The invention relates to a surface cleaning method and a cleaning device of sheet metal. The method comprises the steps of cleaning and removing oil from the sheet metal, performing mechanical derusting treatment, immersing the sheet metal in surface treatment liquid, heating to 80-90 DEG C, treating the sheet metal for 30-40min, flushing the sheet metal for 0.5-1min with deionized water, neutralizing the flushed sheet metal immediately, immersing the sheet metal in a 0.5% sodium carbonate aqueous solution for 5min, performing passivating treatment, immersing the sheet metal in purified liquid, heating to 80-90 DEG C for 5-10min, flushing the sheet metal with the deionized water, wiping up the surface of the sheet metal, and then performing oil seal treatment. At the same time, the invention further discloses the cleaning device for the mechanical derusting treatment of the surface of the sheet metal. Rusty spots on the surface of the sheet metal can be effectively removed by the cleaning method; micro scratches generated by the mechanical derusting treatment are treated; and at the same time, the method has no influence on the size, shape, surface roughness, luster and the like ofthe sheet metal.