The invention relates to a formaldehyde-free composite board special for a flame retardant wooden house and a preparing method of the board. Plant fibers are adopted to be smashed, and the plant fibers and a phase change material are jointly machined into the board special for the wooden house. The board comprises a core layer with the flame retardant waterproof phase change energy storage function and a solid wood layer composited on the core layer through pressure; the core layer is prepared by raw materials including, by weight, 30 parts to 80 parts of expanded perlite or sepiolite, 30 parts to 40 parts of any phase change material in paraffin, n-octadecane, octadecanol, cetanol, tetradecyl alcohol, dodecanol, n-decanol, stearic acid, glyceryl stearate, palmitic acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, n-caprylic acid and stearic acid butyrin, 5 parts to 10 parts of Schiff alkaline gel factor, 10 parts to 20 parts of graphite, 20 parts to 40 parts of silica sol solutions, 20 parts to 40 parts of plant fibers, 10 parts to 20 parts of starch, 0.5 part to 5 parts of hydrogen peroxide, 5 parts to 10 parts of glass fibers, 2 parts to 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5 part to 5 parts of a penetrating agent, 8 parts to 35 parts of a flame retardant agent, and 2 parts to 8 parts of a waterproof agent. The beneficial effects of saving a large amount of wood and adjusting the indoor temperature are achieved.