The invention discloses a method for separating and enriching < 7 > Li isotope through extraction-electromigration coupling. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing an ionic liquid, a diluent and a crown ether compound to form an extraction organic phase; uniformly mixing the extracted organic phase with a lithium salt solution, extracting, and collecting a lithium-loaded organic phase; the anode, the cathode, the anolyte, the catholyte and the isolating membrane jointly form an electromigration system, wherein the anolyte is the obtained lithium-loaded organic phase, and the isolating membrane is arranged between the anolyte and the catholyte; and finally, electrifying the electromigration system to obtain the cathode solution rich in < 7 > Li. According to the method, under the action of an electric field, the lithium isotope separation effect continuously exists, the enrichment limitation of the front end and the tail end of an ion migration flow does not exist, the isolation membrane is not subjected to saturation capacity limitation, meanwhile, all solution phases can be recycled, and the process is clean and environment-friendly; in addition, the process has no special requirements on temperature, humidity, air and the like, and sealing is not needed.