The invention relates to the field of a ceramic material and especially relates to an illuminant ceramic mud composition for a mud extruding process. The illuminant ceramic mud composition comprises the following components in a weight ratio: kaoline, bentonite, potassium feldspar, albite, anorthite, quartz, pyrochlore, fluorite, talcum powder, mullite, waste ceramic powder, Jiepai mud, a plasticizer, a liquefaclent, a flocculant, a brightening agent, a high temperature protective agent, an anti-cracking agent, a wetting agent, a tackifier, a rare earth trichromatic phosphor, a sintering additive and water. The illuminant ceramic mud composition prepared according the formula and preparation method provided by the invention has magnificent fluorescence characteristic and light transmittance performance. The illuminant ceramic mud has higher liquidity than that of common mud, difficultly blocks a sprayer in a forming process and has higher plasticity than that of common mud, and meanwhile, a green body is difficult to deform in the forming process.