The invention relates to the technical field of metal material surface treatment, in particular to black chemical oxidation liquid for steel and application of the black chemical oxidation liquid. The black chemical oxidation liquid comprises a film-forming agent, an oxidizing agent, a reducing agent, a stabilizing agent, a pH buffering agent, a corrosion inhibitor, an assistant and water, wherein the black chemical oxidation liquid per liter contains 1-10g of the film-forming agent, 0.1-8g of the oxidizing agent, 1-20 g of the reducing agent, 1-10g of the stabilizing agent, 1-8g of the pH buffering agent, 1-8g of the corrosion inhibitor, 1-8g of the assistant and the balance water. According to the black chemical oxidation liquid, the oxidizing agent and the corrosion inhibitor are added based on the basic formula, and the corrosion resistance, adhesive force and the like of a black oxidized film are improved on the premise that energy saving, environmental friendliness, safety and high efficiency are guaranteed. The black chemical oxidation liquid is reasonable in formula, high in film-forming efficiency and easy and convenient to operate, and industrial application and popularization are facilitated.