The invention relates to the field of edible mushroom breeding, in particular to an oyster mushroom breeding method. The oyster mushroom breeding method includes the following steps that oyster mushroom spores are collected and sown and grow into oyster mushroom fruit bodies in the mature period, mushroom context tissues are cut from the oyster mushroom fruit bodies for cultivation, then hyphae are obtained, the hyphae are cut into slices for cultivation, and the obtained hyphae are oyster mushroom cultures. According to the oyster mushroom breeding method, the hyphae are changed by a physical technological means, the hyphae meet the requirement gradually, and differentiation of the fruit bodies is decreased; the prepared cultures are used for cultivation, good disease resistance and insect resistance are achieved, and the oyster mushroom fruit bodies obtained by planting are thick in hull, deep in color, big, fleshy, not prone to being over ripe, glossy, shiny, rich in mushroom flavor and delicious in taste; the biotransformation efficiency of the first crop of oyster mushrooms reaches up to 70%, differentiation of the fruit bodies is effectively reduced by 30%, yellow mushrooms and dead mushrooms are avoided in the whole growth process, bud removal is avoided, and labor is saved.