The invention discloses a multi-component polymerized scale inhibitor. The multi-component polymerized scale inhibitor is characterized in that: the scale inhibitor which is a quarternary polymerized compound comprises the following components, by mass, 25-35 parts of acomitic acid, 12-20 parts of acrylic acid, 15-22 parts of methyl acrylate, 8-15 parts of sodium alkyl sulfonate, 5-9 parts of ammonium persulfate, 5-10 parts of isopropanol, and 70-150 parts of water, and the pH of the scale inhibitor is adjusted by sodium hydroxide. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the multi-component polymerized scale inhibitor. The scale inhibitor which is prepared in the invention has an excellent scale inhibition effect on BaSO4 scales and SrSO4 scales, has an obvious scale inhibition performance on Ca3(PO4)2 and CaCO3, has the characteristics of corrosion inhibition, high temperature resistance, controllable molecular weight, no phosphorus and the like, and no three wastes are discharged in the whole production process of the scale inhibitor. The scale inhibitor of the invention, which has the advantages of simple technology, less dosage, low cost and good effect when the scale inhibitor is used to process industrial circulating water, oilfield water and the like, has good economic benefits and wide social benefits.