The invention discloses a method for extracting aluminum, ferrum,
rare earth and
scandium from
red mud, and belongs to the field of high-value comprehensive utilization of
red mud. The method comprises the steps that after the
red mud and a proper amount of concentrated
sulfuric acid are evenly mixed and cured, rapid reduction
roasting is conducted on the mixture with a
reducing agent at a certain temperature for desulfuration, and regeneration and recycling of
sulfuric acid is achieved through acid making with
smoke containing SO2; water leaching is conducted on reduced roasted sand for extracting
rare earth and
scandium, and a water extract is concentrated, separated and purified through wet
metallurgy, so that an Sc2O3 product and a
rare earth-enriched product are obtained; and
magnetic separation is conducted on water leaching residues, so that
iron ore concentrate and
magnetic separation tailings are obtained, and alkaline leaching is conducted on the
magnetic separation tailings, so that aluminum
oxide is prepared. According to the method, based on the principle that each component in the red mud is separated out in each step, effective separation can be achieved, the technique for each step is an existing industrial production technique, and industrial production can be achieved easily.