The invention discloses a preparation method of high-performance carbonized reinforced concrete, and the method comprises the following steps: mixing steel slag, a hydraulic cementing material, a carbonized reinforced phase and quartz sand, adding water and a water reducing agent, stirring, and carrying out casting molding on the stirred slurry; sealing and maintaining the molded product for 12-24hours, removing a mold, and carrying out drying pretreatment; and putting the dried product into a carbonization kettle with a CO2 atmosphere and an air pressure of 0.1-0.5 MPa, and carrying out carbonization maintenance for 12-24 hours to obtain a steel slag product. The high-performance carbonized reinforced concrete prepared by the invention has excellent working performance; the hydrated andcarbonized synergistic effect of the hydraulic cementing material and the steel slag is fully utilized, the compressive strength can reach 100 MPa within a short time, meanwhile, the utilization rateof the steel slag is remarkably increased, a large amount of CO2 can be solidified and stored, huge environmental benefits are achieved, development of green building materials is facilitated, and a sustainable development road is achieved.