The invention discloses a preparation method of 3D printing building material aggregate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, introducing a material, an adhesive and an assistantinto a reaction kettle, adding water, and stirring; S2, after stirring is completed, manufacturing the mixture into a moldable block; S3, preparing the blocky raw materials into spherical particles byusing a pill making machine, and then polishing the spherical particles in the pill making machine; S4, drying after polishing, drying to obtain spherical particles; calcining the dried particles fora certain time under a high-temperature condition to obtain a finished product aggregate; the structure is scientific and reasonable, the preparation method of the 3D printing building material aggregate is simple, safe and convenient to use, a new preparation scheme of the 3D printing building material aggregate is provided, a new choice is provided for 3D printing building materials, solid waste is recycled, and large-scale, high-valued and resourceful treatment of the solid waste is achieved.