The invention discloses a process for treating and recovering dye industrial wastewater. The process comprises the following steps of: collecting cyclizing wastewater, adding a calcium hydroxide solution, reacting until the pH value is 5 to 7, and recovering a precipitate to obtain calcium hydrophosphate; adding the calcium hydroxide solution continuously, reacting until the pH value is 10 to 12,and recovering a precipitate to obtain calcium phosphate; adding an acidulant for neutralizing; collecting pigment wastewater, rectifying at the temperature of between 75 and 85 DEG C, and recoveringfractions to obtain ethanol; collecting soda boiling wastewater, mixing the soda boiling wastewater and the treated cyclizing wastewater and pigment wastewater to obtain mixed wastewater, adding the acidulant into the mixed wastewater, regulating the pH value to be 2 to 4, separating a precipitate out, and performing suction filtration and distillation on the precipitate to obtain benzoic acid; and performing primary materialization treatment, biochemical treatment and advanced treatment on the treated mixed wastewater sequentially, and discharging. According to the process, useful substancesin the dye wastewater are recovered, so that the production cost is saved, the load of the subsequent wastewater treatment process is reduced, the discharge of the wastewater can reach the standard, and the economic benefit is improved effectively.