1591 results about "Sulfur trioxide" patented technology

A new method for the removal of environmental compounds from gaseous streams, in particular, flue gas streams. The new method involves first oxidizing some or all of the acid anhydrides contained in the gas stream such as sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) to sulfur trioxide (SO₃) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂). The gas stream is subsequently treated with aqua ammonia or ammonium hydroxide which captures the compounds via chemical absorption through acid-base or neutralization reactions. The products of the reactions can be collected as slurries, dewatered, and dried for use as fertilizers, or once the slurries have been dewatered, used directly as fertilizers. The ammonium hydroxide can be regenerated and recycled for use via thermal decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate, one of the products formed. There are alternative embodiments which entail stoichiometric scrubbing of nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides with subsequent separate scrubbing of carbon dioxide.

The invention provides a method for cooperative activation of fly ash and decomposition of gypsum for recovery of a sulfur resource. According to the method, solid waste, i.e., fly ash, discharged by a coal-fired power plant or coal-fired boiler is used as a raw material, a certain proportion of desulfurized gypsum discharged by the coal-fired power plant or waste phosphogypsum produced in the phosphorus chemical industry is added and mixed with the fly ash, then the obtained mixture is subjected to ball milling, and activation and calcination at a temperature of 950 to 1450 DEG C are carried out for 5 to 180 min; calcium sulfate in the gypsum are almost totally decomposed after calcination, and produced gas contains sulfur dioxide or sulfur trioxide which can be used as feed gas for preparation of sulfuric acid; and calcination enables solid fly ash to be activated, leaching with a sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid solution is carried out at a temperature of 50 to 100 DEG C, and the leaching rate of alumina is greater than 80%. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that since all the raw materials are solid waste, the purpose of treating the waste by using the waste is achieved; elemental sulphur in the gypsum can be recovered; and the fly ash can be activated and activity of the fly ash can be improved, so a high alumina recovery rate at a low temperature can be realized. With the method, high-efficiency extraction of alumina in the fly ash is realized; the sulfur resource in the gypsum is recovered; shortage in industrial sulphur in the sulfuric acid industry in China is compensated; and the method has good economic benefits and wide industrial application prospects.

A process for producing 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid (ATBS) which comprises reacting acrylonitrile, fuming sulfuric acid, and isobutylene. During the reaction, the concentration of 2-methyl-2-propenyl-1-sulfonic acid (IBSA) and/or that of 2-methylidene-1,3-propylenedisulfonic acid (IBDSA) in the reaction system are determined. When the IBSA concentration exceeds 12,000 mass ppm and/or the IBDSA concentration exceeds 6,000 mass ppm, then the concentration of sulfur trioxide in the reaction system is reduced. Thus, ATBS having an IBSA content of 100 mass ppm or lower and an IBDSA content of 100 mass ppm or lower is produced.

In a method for removing an organic film such as photoresist from a wafer, the wafer is placed into a chamber. A liquid including an acid, such as sulfuric acid is applied to the surface of the wafer. Sulfur trioxide is supplied into the chamber. Alternatively, fuming sulfuric acid may be used. The wafer may optionally be spinning in the chamber. The liquid forms a liquid layer on the surface of the workpiece. The chemical reaction of the acid and the SO₃ removes the organic film. Further improved results may be achieved in removing many organic films by heating the wafer, or the liquid, or both. Providing ozone gas into the chamber may also be helpful in some applications. In a related method, an organic film is removed from a wafer by applying an acid film or layer on to the surface of the wafer. The acid, is heated. An oxidizer is then delivered to the heated acid film. The combined action of the acid and the oxidizer removes the organic film, typically without leaving any residues. The acid may be sulfuric acid and the oxidizer may be hydrogen peroxide.

A method shortened form glycol desulfurizing method for desulfurizing Sox (x=2 and/or 3) in the gas using a solution of which the main constituent is glycol which is glycol solution for short. The main constituent of glycol solution in the invention is glycol. The method of glycol desulfurization in the invention, firstly, absorbs SOx (containing: SO2 and/or SO3) in the gas using glycol solution, and then the glycol solution after absorbing Sox is generated by one or several methods in heating method, vacuum method, ultrasonic method, microwave method and radiation method. SO2 and SO3 byproduct is exhausted out, and the glycol solution after regenerated is cyclic utilized.

The invention discloses a device for removing sulfur trioxide from smoke. The device comprises a bin, a screw feeder, a smoke delivery pipe, a spray gun, a denitration inlet flue, a denitration reactor and a spoiler, wherein the screw feeder is provided with a feeding opening and a discharging opening, and the feeding opening is connected with the bin and used for controlling the discharging rate of an absorbent; the smoke delivery pipe is provided with a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet, and the discharging opening is connected with the smoke delivery pipe; the smoke outlet is connected with the spray gun, and the spray gun is used for spraying the absorbent for strong alkaline particles; the denitration inlet flue is used for mixing the absorbent with smoke, and the smoke outlet and the spray gun are positioned in the flue; the denitration reactor is connected with the denitration inlet flue. The device can be applied to a coal firing unit of a thermal power plant, effectively reduce the SO3 content, reduce the influence of the sulfur trioxide on the denitration device and an air pre-heater, and reduce pollutants to realize smoke clean emission.

The present invention is a system and method for treating a flue gas stream to remove strong acid compounds selected from the group consisting of hydrofluoric acid (HF), hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), and sulfur trioxide (SO₃) by injecting a sodium sorbent selected from the group consisting of sodium sesquicarbonate, sodium carbonate-bicarbonate, trona ore, mechanically refined trona ore, and trona into the flue gas stream, calcining substantially all of the sodium sorbent in the presence of the flue gas stream to form a soda ash, reducing the concentration of the at least one strong acid compound in the flue gas stream by reacting the at least one strong acid compound with the soda ash to form a sodium based by-product; and changing the chemistry of the flue gas stream to reduce the overall average resistivity of the particulate matter.

After adjusting an exhaust gas temperature at an exit of a heat recovery unit (11) of an exhaust gas treating apparatus to not more than a dew point temperature of sulfur trioxide (SO₃), a heavy metal adsorbent is supplied from a heavy metal adsorbent supply unit (16) disposed in an exhaust gas at an entrance of a precipitator (4) or an intermediate position within the precipitator (4), and the exhaust gas containing the heavy metal adsorbent is supplied into the precipitator (4). Preferably at this stage, the heavy metal adsorbent is supplied into the exhaust gas at the entrance of the precipitator (4) 0.1 seconds after the exhaust gas temperature at the exit of the heat recovery unit (11) has been adjusted to not more than the dew point temperature of SO₃. Further preferably, in order to prevent acid corrosion of equipment, the heavy metal adsorbent is supplied after spraying an alkali into the exhaust gas at the entrance or exit of the heat recovery unit (11) and adjusting the exhaust gas temperature at the exit of the heat recovery unit to not more than the dew point temperature of SO₃. Accordingly, even when coal with a high sulfur content is used as fuel, heavy metals in the exhaust gas can be removed effectively.

The invention relates to a method for preparing naphthalene sulphonic acid by sulfonating sulfur trioxide in a microreactor, belonging to methods for preparing dye intermediates in the field of fine chemical engineering. The method comprises the following steps: taking alkyl halide and nitromethane as an organic solvent, naphthalene and derivative thereof as the raw material and organic solution of liquid sulfur trioxide as a sulfonating agent, preparing a solution according to the mol ratio of the organic solvent, the raw material and the sulfonating agent of 19-74:1:1-3 in the microreactor of with channel with the diameter of 10-50 microns, and sulfonating the reaction solution to prepare the naphthalene sulphonic acid by controlling the sulfonation reaction temperature to be between 17DEG C below zero and90 DEG C. The method adopts a continuous flow reactor, solves the problem of impossible transient mixing in the conventional reactor, prevents secondary reaction caused by local excess, and is especially suitable for strong exothermic reaction, fast reaction and flammable and explosive reaction. Compared with the preparation technology in the traditional batch reactor, the invention has the advantages of no generation of waste water and waste acid, clean and environment-friendly technology, consumption of sulphonic acid close to the theoretical quantity, fast reaction speed, low sulfonation temperature, high product yield, good repeatability, high labor productivity and low equipment cost.

The invention relates to an acesulfame potassium cyclization continuous production method. The method is characterized in that the sulfonation reaction and hydrolysis reaction comprise the following steps: step a, separately pumping an intermediate generated during a synthesis reaction and sulfur trioxide into a sulfonation reactor in a certain speed, carrying out sulfonation reactions in the sulfonation reactor; step b, gasifying dichloromethane when the concentration of the reactants in the sulfonation reactor reach a certain level, spraying the sulfonation liquid into a hydrolysis reactor; step c, dropwise adding acidic water into the hydrolysis reactor to carry out hydrolysis reactions. The method has the advantages that an cyclization one-step reaction technology is adopted, thus the continuity of production operation is realized, and the work strength of workers is reduced; compared to the conventional intermittent production technology, the one-step reaction method has a higher stability, improves the service life of the reactor, shortens the reaction time, and reduces the side reactions. Furthermore, in the method, the sulfonation reaction temperature is raised, then dichloromethane gasification is utilized to reduce the reaction temperature, so that low temperature production is avoided, and a deep cooling ice machine is stopped, so the production efficient is greatly improved, and the energy consumption is largely reduced.

The invention relates to hollow glass microballoons and a production method thereof. The hollow glass microballoons are characterized by comprising the following raw materials in portion by weight: 75to 80 portions of silicon dioxide, 7 to 15 portions of boron oxide, 1 to 4 portions of aluminium oxide, 0.5 to 1.5 portions of calcium oxide, 0.8 to 1.2 portions of magnesium oxide, 5 to 6 portions of sodium oxide, 0.0 to 0.3 portion of sulfur trioxide and 0 to 0.05 portion of ferric oxide. The production method of the hollow glass microballoons comprises the following steps: compounding, melting, water quenching, drying, crushing, grading, hollow balling, collection and air separation, and is characterized in that the hollow balling comprises the following steps: ejecting a glass raw material, gas and combustion-supporting gas upwards from the bottom of a balling furnace for combustion, and cooling the glass microballoons upwards by a cooling device after melting under the action of a draft fan. The hollow glass microballoons have the advantages of good surface tension, high compression strength and chemical stability. The production method can better ensure material balling, and hassimple process, less equipment and good effect as much as possible.

The invention relates to a film comprising greater than 80 wt % single-wall carbon nanotubes wherein the tensile modulus is at least about 6 GPa at 0.2% strain and the conductivity of the film is at least about 70,000 S/m. The tensile modulus is typically about 8 GPa at 0.2% strain. The method for making the film comprises preparing a solution of single-wall carbon nanotubes in a superacid, such as oleum containing approximately 20 to 30% sulfur trioxide, under a dry, oxygen-free atmosphere. The solution is placed on a surface in a moisture-containing atmosphere, wherein the solution absorbs moisture and acid leaches out. The film is washed to further remove acid, dried, and, optionally, subjected to a heat treatment. Besides free-standing films, coatings of single-wall carbon nanotubes can be made on a variety of surfaces including polymers, glass, metals, and ceramics. The surfaces can be flat planes, fibers or contour shapes.

A cluster tool architecture and method are provided for processing substrates by exposure to a process environment, including a reactive gas, such as sulfur trioxide, as well as prior and subsequent treatments thereto. The cluster tool architecture comprises: (a) an atmospheric processing area, maintained at atmospheric pressure or higher; (b) cassette means for introducing a plurality of the substrates into the atmospheric processing area; (c) at least one process station in the atmospheric processing area; (d) an enclosed vacuum processing area, maintained at a vacuum pressure; (e) a first buffer station between the atmospheric processing area and the enclosed vacuum processing area; (f) at least one process station in the enclosed vacuum processing area isolated from the enclosed vacuum processing area by an isolation valve for exposing the substrates to the process environment; (g) a second buffer station between the atmospheric processing area and the enclosed vacuum processing area; (h) an atmospheric transfer arm in the atmospheric processing area for transferring the substrates from the cassette means between one of the buffer stations and at least one process station in the atmospheric processing area and then to the cassette means; and (i) a vacuum transfer arm in the enclosed vacuum processing area for transferring the substrates from one of the buffer stations to one of the vacuum process stations in the enclosed vacuum processing area and from that vacuum process station in the enclosed vacuum processing area to the buffer station, wherein both buffer stations are equally accessible to both the atmospheric transfer arm and the vacuum transfer arm. The cluster tool architecture integrates atmospheric or high pressure processing with vacuum processing. Since integration allows random access, there is a freedom of programming process flow. The architecture allows re-entry of substrates, so that process steps can be repeated at any time, and it allows substrates to be replaced back into original cassette after process is complete.

The invention relates to a process and catalyst for the oxidative desulfurization of hydrocarbonaceous oil. In one aspect, solid carbon materials are provided having stable sulfur trioxide and nitrogen dioxide oxidative species on the surface thereof. Such materials are useful in the production of low sulfur hydrocarbon feedstocks and in the removal of refractory sulfur compounds.

A method for producing sulfuric acid by oxygen-enriched air incineration of acid gas containing hydrogen sulfide belongs to the technical field of environment protection technology and comprises the following steps of: sending the acid gas containing hydrogen sulfide and oxygen-enriched air into a hydrogen sulfide incinerator for incineration, discharging the furnace gas after incineration, and recovering high-temperature furnace gas heat energy of an outlet; adding water into the furnace, and heating by the utilization of heat released from incineration; using dilute sulfuric acid discharged from a purification system as addendum water; demisting and drying the cooled furnace gas, entering into a conversion system for heat exchange preheating so as to generate sulfur trioxide, carrying out heat exchange on the discharged conversion gas, and entering into an absorbing tower for absorption. According to the invention, high and medium grade heat energy generated during the sulfuric acid production process is fully utilized, and dilute sulfuric acid is fully recovered and used, thus realizing less investment, low cost, high recovery rate of waste heat, clean production and no pollution in the production of sulfuric acid.

The invention discloses a modified steel slag composite admixture and a preparation method thereof. The modified steel slag composite admixture comprises 55-75wt% of micro mineral slag powder, 20-40wt% of micro steel slag powder, and 1-5wt% of sintering desulphurization slag. Concrete prepared by mixing the modified steel slag composite admixture of the invention with cement has the following characteristics: the seven day active index is greater than 75%, the twenty-eight day active index is greater than 100%, the specific surface area is equal to or greater than 400m<2>/kg, the sulfur trioxide content is equal to or less than 4.0%, the chloride ion content is equal to or less than 0.06%, the ignition loss amount is equal to or less than 3.0%, and the autoclaving stability is qualified. The modified steel slag composite admixture which allows a low early strength disadvantage of steel slag composite admixtures to be overcome, working performances of concrete to be effectively improved, the strength and the endurance of concrete to be improved, and energy consumption required by slag grinding to be effectively reduced and is in favor of the low carbon economy realization, is a resource use type concrete admixture.

The present invention pertains to products and processes relating to compatible polymer blends comprising at least one sulfonated polymer and at least one non-sulfonated polymer. The sulfonated polymers may be produced using a number of sulfonating agents including a coordination complex of sulfur trioxide. The polymeric blended materials described herein are useful in a variety of applications, including as coatings for medical devices, protective clothing and fabric, laboratory equipment, vascular stents and shunts, absorbent materials and separation membranes, three-dimensional constructs, devices, and other uses.

The invention relates to an acesulfame cyclization continuous production method. The acesulfame cyclization continuous production method is characterized in that sulfonation reaction and hydrolysis reaction comprise the following steps: respectively dripping intermediates and sulfur trioxide generated in synthesis reaction into a sulfonation reaction kettle by a certain flow rate, conducting cooling in the sulfonation reaction kettle, and conducting primary reaction; reactants in the sulfonation reaction kettle automatically overflowing into a sulfonation liquid kettle after reaching a certain amount, and conducting spontaneous reaction; putting sulfonation liquid into a hydrolysis kettle after the spontaneous reaction, and meanwhile dripping acid water to conduct hydrolysis reaction. The acesulfame cyclization continuous production method has the advantages that cyclization continuous reaction process is adopted, continuity of production operation is achieved, and labor intensity of workers is reduced, besides, compared with traditional batch production process, stability of cyclization continuous reaction is high, service life of the reaction kettles is prolonged, cryogenic load is lightened, and production efficiency is greatly improved.

The following devices are successively disposed in the following order from an upstream side to a downstream side in an exhaust gas duct of a combustion apparatus: an air preheater, preheating combustion air for use in an exhaust gas treating apparatus; a heat recovery unit, recovering exhaust gas heat at an exit of the air preheater; a precipitator, collecting soot/dust contained in an exhaust gas at an exit of the heat recovery unit; a wet flue gas desulfurizer, removing sulfur oxides contained in the exhaust gas at the exit of the precipitator; and a reheater, heating the exhaust gas at the exit of the wet flue gas desulfurizer. Each of the heat recovery unit and the reheater has a heat exchanger tube, and a circulation line is disposed to connect the heat exchanger tubes. A sulfur trioxide (SO₃) removing agent is supplied to the upstream side of the heat recovery unit, and the temperature of the exhaust gas at the exit of the heat recovery unit is adjusted to not more than a dew point of sulfur trioxide. As the sulfur trioxide removing agent, use is preferably made of at least one among a sulfur trioxide adsorbent, a sulfur trioxide reducing agent, and a sulfur trioxide neutralizing agent. Thus, even when coal with a high sulfur content is used as fuel, heavy metals contained in the exhaust gas can be removed effectively from the exhaust gas.

The invention relates to a device and a process for effectively removing sulfur trioxide in smoke through a natural alkali. The device comprises a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet, wherein a bent transitional flue is arranged between the smoke inlet and the smoke outlet; a nozzle system is arranged on the bent transitional flue; a wear-proof plate is arranged on the smoke incoming direction of the nozzle system; and the nozzle system is connected with a natural alkali slurry preparation system. The smoke from the outlet of a selective catalyst reduction (SCR) reactor is sprayed and washed through the natural alkali slurry to completely absorb sulfur trioxide (SO3), and then enters an air preheater. The device for effectively removing sulfur trioxide in the smoke through the natural alkali disclosed by the invention, through the nozzle system on the flue between the tail part of the SCR reactor and the air preheater and by spraying the natural alkali slurry into the flue, can absorb and remove SO3 with a removal efficiency of 80-90% through the strong alkalinity of the natural alkali; through setting the position, quantity, angle and outlet flow velocity of the nozzle, uniform mixing of the absorbent and the smoke is guaranteed; and through the wear-proof plate, abrasion of the smoke on the nozzle is reduced, and optimization and adjustment are carried, so as to reduce the resistance of the flue to the greatest extent.