The invention discloses a method for preparing a maize straw board, which comprises the steps of dehydrating maize straws, cutting off the maize straws, compressing the maize straws into an isopycnic straw board-preparation raw material, drying the raw material, sieving the raw material into a coarse material and a fine material, spraying an adhesive, and performing hot press molding, wherein the weight percentage of the straws and the adhesive is 85-90: 10-15. The adhesive for preparing the board consists of 75 to 90 percent of urea-formaldehyde resin, 5 to 8 percent of ammonia water, 0.5 to 1 percent of polyvinyl alcohol, 6 to 12 percent of melamine, and 0.5 to 1 percent of ammonium chloride (weight proportion). The method is characterized by utilizing all components (peels, pulp and leaves) of the maize straws, adopting special equipment to directly compress the cut straws into the board-preparation raw material with the equidensity of between 0.8 and 1.0g/cm3, ensuring the same density of the raw material in sizing and pressing links of the board, improving the internal bonding strength of products, and also improving the utilization rate of the raw material and simplifying production technology so as to reduce production cost at the same time. The maize straw board has the advantages of adequate raw materials, low cost, high board quality, good biological degradability, and no pollution to the environment.