidine digluconate, urea, acyclovir, sodium alginate and Vitamin K3 into a blender mixer, and mixing materials; feeding the mixture into a twin-screw extruder, and performing squeezing granulation; heating for melting, defoaming, and sequentially performing stretching twice by use of a spinneret plate; and finally performing sterilization and package, thereby obtaining polylactic acid-based suture line. The suture line prepared by the invention is high in anti-bacterial ratio and good in mechanical property, ensures that the healing time is shortened to 7-10, and is capable of accelerating wound healing; after a patient is healed, the suture line is completely absorbed, and no scar is generated on the healed surface, the comprehensive property is excellent, and the polylactic acid-based suture line can meet the application requirements of clinical medicine.