The invention discloses a method for preparing a porous ceramic heat-insulating material and belongs to the technical field of heat insulating materials. The method comprises the steps: calcining Al2O3 so as to obtain powder, in which the content of Al2O3 is 99wt%, putting 100g of Al2O3 powder, 80g of ammonium citrate, 100ml of deionized water and Al2O3 milling balls into a stirring mill together, carrying out ball milling for 1 hour, and filtering out the Al2O3 milling balls, so as to obtain Al2O3 slurry with the mass percent of 75%; adding 30g of acrylamide, 50g of N,N'-methylene-bisacrylamide and 50g of ammonium persulfate into the Al2O3 slurry, and carrying out mechanical stirring so as to dissolve the acrylamide, the N,N'-methylene-bisacrylamide and the ammonium persulfate; adding 20g of triethanolamine lauryl sulfate into the solution, carrying out vigorous stirring foaming, adding N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine into the solution until volume expansion is achieved, carrying out stirring for 30 seconds, injecting the mixture into a mold rapidly, and carrying out demolding after a blank is cured; and transferring the blank to a thermo-hygrostat and an air-blast drying oven for curing and drying, and carrying out sintering on the dried blank in a sintering furnace at the temperature of 1,700 DEG C while carrying out heat preservation for 3 hours. The porous ceramic heat-insulating material prepared by the method has the advantages of high strength, low density and low thermal conductivity.