The invention discloses a hydroxypropyl chitosan-barium alginate injectable temperature-sensitive dual-network hydrogel as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation rawmaterials comprise hydroxypropyl chitosan, sodium glycerophosphate, alginate and barium chloride. The double-network hydrogel is low in toxicity, tasteless, degradable, simple in preparation method, mild in implementation condition and good in biocompatibility, mechanical property and temperature-sensitive response performance, and by means of the temperature-sensitive gelling characteristic of the double-network hydrogel, the double-network hydrogel is injected into lacrimal punctum at the room temperature or the low temperature, a gel state is formed at the body temperature, lacrimal ducts are blocked, and the purpose of treating xerophthalmia is achieved. The lacrimal passage suppository material can effectively reduce the cost, and is wide in application range, simple to operate and small in trauma. And moreover, by changing the concentration of barium chloride, controllable operation on the pore diameter, the mechanical strength and the like of the gel can be realized, so that thepurpose of adapting to practical application to a greater extent is achieved.