37results about How to "Lower reaction temperature" patented technology

The invention relates to a phosphate cement based patching material and a preparation method thereof. The patching material is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight: 100 parts of magnesium phosphate cement, 20 to 40 parts of mineral admixtures, 120 to 140 parts of fine aggregates, 0.5 to 1 part of water glass, 0.5 to 1 part of fiber and 20 to 30 parts of water. The preparation method is characterized in that the raw materials are proportionally weighed; magnesium oxide, monopotassium phosphate and composite retarders are firstly stirred and mixed; then, the magnesium phosphate cement is obtained; then, the mineral admixtures and the fine aggregates are added; after uniform stirring, the water glass, the fiber and the water are added; stirring is performed for 3 to 4 minutes by a stirring machine; the phosphate cement based patching material is obtained. The prepared phosphate cement based patching material by the invention has the advantages that the coagulation time is about 30 minutes; the restoration time is short; the construction is not influenced; the restoration effect is obvious; the application requirement of fast patching the damaged road surface is met; the phosphate cement based patching material is applicable to fast restoration projects of cement concrete pavements.

The invention provides methods for the combustion synthesis (CS) of graphene by a novel exothermic self-sustained reaction between a refractory ceramic compound and a carbon-containing polymer under an inert gas atmosphere. The synthesis of graphene was confirmed by both transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The graphene produced has very low (<1 wt. %) oxygen content. Fluorocarbon gases released due to decomposition of the carbon-containing polymer in the combustion wave can reduce the ceramic to a gas and mesoporous carbon particles and graphene layers. The method does not require an external energy source because it occurs in a self-sustained synergetic manner after ignition. The methods are flexible in terms of tuning the synthesis conditions for desired products, and the method can be scaled to provide kilogram quantities.

A process for producing chlorine by oxidizing hydrogen chloride with oxygen. The process uses various supported ruthenium catalysts or a catalyst system containing (A) an active component of a catalyst and (B) a compound having thermal conductivity of a solid phase measured by at least one point within a range from 200 to 500° C. of not less than 4 W/m. ° C.

An ammonia converter system and method are disclosed. The reactor can alter the conversion of ammonia by controlling the reaction temperature of the exothermic reaction along the length of the reactor to parallel the equilibrium curve for the desired product. The reactor 100 can comprise a shell 101 and internal catalyst tubes 109. The feed gas stream enters the reactor, flows through the shell 101, and is heated by indirect heat exchange with the catalyst tubes 109. The catalyst tubes 109 comprise reactive zones 122 having catalyst and reaction limited zones 124 that can comprise inert devices that function to both separate the reactive zones, increase heat transfer area, and reduce the temperature of the reaction mixture as the effluent passes through the catalyst tube 109.

A prepolymer blend for a thermosetting polyurethane material that allows for control of the reaction time is disclosed herein. The prepolymer blend is preferably composed of a polyurethane prepolymer and dimethyl methylphosphonate. The thermosetting polyurethane is preferably utilized as a cover for a golf ball. The cover is preferably formed over a core and boundary layer.

A process of the present invention for producing a hydrotreated gas oil has a step for obtaining a product oil having a total aromatic content of 3% by volume or less by hydrogenating a hydrotreated oil including 95% by volume or more of fraction having a boiling point range of 150-380° C., a sulfur content of 2-15 ppm by mass, a total aromatic content of 10-25% by volume, and a naphthene of 20-60% by volume in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst; and a step for obtaining, by hydrogenating the above-described product oil in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst containing a crystalline molecular sieve component, a product oil satisfying the conditions that the content of petroleum fraction having a boiling point range of lower than 150° C. is 16% by volume or less, and the sum of the total aromatic content and the total naphthene content is 80% or less relative to the sum of these in the hydrotreated oil.

The invention discloses an aromatization catalyst and applications thereof, and aims at solving the problems such as low yield of benzene and mixed xylene in the liquid outcomes and the like during the existing hydrocarbon aromatization reaction. The catalyst comprises the following components by weight percentage of 30-90wt% of molecular sieves, 0-60wt% of carriers and 10-20 wt% of adhesives, wherein the molecular sieves are mixtures of a molecular sieve I, a molecular sieve II, a molecular sieve III and a molecular sieve IV; the molecular sieve I is at least one modified HZSM-5 molecular sieve out of modified elements zinc, gallium and lanthanum; the molecular sieve II is at least one modified HZSM-5 molecular sieve out of modified elements bismuth, molybdenum, silver, copper, zirconiumand rhenium; the molecular sieve III is the HZSM-5 molecular sieve formed by modifying polysiloxane; and the molecular sieve IV is a modified hydrogenated mercerization type molecular sieve, a modified hydrogenated Beta-type molecular sieve, a hydrogenated ZSM-11 molecular sieve and a hydrogenated MCM-22 molecular or mixtures thereof.

A mixed metal oxide catalytic system consisting of molybdenum, vanadium, palladium, lanthanum, niobium and X, wherein X is copper and/or chromium, providing higher yields of acrylic acid and acrolein in the low temperature oxidation of propylene with a molecular oxygen-containing gas without the production of side products such as CO.

A conventional method for forming an insulating film on a magnet has a difficulty in achieving sufficient improvement in magnetic characteristics due to nonuniformity of a coating film, and an extended time and higher temperature which are required in a thermal treatment. In order to solve the problems, the present invention provides a treating solution composed of an alcohol based solvent and a rare earth fluoride or alkaline earth metal fluoride dispersing in the solvent. In the treating solution, at least one X-ray diffraction peak has a half-value width larger than 1°. The present invention also provides a method for forming an insulating film using the treating solution.

From a viewpoint of reduction in an out of spec product after surface crosslinking, particularly, when an alkylene carbonate compound is used as a surface crosslinking agent, influence by an air temperature is great, and it is necessary to reduce ethylene glycol which is produced as a byproduct, and there is provided a process for producing a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resin powder, comprising

• • a step of polymerizing an aqueous acrylic acid (salt)-based monomer solution,
  • a step of drying the resulting polymer,
  • an optional grinding•classifying step, and
  • a surface crosslinking step,
  • wherein in the surface crosslinking step,
  • (1) a surface crosslinking agent containing an alkylene carbonate compound and a polyhydric alcohol compound is mixed into a water absorbent resin powder, the mixture is heat-reacted and, further, simultaneously with, or separately from the mixing, an ion reactive surface crosslinking agent is mixed, and/or
  • (2) mixing treatment of mixing a surface crosslinking agent solution into a water absorbent resin powder containing at least one or more kinds of ion reactive surface crosslinking agents is performed two or more times.

The present disclosure provides a reactor for at least two liquid materials, comprising an enclosed reactor housing; a feeding tube having liquid material inlets for receiving corresponding liquid materials respectively; a distribution tube communicating with the feeding tube and extending into the reactor housing, the distribution tube being provided with a plurality of distribution holes in the region thereof extending into the reactor housing; a rotating bed in form of a hollow cylinder, which is disposed in the reactor housing via a fixing mechanism, thus dividing inner cavity of the reactor housing into a central area and an outer area, the rotating bed being capable of rotating driven by a driving mechanism; and a material outlet provided in a lower portion of the reactor housing for outputting product after reaction. The distribution tube extends into the central area spaced from inner surface of the rotating bed, so that materials can enter into the outer area from the central area through the rotating bed and can be output via the material outlet.

A simplified process for preparing polyolefins from saturated hydrocarbons is provided. The process involves partial and selective dehydrogenation of a saturated hydrocarbon in the presence of oxygen to form an olefin, unreacted hydrocarbon, and water, and optionally other by-products and oxygen. The water, other by-products (if present), and oxygen (if present) are separated from the olefin and unreacted hydrocarbon. No other separation is performed. The olefin and unreacted hydrocarbon are polymerized in the presence a polymerization catalyst or initiator to make polyolefin. Solid polyolefin is separated from unreacted hydrocarbon, which is recycled to the dehydrogenation reaction.

In one embodiment of the invention, the silane and hydrogen (and inert gas) mixture is produced using catalytic gasification of silicon (or si-containing compounds including silicon alloys) with a hydrogen source such as hydrogen gas, atomic hydrogen and proton. By not separating silane from hydrogen and co-purifying all the gases (silane and hydrogen, inert gas) in the gas mixture simultaneously, the mixture is co-purified and then provide feed stock for downstream application without further diluting the silane gas. One aspect of the invention addresses the need for an improved production method, apparatus and composition for silane gas mixtures for large scale low cost manufacturing of high purity silicon and distributed on-site turnkey applications including but not limited to the manufacture of semiconductor integrated circuits, photovoltaic solar cells, LCD-flat panels and other electronic devices. Thus, various embodiments of the invention can greatly reduce the cost and simplify the process of manufacturing silicon.

In one example, we describe a type of plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition equipment including: fluidly connected plasma generation chamber, diffusion chamber, reaction chamber, and pumping chamber, wherein the plasma generation chamber includes a plasma generation gas inlet and a plasma generation device that enables the generation of plasma from the plasma generation gas coming from the plasma generation gas inlet. A precursor inlet is disposed between the plasma generation chamber and the diffusion chamber. Precursors coming from the precursor inlet and generated plasma diffuse uniformly inside the diffusion chamber. A sample stage, for the placement of sample to be deposited on, is disposed inside the reaction chamber. The pumping chamber is sequentially connected to an exhaust trap and pumping system. The equipment has enabled high quality atomic layer thin film deposition.

An apparatus and method of producing methanol includes reacting a heated hydrocarbon-containing gas and an oxygen-containing gas in a reactor; to provide a product stream comprising methanol; and transferring heat from the product stream to the hydrocarbon-containing gas to heat the hydrocarbon containing gas. After removing methanol and CO₂ from the product stream, unprocessed hydrocarbons are mixed with the hydrocarbon containing gas fro reprocessing through the reactor.

The present patent application discloses a method of producing nano-porous carbon, comprising mixing furfuryl alcohol or its fast-polymerizing derivatives with an aluminum-based solid polymerization catalyst, heating the mixture until a solid catalyst-carbon matrix forms, heating again under inert atmosphere and etching the powder to remove the matrix to produce a network of pores in the nano-porous carbon. The application further provides a method for making of fabricating tailor-made nano-porous carbon electrodes.

In industrial scale production of acrolen and/or acrylic acid by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of propylene or a propylene-containing gas with molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas or in industrial scale production of acrylic acid by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of acrolein or an acrolein-containing gas with molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas, this invention provides a process characterized in that the initial stage operation is carried out under advancedly elevated reaction temperature and thereafter the reaction temperature is lowered to carry out the steady state operation. According to this process, acrolein and/or acrylic acid can be produced in high yield stably over prolonged period.

Silicate luminous material and preparation method thereof are provided. The luminous material is represented by the following chemical formula: Zn_2−xSiO₄:Mn_x@SiO₂@M_y, wherein M represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ag, Au, Pt, Pd and Cu, and y is molar ratio of M to Si in silicate luminous materials, and 0<x≦0.2, 0<y≦1×10⁻². @ is coating; M is inner core; SiO₂ is middle shell; Zn_2−xSiO₄:Mn_x is outer shell. The core-shell luminous materials coating metal particle improve internal quantum efficiency, increase luminous intensity, and they are stable. The luminous materials can be controlled in the aspects of size and appearance and are appropriate to be used in coating screen process and improving display effect for sphere appearance with bulk density. Precipitation methods can not only decrease reaction temperature, but also have features of simple process, low equipment requirement, non-pollution and are controlled easily.

A method produces a fatty acid alkylester by transesterification of a fat or oil and an alcohol. The reaction is catalysed by a heterogeneous catalyst immobilised in a tubular reactor at a temperature between 260 and 420° C. and at a pressure higher than 5 bar. A mixture of the fat or oil and the alcohol is led in a continuous flow through the tubular reactor. The catalyst is preferably a metal oxide or a metal carbonate including an alkaline earth metal. The reaction takes place at reduced residence times and contact times compared to the prior art.

An online continuous flow production process for directly preparing organic peroxides by using hydrogen peroxide as a raw material. This production process uses hydrogen peroxide, catalyst, and an oxidation substrate as a raw material. Substrate will be turned to designated peroxides sequentially through oxidation and workup. This process is performed in a plug-and-produce integrated continuous flow reactor, and the raw materials are continuously fed to the reactor. So, specified peroxide can be continuously obtained at the outlet of the plug-and-produce integrated continuous flow reactor.

The present invention relates to the preparation of trifluoroethylene (VF₃ or TrFE) by hydrogenolysis of chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) in the gaseous phase over a group VIII metal catalyst deposited on a support. This method can be used to obtain VF₃ in an economical manner in conditions which minimize the risk of explosion of this molecule. Using a catalyst containing a group VIII metal and, more specifically, containing Pd deposited on a support and a specific series of steps of separation and purification makes it possible to obtain excellent CTFE conversion rates and high selectivity in VF₃ at atmospheric pressure and at low temperatures.

Provided is a method for preparing a pregabalin intermediate 3-isobutylglutaric acid monoamide. The method comprises: 1) adding 3-isobutylglutaric acid and urea into a first organic solvent; 2) keeping warm and refluxing when heated to 100-140° C.; 3) adding water when cooled to 70-90° C.; 4) adding an ion membrane alkaline when cooled to 40-60° C., adjusting the pH to 11.0-14.0, then keeping warm at 40-60° C.; 5) when finished keeping warm, removing an organic layer; 6) adding an acid into the water layer to adjust the pH to 1.0-3.0; 7) extracting the solution acquired in step 6) by using a second organic solvent of a total volume of V, vacuum distilling 0.5-0.6 V of the organic solvent from an organic layer acquired by extraction; and 8) cooling to 0-15° C. and crystallizing to acquire 3-isobutylglutaric acid monoamide.

The present invention provides a fatty glyceride preparation method, comprising converting fatty acid short-chain alcohol ester into fatty glyceride basic mixture by sequentially carrying out a normal-pressure reaction and a vacuum reaction in the nitrogen condition in the temperature of 80° C. to 150° C.; and meanwhile adding a basic catalyst and glycerin or adding a basic catalyst and a glycerin derivative into the fatty acid short-chain alcohol ester, so as to implement a conversion from the fatty acid short-chain alcohol ester to the fatty glyceride. Conditions of the preparation method are relatively moderate, and the structure of the fatty acid is not damaged in the reactions; the yield of the glyceride is high, compositions of the glyceride are stable and controllable, glyceride products having a high content of triacylglycerol can be obtained; the process is simple, costs are low, and the fatty glyceride is applicable to industrial production.

A luminescent material and a preparation method thereof are provided. The said luminescent material is represented by the following chemical formula: Ln₂₋Eu_xSn₂O₇, wherein Ln is selected from one of Gd, Y and La, 0.1≦x≦1.5. The said luminescent material has good electrical performance, anti-electron bombardment and stable luminescent property. It is appropriate to be used in field emission light-emitting devices. The said preparation method has simple technique, no pollution, manageable process conditions, low preparation temperature and low equipment requirement, and is beneficial to industry production.

This invention concerns a process for the production of vinyl esters of carboxylic acids with 3 to 20 carbon atoms, via vinylation in the presence of palladium (Pd) catalyst in combination with copper (Cu) as co-catalyst stabilized by organic salts in the presence of ethylene and air or oxygen.

Compounds containing carbon-carbon double bonds and/or carbon-carbon triple bonds are hydrosilylated with linear organopolysiloxanes having diorganosiloxy units and Si—H groups, produced by reacting diorganodichlorosilanes and monochlorosilanes and optionally dichlorosilanes with water in a first step, where at least one of the monochlorosilanes or dichlorosilanes contain Si—H groups to give a partial hydrolysate and gaseous hydrogen chloride, and in a second step, treating the partial hydrolysate with water to remove SiCl groups still present to form hydrochloric acid, and producing a hydrolysate containing the organopolysiloxanes.