The invention relates to a method for preparing controllable-morphology-and-size mixed-valence tungsten-based nanoparticles, belonging to the field of the preparation of inorganic oxide materials. The method comprises the steps of dissolving a tungsten source into organic straight-chain alcohol, mixing uniformly under magnetic stirring, then, transferring a solution to a reactor for crystallization reaction, and carrying out centrifugation, washing and vacuum drying on a powder sample after reaction, thereby obtaining a powder sample. According to the method, the synthesis steps are simple, and the obtained particles are uniform, are controllable in morphology and size and have excellent and stable near-infrared ray absorbing performance. According to the sample prepared by the method, the sample is a monoclinic-phase W18O49 nanocrystal, the size can be regulated and controlled between 50nm and 2,000nm, the form is uniform, the morphology can be nanowires, nanospheres, fusiform nanoparticles and columnar nanoparticles, and the chemical valence is of the coexistence of +4, +5 and +6. In addition, the sample prepared by the method has relatively strong near-infrared ray absorbing capacity.