The invention discloses a preparation method of 1-bromoalkyne and 1-iodoalkyne. The preparation method comprises the following steps that terminal alkyne is adopted as a raw material, a chloramine salt and an iodine salt or a bromine salt is adopted as a halogenation system, and reaction is carried out in a solvent to synthesize a series of 1-bromoalkyne and 1-iodoalkyne type compounds. In the formula shown in the description, R in terminal alkyne is selected from chain-like alkyne, ring-shaped alkyne, olefin, ester group, cyanogroup, substituted phenyl group and heterocyclic arene; the chloramine salt is selected from one of chloramine B, chloramine T or o-chloramine T; the iodine salt is selected from one of sodium iodide, potassium iodide, ammonium iodide, lithium iodide or tetrabutylammonium iodide; the bromine salt is selected from one of sodium bromide, potassium bromide, lithium bromide, magnesium bromide, ammonium bromide or tetrabutylammonium bromide; the solvent is selected from one or is mixed by two of water, benzene, methylbenzene, 1, 4-dioxane, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, methanol, tetrahydrofuran, alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, N, N-dimethyl formamide, n-pentane,dichloromethane, petroleum ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, chloroform, n-hexane, carbon tetrachloride, n-butyl alcohol, 1,2-dichloroethane or acetonitrile. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the beneficial effect that the application is wide.