57 results about "Electron exchange" patented technology

A liquid developer which includes an insulating liquid, and toner fine particles containing a coloring agent and a toner resin. In the liquid developer, its electric capacitance does not significantly vary in an electric circuit where an electrical double-layer capacitor and an electronic resistance corresponding to a velocity of an electron exchange during an electrode reaction are connected in parallel, and a resistance corresponding to an electric conductivity of the insulating liquid is connected in series. The coloring agent has a coating layer so as to maintain distances between the toner fine particles. The insulating liquid has a viscosity of 0.5 mPa·s to 1000 mPa·s, a specific resistance of 1×10¹² Ωcm or more, and a surface tension of 30 dyn/cm or less, and may be a nonvolatile liquid having a boiling point of 100° C. or higher.

A novel cell including first and second chambers containing a solvent and separated by a wall permeable to the solvent and impermeable to hydronium and/or hydroxyl ions; a first electrode in the first chamber; a second electrode in the second chamber; a first redox couple in the first chamber comprising a first oxidizer and a first reducer taking part in first oxidation-reduction reactions resulting in an electron exchange with the first electrode; a second redox couple in the second chamber comprising a second oxidizer and a second reducer taking part in second oxidation-reduction reactions resulting in an electron exchange with the second electrode, the wall being impermeable to the first and second redox couples; and first enzymes or first microorganisms placed in the first or second chamber and promoting a third oxidation-reduction reaction resulting transforming a first substance to a second substance comprising acid or alkaline species.

A magnetic head of either CIP or CPP configuration is disclosed, having a read sensor with a strongly pinned ferromagnetic layer due to increased electronic exchange with the AFM layer. The read sensor includes a lower seed layer whose material is chosen from a group consisting of Ta, NiFeCr, NiFeCoCr, NiFe, Cu, Ta/NiFeCr, Ta/NiFeCr/NiFe, Ta/Ru and Ta/NiFeCoCr, and an upper seed layer where the upper seed layer material is chosen from a group consisting of Ru, Cu, NiFe, Cu(x)Au(1-x)(x=0.22-0.5) alloys, Ru(x)Cr(1-x)(x=0.1-0.5) alloys, NiFeCr and NiFeCoCr. An AFM layer is formed on the upper seed layer and a ferromagnetic pinned layer is formed on the AFM layer. The exchange coupling energy Jk between the AFM layer and pinned layers exceeds 1.3 erg/cm2. Also disclosed is a method of fabrication of a magnetic head including a read head sensor with a strongly pinned ferromagnetic layer due to increased electronic exchange.

The invention discloses a preparation method of metal nanoparticles doped graphene. The preparation method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps of: placing a graphene film with a metal substrate in a vacuum film-plating machine and vacuumizing till 0.001Pa; heating the graphene film to 100 DEG C and keeping for 30 minutes; cooling the graphene film to normal temperature and heating a metal target placed in a crucible for carrying out metal deposition on the surface of the graphene film; and filling argon and breaking vacuum when the metal deposition thickness under monitoring reaches the required thickness to acquire a metal nanoparticles doped graphene film. By adopting a method of evaporating in vacuum in the preparation method disclosed by the invention, the metal nanoparticles are evaporated on the surface of the graphene film and electron exchange is carried out between the metal nanoparticles and the graphene film by utilizing a work function difference between the graphene and the metal nanoparticles, so that a Fermi surface of the graphene film is changed, and regulation and control between carrier concentration and polarity of the graphene film are realized.

The invention relates to a multi-path lighting protection bag and a pre-buried method of the lighting protection bag in soil, and the multi-path lighting protection bag is used for guiding thunder, short-circuit current and the like into the ground quickly under different geological conditions. Padding and multi-path extension agent are adopted in the multi-path lighting protection bag, wherein the padding is prepared by smelting and mixing of low-potential metal alloy, various raw mineral materials and chemical materials, and the multi-path lighting protection bag is arranged on grounding nets of industrial equipment, buried underground. Thus, a grounding device can be prevented from being corroded, quick electro exchange of light current on the grounding nets and surrounded soil can be guaranteed, ions can be generated continuously, electric conduction ways can be increased, continuous smoothness of the electric conduction ways can be guaranteed, counter electromotive force can not be generated, and therefore the pre-buried method of the lighting protection bag in the soil is a good lighting protection method. The multi-path lighting protection bag and the pre-buried method of the lighting protection bag in soil are suitable for lighting protection of underground grounding devices such as chemical industry facilities, electrical equipment, buildings and communication facilities.

The invention relates to a preparation method of an anion-exchange membrane, which comprises the following steps: generating free radicals on the surface of polymer powder by plasma bombardment, carrying out graft copolymerization on the free radicals and chloromethyl styrene monomer, introducing functional radicals onto the polymeric matrix, and quaternizing and alkalifying the functional radicals to form ion-exchange radicals, thereby obtaining the anion-exchange membrane of which the functional radicals are uniformly distributed in the longitudinal direction. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of no toxicity and no environment pollution, and does not damage the polymer frame. The prepared anion-exchange membrane has the advantages of favorable thermal stability, chemical stability, electron exchange capacity and ionic conductivity, and low methanol transmittance, is suitable for polymer dielectric fuel batteries, and is especially suitable for alkaline direct alcohol fuel batteries.

Disclosed is a method for chemically modifying the surface of polytetrafluoroethylene materials, which allows biocompatibility of the materials to be improved. The method comprises the steps of: mixing a hydrogen compound, such as sodium hydroborate, with a cyclic compound, such as anthraquinone or derivatives thereof, in an organic solvent, such as dichloromethane, so as to produce a reactant solution; adding polytetrafluoroethylene materials, such as ePTFE artificial blood vessels, PTFE films or porous PTFE membranes, to the reactant solution; applying heat or ultraviolet energy to the mixture containing the polytetrafluoroethylene materials, so as to remove fluorine from the surface of the polytetrafluoroethylene materials by electron exchange reaction; removing the remaining reactants from the polytetrafluoroethylene materials; and drying the polytetrafluoroethylene materials. The expanded polytetrafluoroethylene artificial blood vessels and the like, whose surface were modified according to the present invention, have a hydrophilic surface changed from a hydrophobic surface, a remarkably reduced fluorine content, and increased cell adhesion. Furthermore, the surface-modified ePTFE artificial blood vessels may be coated with a biodegradable polymer, such as cell adhesion proteins or polylactide, etc. Also, the surface-modified ePTFE films exhibit remarkably increased permeability.

The invention relates to a metal-organic framework material for a hydrogen production reaction by water electrolysis and a preparation of a nanosheet structure of the material and belongs to the technical field of crystalline materials. The material has the structural formula as follows: [Co(1,4-ndc)(Py2S)(H2O)]n, wherein n denotes positive infinity, 1,4-ndc denotes 1,4-naphthalic acid, and Py2S denotes single sulfur pyridine. The metal-organic framework material adopts a two-dimensional network structure formed by transition metal ions, an organic ligand 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and an auxiliary ligand single sulfur pyridine through coordinate bonds or intermolecular force. The transition metal ions are preferably selected from bivalent cobalt and nickel ions. The metal-organic framework material has good thermal stability. A nanosheet prepared with the metal-organic framework as a precursor has relatively excellent proton transfer and electron exchange capability and highly exposed catalytic activity sites and has better performance for hydrogen production by water electrolysis. The metal-organic framework material can also be expected to serve as an efficient novel catalyst material for hydrogen production by water electrolysis.

An electrocoating fixture comprises two plugs, a clamp spring and a hanging tool, wherein the clamp spring is fixed on the hanging tool; a hole is punched in the plug and a metal rod passes through the hole; an elastic conductive part is fixed at the inner end of the metal rod; the elastic conductive part is clamped on the inner wall of a workpiece which is plugged by the plug; and the whole workpiece is clamped when the metal rod on the plug is clamped by the clamp spring. The electrocoating fixture can ensure electron exchange between the electrocoating and the coated surface so as to deposit the electrocoating on the surface of the workpiece. The hanging point is hung on an inner hole through the elastic conductive part on the plug, so that the hanging point is effectively prevented on the coating surface of the workpiece, the coating surface has no hanging point after the workpiece is dried and hung, the uniformity and consistency of the workpiece coating are improved, and the corrosion resistance of the whole workpiece is improved.

The invention provides pasting paper and a production method thereof. The pasting paper is prepared from raw materials including long-fiber wood pulp, hemp pulp, chemical fibers, a wet strength agent and a PEO (polyoxyethylene) dispersing agent through steps including raw water processing, beating, auxiliary adding, papermaking, coating and finished paper forming. The pasting paper and the production method have the benefits as follows: the produced pasting paper has good dry strength and wet strength, can meet the strength requirement in follow-up processing and actual use, has good acid solubility, low ash content, liquid absorption and air permeability and can be totally dissolved under the action of strong acid without residues; electrolyte in a storage battery can be permeated uniformly, electrons exchange effectively, the usability of the storage battery is improved, and the service life is prolonged.

The invention discloses a cubic-phase fluorite type terbium and calcium niobate magneto-optical crystal applied in a visible-near infrared light area, and a preparation method thereof. The crystal is grown by adopting a flux czochralski method, the molecular formula of the crystal is Tb[3x]Ca[2-2x]Nb[2-2x]O7, wherein x is equal to 0-1, and the crystal belongs to a cubic crystal system, and the space group of the crystal is Fm-3m. The magneto-optical crystal has high transmittance in the visible infrared light area, is high in the content of magnetic rare earth ions, large in electron exchange action, and beneficial to achieving better magneto-optical property. In addition, the influence of crystalline double refraction on the magneto-optical effect can be effectively avoided through the isotropous characteristic of the cubic crystal system. In addition, the magneto-optical crystal is a congruent melt compound, can be grown by adopting medium-frequency induction czochralski method, the production technology is simple, and short in period, and the cubic-phase fluorite type terbium and calcium niobate magneto-optical crystal can be massively produced on large scale with low cost.

The invention relates to a soil microbial fuel cell taking graphite rods as electrodes. The soil microbial fuel cell comprises a cathode graphite rod, a voltmeter and an anode graphite rod, wherein the voltmeter is connected with the cathode graphite rod and the anode graphite rod respectively through a conductive wire, upper parts of the cathode graphite rod and the anode graphite rod are wound with copper wires connected with the conductive wire, the upper part of the anode graphite rod is sleeved with an insulating sheath, a thread is formed at the lower part of the cathode graphite rod, the lower part of the cathode graphite rod is matched and connected with the insulating sheath through the thread, and the lower parts of the insulating sheath and the anode graphite rod are tapered. The soil microbial fuel cell is inserted into soil more easily, greater damage to a soil structure and plant roots is avoided, the contact area of the anode graphite rod with an electrolyte in the soil is increased, and electron exchange and higher voltage output are facilitated; and the graphite rods which are low in cost, soft and easy to process, and materials are easy to obtain, so that the graphite rods are good electrode materials.

The invention discloses a biochar with a high electron exchange capacity, and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of environmental engineering materials. The method comprises the following steps: testing biochemical components contained in a biomass raw material to be used for preparing biochar; determining whether the biomass raw material needs to be optimally blended or not according to the electron exchange capacity of the target charcoal and the composition of the biomass raw material; if optimal blending is needed, determining the optimal formula direction according tothe composition of the biomass raw material, and then adding a proper biomass optimal blending biomass raw material, grinding the optimally blended mixture; if optimal blending is not needed, directlygrinding the biomass raw material, sieving the ground raw material in a full amount, and fully and uniformly mixing to obtain biomass to be pyrolyzed; and finally, selecting corresponding pyrolysis temperature and pyrolysis time for pyrolysis according to the composition of the biomass to be pyrolyzed and the electron exchange capacity of the target biochar, and pyrolyzing so as to obtain the target biochar with high electron exchange capacity. The method disclosed by the invention is low in energy consumption and can be used for directionally preparing the biochar with high electron exchangecapacity.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biosensors, and particularly relates to a lactic acid biosensor which comprises a substrate, a carbon working electrode, a carbon counter electrode, a reference electrode and a lactic acid sensing film, wherein the carbon working electrode is an aminated graphite printing electrode, the lactic acid sensing film is formed on the surface of the carbon working electrode after lactic acid oxidase for establishing an electron transfer network is chemically crosslinked by a difunctional chemical crosslinking agent, and the lactic acid oxidase for establishing the electron transfer network is prepared by modifying electrochemically activated lactic acid oxidase by a carboxylated nano material. The electrochemical activation technology of the lactate oxidase is adopted, so that the lactate oxidase can perform direct electron exchange with the electrode, the sensitivity, accuracy, reproducibility, stability, specificity and anti-interference capability of dynamic detection of lactic acid can be improved, the service life of the implantable continuous lactic acid monitoring system is prolonged, and meanwhile, the cost of the lactic acid biosensor is greatly reduced.

The invention discloses a thermal battery positive electrode material with high performance and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of thermal batteries. Through the steps of turbid liquid preparation, drying, calcination and the like, in-situ generation of at least one particle of nano-structure MgO, MgF2, Al2O3, AlF3, ZrO2 and SiO2 on the surface of a thermal battery positive electrode active material is realized under specific process conditions, and the wettability of a molten salt electrolyte on the thermal battery positive electrode active material is improved, so that the electrochemical reaction active area between the molten salt and the electrolyte is increased, the ion-electron exchange transfer process in the discharge process is accelerated, and the polarization impedance is reduced, so that when the high-performance positive electrode material is applied to a thermal battery product, the performance of the battery is obviously improved, and the wide application prospects are realized.

The invention relates to a method for preparing sulfuric acid by catalytically oxidizing low-concentration sulfur dioxide in baking flue gas. The method comprises the following steps of (1) introducing baking flue gas into a spray absorption tower, and spraying water onto the tower bottom of the spray absorption tower for dedusting and cooling to obtain a cooled spray liquid; (2) filling cooled and dedusted baking flue gas into a wet electron exchange resin layer loaded on the spray absorbing tower, oxidizing an electron exchange resin into an oxidization type resin with oxygen in the baking flue gas, reducing the oxidation type resin into a reduction type resin by using sulfur dioxide in the baking flue gas, oxidizing the sulfur dioxide into sulfur trioxide, and spraying with the spraying absorbing tower to obtain a dilute sulfuric acid; and (3) finally exhausting the baking flue gas out of an upper layer demister layer of the spray absorbing tower. The method has the beneficial effects that scaling and blocking are avoided; the desulfurizing efficiency is high; the investment is small; and nearly zero-cost running is realized, and great social benefit and economic benefit can be created.

A method for detecting or assaying a target material in a sample solution, including: a first process for forming a metal oxide thin film containing a target material model on an electrode substrate; a second process for forming, on the metal oxide thin film, a recess into which the target material is able to engage, by removing the target material model from the metal oxide thin film; a third process for having the sample solution, into which a redox reactive molecule is added, contact the metal oxide thin film in which the recess is formed; and a forth process for electrochemically detecting a transition of electron exchange with the redox reactive molecule in the vicinity of the electrode substrate surface, before and after the third process.

The invention discloses a modification method of a granular carbon material for anaerobic digestion of low-concentration wastewater, and relates to the modification method of the granular carbon material. The invention aims to solve the problems that existing modified activated carbon loaded with ferroferric oxide particles is complex in preparation method and the specific surface area is reduced.The modification method comprises a step of preparing the modified granular carbon material by using an iron material as a dopant of a modified granular carbon material by adopting a coprecipitationmethod. The method has the advantages that the method is simple and feasible, the production process is short, total time consumption is less, influence factors are few, consumed raw materials are few, high-temperature heating is not needed, cost is low, and economical efficiency is achieved. In addition, the specific surface area, conductivity, hydrophilicity and electron exchange capacity of thegranular carbon material are increased. The modification method is mainly used for preparing modified granular carbon materials.