The invention belongs to the technical field of livestock breeding and in particular relates to a lying bed filling material for a cow calving pen. The filling material is prepared from, in parts by weight, 18-22 parts of mugwort leaf powder, 14-16 parts of moxa stick ash, 4.5-5.5 parts of fresh ginger, 4.5-5.5 parts of pollen typhae with staminate flowers, 4.5-5.5 parts of dandelion, 4.5-5.5 parts of forsythia suspense, 4.5-5.5 parts of leonurus, 4.5-5.5 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 4.5-5.5 parts of corn silk, 4.5-5.5 parts of loofah sponge, 9-11 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 4.5-5.5 parts of atractylodes macrocephala and 9-11 parts of impatiens balsamina. The invention also provides a lying bed mattress for a cow calving pen, which is prepared by using the filling material. The lying bed filling materials can achieve the effects of diminishing swelling, eliminating stagnation, promoting blood circulation, arresting bleeding, resisting inflammation, killing bacteria, stimulating menstrual flow, promoting lactation, tonifying qi and reinforcing deficiency, and can achieve a remarkable preventing and curing effect on cow breast and hoof diseases; the lying bed filling material is low in price; the lying bed mattress made of the lying bed filling material accords with the concepts of circular economy and environmental protection and is good in water absorption and heat retention.