94results about How to "The preprocessing method is simple" patented technology

The invention relates to improvement on an imidacloprid pesticide wastewater treatment method. The imidacloprid pesticide wastewater treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: performing physical and chemical pretreatment, namely performing chemical phosphorus removal and ferrum-carbon (Fe-C) micro-electrolysis sequentially and then performing Fenton oxidation and catalytic oxidation respectively; and performing biochemical treatment, namely performing aerobic biochemical treatment in the presence of salt-tolerant aerobic bacteria. By the imidacloprid pesticide wastewater treatment method, the total physical and chemical treatment effect is greatly improved; physical and chemical pretreatment can be performed at normal temperature and normal pressure; organic matters difficult to biochemically degrade is degraded and the biochemical property of the wastewater is improved under the condition of low cost; the dilution factor of the wastewater is greatly reduced; and the using amount of diluting water is reduced by 50 to 80 percent, so that the treatment is more economic. The imidacloprid pesticide wastewater treatment method is simple in pretreatment method, mild and stable in process reaction condition, simple in operation (for example, the catalytic oxidation can be performed at normal temperature and normal pressure and a catalyst can be recycled), low in operating cost, good in treatment effect, low in the using amount of the diluting water during the subsequent biochemical treatment and low in total treatment cost, and the water from the biochemical treatment can reach a national level 1 of discharge standard.

The invention discloses a preparation method of using carbide slag to produce different micro-and ultra-fine calcium carbonate of various crystal forms, belonging to the calcium carbonate. The method comprises four steps: the first step is the pretreatment of the carbide slag; the second step is the preparation of the calcium chloride solution; the third step is the metathesis reaction for the preparation of micro-and ultra-fine calcium carbonate; the fourth step is to filter and dry. The preparation method has the advantages that (1) the problem of environmental pollution brought by the emission of the carbide slag is solved; (2) since NH4C is not used for the preparation of calcium carbonate, the problem of environmental pollution caused by the NH3 is solved; (3) using HCI to react with carbide slag makes Ca(OH)2 in the carbide slag and CaCO3 generated after the carbonation of carbide slag by air both transfer into CaCl2, improving the recovery rate of the carbide slag; (4) adopting the method of mixing directly the carbide slag and water and preparing the mixture into slurry, instead of traditional drying or high-temperature calcinations pretreatment, reduces the energy consumption in the pretreatment of the carbide slag. The preparation method is suitable for the enterprises using large amount of calcium carbide, in particular to the chloral-alkali enterprises with the PVC production line.

The invention relates to a new process for fixing carbon dioxide and in particular relates to a new method for absorbing carbon dioxide with low concentration by using alkaline wastes. The new process comprises the steps of mixing the alkaline wastes with a certain weight of water, then adding ammonium chloride solution for dissolution to prepare calcium chloride solution and filling CO2 to generate calcium carbonate precipitates. CO2 in the low concentration range can be absorbed by controlling the gas flow rate and the reaction temperature, so that the limitation that CO2 with concentration being more than 30% (volume ratio) can be only absorbed by the traditional methods is overcome, thus achieving complete absorption and near-zero emission of CO2. The process avoids new waste generation when being used for fixing carbon dioxide and meets the requirements of cyclic economy and low-carbon economy.

The invention relates to a second-order mass spectrometric detection method for bisphenol substances in a water environment, and belongs to the field of bisphenol substance detection. The problems that an existing analysis method for bisphenol pollutants is low in accuracy and precision due to interference of a natural water body matrix are solved. According to the second-order mass spectrometric detection method for the bisphenol substances in the water environment, an HLB column is adopted for solid-phase extraction, an amino column is purified, a full scanning mode is selected and used for qualitative and quantitative detection, all target objects used in a sample can be detected out at the same time by means of the mode, the mode is used for analyzing trace substances in a complex matrix, and for each substance, only one or two specific pairs of parent ions and daughter ions are selected to be detected. Matrix interference can be effectively removed, and sensitivity of detection and accuracy of qualitation and quantitation are improved.

The invention relates to a screen image quality evaluation method based on sparse representation, comprising the following steps: first, calculating three kinds of gradient maps of distorted screen images, including absolute gradient maps, relative gradient patterns and relative gradient maps; Step 2: extracting the texture features of the screen image, and extracting the gradient direction histogram features from the absolute gradient image, the relative gradient direction image and the relative gradient image obtained in step 2. constructing a learning dictionary; performing sparse representation of the feature vector of the test screen image. Step 5: a pooling stage of mass fraction. The screen image quality evaluation method provided by the invention accurately predicts the quality fraction after the screen image is distorted by using the image second-order partial derivative information and the sparse representation.

The invention provides a data driving based modeling and control method of a thermal power generating unit. According to the real-time running data of the unit, firstly, variables which have direct influences on a system model are selected as input and output variables of a system, and a data pretreatment method is determined; the model of the thermal power generating unit is identified by utilizing a subspace identification algorithm, so as to obtain discrete models of the thermal power generating unit, and the discrete models are combined, so as to obtain an overall model of the thermal power generating unit; and afterwards, the thermal power generating unit is controlled by utilizing a model predictive control method, so that quite good control performance is reached, and the load regulation ability of the thermal power generating unit is predicted, and the effect of quite well guiding the production scheduling of a thermal power plant is achieved.

The invention relates to a full-reference virtual-reality video quality evaluation method based on convolutional neural networks. The method comprises the steps that video preprocessing is conducted,wherein VR differential videos are obtained by means of a left view video and a right view video of a VR video, frames are uniformly extracted from the differential videos, each frame is cut into blocks in a non-overlapping mode, and a VR video patch is formed by the video blocks at the same location of each frame; two convolutional neural network models with the same configuration are built; theconvolutional neural network models are trained, wherein by means of a gradient descent method and by taking the VR video patches as the input, each patch is accompanied by an original video quality score to serve as a tag, the tags are input to the networks in batches, the weights of various layers of the networks are fully optimized after multiple times of iteration, and finally the convolutional neural network models capable of being used for extracting virtual-reality video features are obtained; the features are extracted by means of the convolutional neural networks; and local scores areobtained by means of a support vector machine, and a final score is obtained by adopting a score fusion strategy. According to the full-reference virtual-reality video quality evaluation method, theaccuracy rate of an objective evaluation method is increased.

The invention provides a method for identifying HPLC fingerprints for protecting ginseng of origin, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: A, establishing liquid phase chromatograph fingerprints of the ginseng of origin, namely using the ginseng in the same habitat as a standard, analyzing the ginseng by liquid phase chromatograph and establishing fingerprints; and B, detecting a sample, namely taking a ginseng sample to be detected, detecting the sample under the same conditions as the standard respectively to obtain a spectrogram of the detected sample, and analyzing the fingerprints of the detected sample and the standard by a direct observational method or fingerprints software as qualitative basis. The method has simple pretreatment for fingerprints of the ginseng medicinal material established by adopting the liquid phase chromatograph, multiple peak numbers and better separation degree, therefore, contents of main chemical compositions of the ginseng medicinal material have large difference caused by different growing geographic environments and climates. The HPLC fingerprints of the ginseng can provide reference for distinguishing high-end ginseng health-care products from origin places and non-origin places, and provide reference for establishing fingerprints of other traditional Chinese medicinal materials. The research of methodology shows that all the precision, the stability and the repeatability have better application prospect.

This invention discloses a high-efficiency liquid phase chromatography detection method for PDE-5 inhibitor in Chinese patent drug, health food and food. Diode array detector is adopted, and octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica is used as liquid phase chromatographic column of filling agent; the mobile phase is phosphoric acid triethylamine solution-methanol-acetonitrile system; the flow rate is 0.5 to 1.5 ml / min; the column temperature is 20 to 50 degrees centigrade; the pre-process of the sample uses acetonitrile or methanol for ultrasonic extraction; the sample is analyzed in the wavelength range from 200 mm to 400 mm. This invention has simple pre-process method, high accuracy, good specificity, short analysis cycle and wide detection concentration range; one analysis can detect eleven kinds of PDE-5 inhibitors; the invention is applied to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze PDE-5 inhibitor in Chinese patent drug, health food and food, which can greatly improve detection efficiency, save detection cost and meet the daily monitoring and detecting requirement.

The invention provides a method for measuring the content of an SBS modifier in SBS modified asphalt. The method comprises the following steps: preprocessing infrared spectral data of modified asphaltstandard samples with known gradient SBS contents, then substituting a training set into an artificial neural network program for training, establishing a regression model of infrared spectra and SBScontents of the modified asphalt standard samples, and then substituting similarly data-preprocessed spectral data of a modified asphalt sample to be tested, as a testing set, into the regression model to obtain a predicted value of the SBS content of the modified asphalt sample to be tested, wherein infrared spectral data preprocessing comprises wavelength selection, background subtraction, baseline correction, abnormal data rejection, unit variance processing and the like, and a nonlinear regression problem can be effectively solved through full spectral information. By the method, an erroris small, the accuracy is high, the reproducibility is good, the stability is high, the required sample amount is small, the preprocessing method is simple, and the SBS content of the modified asphalt can be quickly and effectively measured.

The invention discloses a preparation method of sucrose ester, which belongs to the technical field of non-ionic surfactants. The method comprises the following steps of: removing a small amount of water and free fatty acids out of fatty acid methyl ester at first, and then adding a solid catalyst in the water-removed fatty acid methyl ester, mixing uniformly and adding sucrose in a certain ratio. In the existing industrial preparation of sucrose ester, an alkali metal hydroxide is commonly used as a catalyst, and subsequent product purification steps are cumbersome, and lots of wastewater is generated; however, according to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, a common industrial alkaline earth metal oxide is used as the solid catalyst, the reaction conditions are moderate, and the solid catalyst is not left in the product, can be repeatedly utilized and is environment-friendly and thus cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a preparation method of sucrose ester, which belongs to the technical field of non-ionic surfactants. The method comprises the following steps of: removing a small amount of water and free fatty acids out of fatty acid methyl ester at first, and then adding a solid catalyst in the water-removed fatty acid methyl ester, mixing uniformly and adding sucrose in a certain ratio. In the existing industrial preparation of sucrose ester, an alkali metal hydroxide is commonly used as a catalyst, and subsequent product purification steps are cumbersome, and lots of wastewater is generated; however, according to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, a common industrial alkaline earth metal oxide is used as the solid catalyst, the reaction conditions are moderate, and the solid catalyst is not left in the product, can be repeatedly utilized and is environment-friendly and thus cost is reduced.

The invention proposes a method for preprocessing screen printing carbon electrodes, which is characterized in that the method comprises a chemical treatment method and a treatment method which combines chemistry and electrochemistry, wherein the chemical treatment method comprises: dipping the screen printing carbon electrodes into strong alkaline solution with high concentration for certain time, while the treatment method which combines the chemistry and the electrochemistry comprises: dipping the screen printing carbon electrodes into strong alkaline solution with high concentration and then activating the electrodes which is dipped with constant potential in alkaline solution with low concentration. Compared with other methods for preprocessing the printing carbon electrodes, the reversibility of electrode and electron transfer rate are prominently intensified after processing by the method for preprocessing which is adopted by the invention, the charge-transfer resistance is greatly reduced, the active area of the electrodes is increased by more than ten times, simultaneously, the response to small biological molecules (such as dopamine) is enlarged by more than thousands of times. The method for preprocessing is simple, operations are convenient, and reagent which is used is very cheap and easy to obtain.

The invention discloses a pretreatment method of rubber ingredient production wastewater. The rubber ingredient production wastewater is M wastewater, DM wastewater and CBS wastewater. A liquid film separation technique is utilized to pretreat the M wastewater, a complex extraction technique is utilized to pretreat the DM wastewater, and a liquid film separation technique is utilized to pretreat the CBS wastewater. The invention provides the treatment technique of every type of production wastewater in the field of rubber ingredient production wastewater for the first time. The method is simple, has the advantages of high treatment efficiency and stable operation, is beneficial to energy saving and environment friendliness, and has obvious environmental benefits.

The invention discloses a DGT / LA-ICP-MS based analysis method of sediment void water metal element micro-area distribution. The method comprises the steps that an internal standard 115In element is fixed to DGT; then fixing glue acting on 115In plays action in a metal standard solution to be tested to get standard to-be-tested metal element fixing glue; LA-ICP-MS analysis is conducted on the standard to-be-tested metal element fixing glue to make a DGT-standard to-be-tested metal element curve; then the DGT probe to which the internal standard 115In is fixed is put into a sediment for testing, the LA-ICP-MS analysis is performed, and a DGT-to-be-tested metal image is drawn. A DGT fixing glue internal standard 115In treatment method is simple, the LA-ICP-MS analysis is conducted by using the single-layer fixing glue, the analysis precision and accuracy are improved, multiple metal elements can be analyzed simultaneously, and the high-quality metal element chemistry image can be obtained.

The invention relates to a method for analyzing soluble organic pollutants in indoor air, in particular to a method for analyzing varieties and contents of organic pollutants in condensation water by measuring and collecting condensation water in indoor air so as to reflect the quality of indoor air. Since the concentration of the organic pollutants in the collected condensation water is lower, a solid phase extraction technology is utilized to enrich the organic pollutants in water, so as to carry out qualitative and quantitative analysis by the aid of a gas chromatograph / velocitron and a high performance liquid chromatograph. The invention has the advantages of simple sampling method, high sample analysis speed, low cost for sample pretreatment, low detection limit and high sensitivity, and can qualitatively and quantitatively detect trace amounts of volatile organic pollutants and soluble organic substances in air. The analysis method is quick, sensitive and accurate, and is especially suitable for relatively closed environments, such as office buildings, engine rooms and the like.

The invention relates to a virtual reality video quality evaluation method based on a double-flow convolutional neural network, which comprises the steps of video preprocessing, wherein a VR differential video is obtained through a left view video and a right view video of a VR video, spatial compression is carried out on video frames at different positions, the frames are uniformly extracted fromthe compressed differential video, each frame is cut into blocks in a non-overlapped manner, a VR video patch is formed by the video blocks at the same position of each frame, so that enough data canbe generated for training the convolutional neural network, and meanwhile, optical flow is extracted for each VR video; establishing two convolutional neural network models with the same configuration; respectively taking the VR video patch and the optical flow as input; and obtaining a final objective evaluation score, wherein the scores obtained by two passages of the video patch and the lightflow are averaged and summed, so that a final objective quality evaluation score is obtained. According to the method, the accuracy of the objective evaluation method is improved.

The invention provides a cadmium ion detection kit as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. Complete antigen of a cadmium ion is a complex of the cadmium ion, a chelating agent andcarrier protein, wherein the chelating agent comprises any one of or a combination of any two of EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), DTPA (diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid), a derivative of DTPA, DOTA (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid) and DOTA-NHS (1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid-N-hydroxysuccinimide eater). The heavy metal cadmium ion is coupled with the carrier protein through a bifunctional chelating agent, the complete antigen of the cadmium ion is obtained, a cadmium ion monoclonal antibody with high immunogenicity and high valence for the cadmium ion is prepared, and the formed kit has high specificity and sensitivity and can be used for detecting the cadmium ion.

The invention provides a food allergen specific IgE detection kit and an application thereof. The kit includes magnetic micro-particles, a food allergen, an enzyme labeled anti human IgE antibody anda substrate, wherein the food allergen is modified with biotin, and the enzyme labeled anti human IgE antibody is modified with alkaline phosphatase. All the reagent components in the kit have good stability, and the kit has the advantages of long validity period, high sensitivity, good accuracy and short detection time.

The invention discloses a method for detecting a phthalic acid ester plasticizer in plastics. The method comprises the following steps: mass spectrometric detection is performed on the pre-treated plastics, wherein, the mass spectrometric detection condition comprises: an ionization mode: direct sampling-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization; a sampling mode: liquid sampling or direct solid sampling; when the sampling mode is the liquid sampling, the pretreatment is characterized in that the plastics are dissolved in an organic solvent, wherein, the organic solvent is one or more of tetrahydrofuran, cyclohexanone and dichloroethane; when the sampling mode is the direct solid sampling, the particle size of the plastics is less than 1mm. The method can simultaneously detect four phthalic acid ester plasticizers in a quantitative mode, in the detection method, a sample pretreatment method is simple, detection time is short within 0.2 minutes, speed is fast, sensitivity is high, and resolution rate is high.

The invention provides a method for detecting a chemical formula in an image based on characteristics of a chemical formula. According to the method of the invention, gray scale transformation, binarization and dividing are performed on a random text image; and chemical formula detection is performed through two aspects of divided characters and a whole image. The method for detecting the chemical formula comprises the steps of determining single / double bonds, matching a template, determining an image pixel density and determining phenyl ring, wherein the divided characters are detected in determining single / double bonds and matching the template, and the whole image is detected in determining the image pixel density and determining the phenyl ring. Detection by four modules is performed on the image successively. If detection by a certain module is satisfied, a fact that the image is a Chemical formula image is determined. According to the method of the invention, detection is mainly performed according to the common character characteristic of the chemical formula and writing structure characteristics; and detection is performed through the projection characteristic of the character, the image density and the structure characteristic of the character. The method has advantages of easy realization, low requirement for conditions such as image resolution and correct degree, and high identification rate.

The invention belongs to the technical field of treatment of solid wastes and particularly relates to a new technology for improving dissolving out of organic matter in excess sludge through pretreatment with an ultrasonic and free ammonia combined technology. The method comprises specific steps as follows: the excess sludge in a secondary sedimentation tank of a sludge treatment plant serves as afermentation substrate after gravity settling, a proper volume of sludge is subjected to ultrasonic treatment, a certain ammonia chloride solution is added to the sludge after ultrasonic treatment, pH and the temperature are controlled, free ammonia with certain concentration is produced, and the free ammonia is further pretreated. Experiments prove that dissolving out of organic matter in excesssludge can be further improved by means of the method, and the method has great significance in reduction and recycling of sludge.

The present invention discloses a substrate controllable step morphology pre-processing method applied to the silicon carbide pyrolysis prepared graphene. The method comprises the following steps of (1) placing a silicon carbide substrate on a pedestal in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) device; (2) setting the pressure in a reaction chamber and the hydrogen flow, and warming to a beginning etching temperature under the hydrogen atmosphere; (3) keeping the pressure and the H2 flow to be constant, letting in the small flow carbon source auxiliary etching while continuously warming to a final etching temperature; (4) after warming to the final etching temperature, keeping the pressure, the temperature and the H2 flow to be constant, and improving the carbon source flow auxiliary etching slowly in a linear slowly varying manner; (5) closing a valve through which a carbon source gets in the reaction chamber, carrying out the pure H2 etching; (6) letting in the silane auxiliary H2 etchingtowards the reaction chamber; (7) cooling to a room temperature under the hydrogen atmosphere, and taking out a pre-processed silicon carbide substrate. The advantages of the present invention are that: a controllable technology window of the pure hydrogen etching is expanded, at the same time, the problem that due to the pure hydrogen etching, the steps on the surface of the substrate are difficult to control is solved. According to the present invention, a sub-damage layer on the surface of the substrate is removed effectively, the controllable, flat and straight steps having no defects alsocan be formed on the surface of the silicon carbide substrate, the dissociation speeds on the steps are consistent, and the supply speeds of the carbon atoms on the step surfaces are same, the growngraphene can be more uniform. The pre-processing method has a higher popularization value.

The invention discloses a treatment method of a natural graphite material, a natural graphite material treated by the method and application of the natural graphite material. The treatment method of the natural graphite material comprises the following steps: (1) drying the natural graphite material until the mass percent of moisture is less than or equal to 1%, and then grinding at a rotating speed of 20000-25000r / min for 5-10 minutes; (2) mixing the material obtained in the step (1) for 90-150 minutes, and then sieving. The treatment method is capable of obviously reducing the specific surface area of the natural graphite material without affecting the original particle size distribution of the material, and as a result, the material morphological regularity of the material is increased, the development of the discharge capacity and the efficiency is not affected, the processability and the sieving performance are improved, the material is good in safety and stable in property, and almost no difference exists between batches.

The invention discloses a pretreatment method and a detection method of amoxicillin, penicillin G and penicillin V. The pretreatment method comprises the following steps that 1, a mixture of a sample to be detected and acetonitrile is centrifuged to collect supernatant, and the sample to be detected is a milk product which does not contain solid particles; 2, the supernatant is loaded to an activated Oasis PRiME HLB solid-phase extraction column, and effluent is collected. The pretreatment method is fast, simple, economical, reliable, capable of effectively extracting components to be detected and removing the influence of a complex matrix, and beneficial for fast detecting the sample to be detected. While the high extraction rate is kept, less organic solvent is used and discharged, loss of the organic solvent is reduced, environment is protected easily, the pretreatment steps are reduced, time is saved, energy consumption is reduced, and the detection method is fast, simple and high in precision and accuracy, and has high application value.

The invention provides a method for identifying HPLC fingerprints for protecting ginseng of origin, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: A, establishing liquid phase chromatograph fingerprints of the ginseng of origin, namely using the ginseng in the same habitat as a standard, analyzing the ginseng by liquid phase chromatograph and establishing fingerprints; and B, detectinga sample, namely taking a ginseng sample to be detected, detecting the sample under the same conditions as the standard respectively to obtain a spectrogram of the detected sample, and analyzing the fingerprints of the detected sample and the standard by a direct observational method or fingerprints software as qualitative basis. The method has simple pretreatment for fingerprints of the ginseng medicinal material established by adopting the liquid phase chromatograph, multiple peak numbers and better separation degree, therefore, contents of main chemical compositions of the ginseng medicinal material have large difference caused by different growing geographic environments and climates. The HPLC fingerprints of the ginseng can provide reference for distinguishing high-end ginseng health-care products from origin places and non-origin places, and provide reference for establishing fingerprints of other traditional Chinese medicinal materials. The research of methodology shows that all the precision, the stability and the repeatability have better application prospect.

The invention discloses a lignin pretreatment method for preparing carbon fibers, comprising the following steps: (1) degrading the lignin with biological enzymes; (2) adding alkali to the degraded lignin for reaction, After the reaction is completed, an oxidizing agent is added for oxidation treatment; (3) Organic acid is added to the oxidized lignin for polymerization reaction, and the pretreated lignin is obtained after the reaction is completed; Methods The lignin molecular chain was adjusted so that the structural units in the lignin were arranged in an orderly manner, with less branched chains on the molecular chain and a stable structure, which had a positive effect on improving the mechanical properties, chemical stability and processability of carbon fibers.

The invention discloses a method for detecting tyrosine by using a chitosan-functionalized gold nano-modified glassy carbon electrode. The method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a mixed liquid A, mixing the mixed liquid and a chitosan solution with the mass fraction of 0.5wt% at the volume ratio of 1:1, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking sediments, dispersing the sediments into water at the mass-volume ratio of (5-8mg):1ml, carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain a micro-solution, titrating the micro-solution on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode and airing to obtain the chitosan-functionalized gold nano-modified glassy carbon electrode; and (2) adopting the chitosan-functionalized gold nano-modified glassy carbon electrode prepared from the step (1) as a working electrode, and detecting the concentration of tyrosine in a to-be-detected solution by using a differential pulse voltammetry of a three-electrode system according to a differential pulse voltammetry curve of the tyrosine. The method has the advantages of being simple in operation, fast in detection and high in sensitivity, and high-sensitivity recognition of the tyrosine in the mixed sample solution can be carried out.

The invention provides a method for determining the concentration of hydrochlorothiazide, losartan and active hydroxy acid metabolite 5-carboxylic acid losartan in plasma by liquid chromatography-massspectrometry. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) pretreating a plasma sample; (2) detecting by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; (3) preparing a standard curve; and (4) determining the concentration of hydrochlorothiazide, losartan and active hydroxy acid metabolite 5-carboxylic acid losartan in plasma. The method provided by the invention is rapid, accurate, high in sensitivity and simple to operate, and serves clinical application of medicines.