42results about How to "Potential window width" patented technology

The invention discloses a high-specific-surface-area boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode which comprises an electrode substrate. A boron-doped diamond layer is arranged on the surface of the electrode substrate. Or, a transition layer is arranged on the surface of the substrate, and then a boron-doped diamond layer is arranged on the surface of the transition layer. Metal particles are distributed in the diamond layer, and tiny holes and / or pointed cones are distributed on the surface of the diamond layer. Compared with a traditional plate electrode, the boron-doped diamond electrode contains a large number of tiny holes and pointed cones and has the extremely high specific surface area, and the large current intensity is provided through the low current intensity; and meanwhile, due to the different electrode configurations of the substrate and modification of surface graphene and / or carbon nano tubs (CNT), the mass transfer process can be greatly improved, the current efficiency and the electrochemical property are greatly improved, and the BDD electrode with high electrocatalytic activity and high using efficiency is prepared. The electrode can be widely applied in the fields of electrochemical wastewater purification treatment, electrochemical biosensors, strong oxidant electrochemical synthesis, electrochemical detection and the like.

The invention belongs to the field of automobile surface washing, and relates to an anhydrous car washing liquid. The washing liquid is mainly composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 to 35 parts of paint film protective agent, 3 to 15 parts of luster-enhancing / lubricating conditioning agent, 2 to 18 parts of ionic liquid, 5 to 32 parts of surfactant, 4 to 16 parts of auxiliary surfactant, 0.1 to 5 parts of scratch filler, 0 to 10 parts of deionized water, and 0.01 to 0.3 part of essence. The selected ionic liquid and surfactant can generate a synergetic effect, under the help of a co-emulsifier, a thermally-stable micro-emulsion system can be formed, the system is stable, the dirt removing performance is greatly improved, and the organic attachment such as bird manure can be easily removed by the provided washing liquid.

The invention relates to a microwave electro-Fenton method for processing organic wastewater and a device thereof. Under the action of microwave, a boron-doped diamond film electrode is used as an anode material for electrochemical degradation processing, and organic pollutant containing wastewater is processed efficiently by an electrochemical method. According to the invention, the boron-doped diamond film electrode is utilized to continuously generate hydroxyl radical with strong oxidation capacity in a wastewater system containing divalent iron ions, and in-situ activation of the boron-doped diamond film electrode is carried out by means of thermal effect and non-thermal effect of microwave so as to increase activity of the electrode and promote mass transfer process during the degradation process of organic pollutants. Therefore, the oxidation capacity of the electro-Fenton reaction is enhanced, and mineralization reaction rate is effectively accelerated. In comparison with traditional Fenton and electro-Fenton methods, the processing effect of the microwave electro-Fenton method provided by the invention is effectively enhanced. The method provided by the invention is simple to operate, has a good effect of processing organic wastewater, and has a wide application prospect as well as development potential.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a GO (Graphene Oxide) / NiCO LDHs catalytic material for detecting glucose and an electrochemical sensor. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, dispersing graphene oxide (GO) into absolute methanol to obtain a graphene oxide dispersion solution; synthesizing GO@ZIF-67 by utilizing cobalt nitrate hexahydrate and dimethylimidazole; then carrying out hydrothermal synthesis on the GO@ZIF-67 and the nickel nitrate hexahydrate to obtain the GO / NiCO LDHs catalytic material; finally, dropwise adding a catalytic material solution onto a cleaned bare glass carbon electrode, so as to obtain a GO / NiCO LDHs modified electrochemical sensor. According to the preparation method, good electrochemical performance of the graphene oxide, and a porous structure and a regular shape of an MOFs (Metal Organic Frameworks) material are combined; ZIF-67 is used as a sacrificial template and oriented growth of the NiCO LDHs catalytic materialis realized; the stability of the glucose electrochemical sensor is enhanced, a detection range is expanded, the detection cost is reduced and the sensitivity of detection is improved. An enzyme-freeelectrochemical sensor makes a breakthrough of improving the analytical performance including high stability, high sensitivity and high catalytic performance and.

The invention belongs to the technical field of using an electrochemical method for processing organic-polluted waste water, and in particular relates to a microwave electrochemical method for processing waste water and devices. A boron-mixed diamond membrane electrode which has stable work under microwave action is used as an anode material of electrochemical degradation processing of the invention. Devices comprise a thermostatic bath, a peristaltic pump, a flow meter, a reactor, a boron-mixed diamond membrane electrode (anode), a titanium electrode (cathode) and a microwave oven. The invention uses microwaves for promoting the mass transferring process of organic pollutants, activates the boron-mixed diamond membrane electrode, improves electrode activity and accelerates the velocity ofelectrochemical oxidizing reaction. Compared with that of the pure electrochemical oxidization, in the same time, the removal rate of 2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid of the invention is increased by 152 percents. The method has simple operation, and has good processing effect on organic waste water, and wide application prospect and developing potential.

The invention belongs to the technical field of windshield water, and particularly relates to environment-friendly automotive windshield water which is main prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: ethanol, ethylene glycol, glycerin, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, acrylate, ionic liquid, dibutyl dithiocarbamate nickel, and the like. The environment-friendly car windshield water provided by the invention has no damage to automotive glass and organic membrane; components such as the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone are added, so that rubber wiper blades have a function of mildew proofing and elasticity recovering, the service life of the wiper blades is effectively prolonged, and water can be wiped more thoroughly; sodium sulfate and urea are cooperated to quickly remove frost and snow on glass surfaces.

The invention relates to a rechargeable aluminum ion fused salt battery and a preparation method thereof, belongs to the technical field of batteries, and is used for energy storage and transformation of reproducible clean energy such as wind energy, solar energy and tidal energy. The rechargeable aluminum ion fused salt battery comprises an anode, a cathode and electrolyte, wherein the anode is made of graphite, the cathode is made of metal aluminum or alloy thereof, and the electrolyte is a fused haloid system including aluminum ions. The rechargeable aluminum ion fused salt battery provided by the invention has the characteristics of being capable of charging and discharging quickly, high in capacity and efficiency, stable in cycle performance, high in safety, clean and environment-friendly.

The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries used for energy storage and energy conversion of wind energy, solar energy, tidal energy and other renewable clean energies, and particularly relates to a low temperature inorganic fused salt aluminium ion supercapacitor battery and a preparation method therefor. The aluminium ion fused salt battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte, wherein the positive electrode active material adopts a compound of a carbon material and a transitional metal sulfide; the negative electrode adopts metal aluminium or aluminium alloy; and the electrolyte adopts aluminium chloride and alkali metal, or a mixed fused salt system of alkaline earth metal chloride and a certain amount of bromine aluminate and chlorine aluminate additive. The secondary aluminium ion fused salt battery provided by the invention has the characteristics of rapid charge and discharge, high capacity, high efficiency, high cycling stability and excellent charge-discharge features, wide sources of the electrode material, easy manufacturing, low cost, and green and environment-friendly property.

The invention relates to a preparation method of an electrochemical aptamer sensor for the detection of streptomycin. The method is as below: modifying an electrode surface layer by layer by a porous carbon nanospheres (PCNS), polyaniline-copper oxide-gold cage (PANI-CuO-GM) composite, standing to a dry state at normal temperature, then fixing to a streptomycin aptamer to the electrode surface modified by the above nano material, and blocking non-specific binding sites by using bovine serum albumin as a blocking agent; conducting electrochemical test on the prepared streptomycin aptamer sensor, and detecting the streptomycin concentration through current change before and after the combination of the streptomycin with aptamer. The preparation and detection method of the streptomycin aptamer sensor system well solve the tedious procedures of the current sensor preparation, and uses carbon material as a signal amplification material to greatly reduce the manufacturing cost. The electrodes of the same batch of sensors have good identity, and can achieve mass production and commercialization.

The invention provides a nickel-boron-nitrogen co-doped diamond electrode. The nickel-boron-nitrogen co-doped diamond electrode comprises a base body and a nickel-boron-nitrogen co-doped diamond filmlayer arranged on the surface of the base body, wherein the nickel-boron-nitrogen co-doped diamond film layer comprises a flat structural layer arranged on the surface of the base body and an array bump structure arranged on the surface of the flat structural layer. The array bump structure is arranged on the nickel-boron-nitrogen co-doped diamond film layer of the nickel-boron-nitrogen co-doped diamond electrode, so that a catalysis specific surface area can be provided; the nickel-boron-nitrogen co-doped diamond electrode has a very high hydrogen-evolution electric potential, very strong electrocatalytic activity and physical and chemical stability, has a very low resistance value, and can perform electrocatalytic reduction on carbon dioxide with high selectivity. The invention further provides preparation and application of the nickel-boron-nitrogen co-doped diamond electrode.

The invention discloses a boron-doping diamond film based ascorbic acid oxidase sensor electrode which is composed of a boron-doping diamond film, an amino monomolecular layer and an enzyme membrane layer. The preparation method of the ascorbic acid oxidase sensor electrode comprises the steps of: firstly, depositing a boron-doping diamond film on a tantalum sheet which is subjected to a surface pre-treatment by utilizing a hot filament CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) device; then performing amination modification on the boron-doping diamond film; and finally fixing the ascorbic acid oxidase on the surface of the ammoniated diamond film by adopting a chemical crosslinking way, wherein the electrode can be used on an electrochemical biosensor. The boron-doping diamond film based ascorbic acid oxidase sensor electrode, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages of having the limit of detection of 1*10-11 mol / L, and having high sensitivity, good reproducibility and long service life as the electrode inherits the advantages of corrosion resistance, extremely high oxygen evolution overvoltage, wide electric potential window, high electrochemical stability and the like of the diamond.

The invention relates to a method for growing an upright three-dimensional netlike noble metal nano-plate on a boron-doped diamond substrate, which comprises the following steps: firstly, when electro-deposition is used in an electrochemical technique, using hydrogen bubbles generated on the surface of a boron-doped diamond film substrate material as a dynamic template so as to obtain an upright three-dimensional netlike nano metal plate; and secondly, in the process of performing a chemical method, using the upright three-dimensional netlike nano metal plate as a template, and through substitution reactions, using high valent noble metal to replace the upright three-dimensional netlike nano metal plate so as to obtain the upright three-dimensional netlike noble metal nano-plate on a boron-doped diamond film. The special structure obtained by the method not only can give full play to the advantages of the boron-doped diamond, but also can greatly improve the specific surface area of the noble metal and effectively promote the diffusion of active reaction molecules in a hole pipeline by a netlike nano structure. Simultaneously, the special combination ensures that a working electrode obtains high electrochemical properties in material types and structural shapes.

The invention relates to a production method of a ceramic microfiltration membrane electrode with a Ti4O7 coating. The production method of the ceramic microfiltration membrane electrode with the Ti4O7 coating comprises the steps of (1) producing a polyvinyl alcohol solution, adding titanium dioxide, polyacrylic acid, glycerin and polyvinylpyrrolidone, and conducting mechanical stirring to form Ti4O7 precursor sol; (2) immersing a flat ceramic microfiltration membrane into the Ti4O7 precursor sol obtained in the step (1), coating the surface of the flat ceramic microfiltration membrane with a Ti4O7 precursor sol membrane through dip-coating, and placing the flat ceramic microfiltration membrane coated with the Ti4O7 precursor sol membrane in air for drying to form a ceramic microfiltration membrane electrode coated with Ti4O7 precursor gel; (3) placing the ceramic microfiltration membrane electrode, which is obtained in the step (2), coated with the Ti4O7 precursor gel in a muffle furnace for annealing, and conducting cooling to form a ceramic microfiltration membrane electrode with a Ti4O7 precursor coating; and (4) conducting annealing reduction on the ceramic microfiltration membrane electrode, which is synthesized in the step (3), with the Ti4O7 precursor coating in a hydrogen atmosphere to finally form the ceramic microfiltration membrane electrode with the Ti4O7 coating.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a defect-state titanium oxide-aluminum oxide-graphene ceramic electrode. The method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing and fully mixing aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zinc, zinc oxide and graphene solid powder according to a certain ratio to obtain a uniform mixture; (2) mixing, ball-milling and granulating the mixture and a binder, and pressing into a polar plate with a specific size; (3) carrying out heat treatment and high-temperature sintering treatment on the formed polar plate; and (4) carrying out fluorination treatment on the sintered polar plate, and drying to obtain the defect-state titanium oxide-aluminum oxide-graphene ceramic electrode. The in-situ oxygen defect construction technology is adopted, and the obtained electrode is high in electrical conductivity, good in stability and large in electrochemical active area and can be used for large-scale industrial wastewater deep treatment.

The invention discloses a high-voltage resistant electrolyte and application thereof in a high-voltage supercapacitors, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemistry. The electrolyte of the present invention comprises an electrolyte formed by mixing a quaternary ammonium salt or a quaternary phosphate salt with a bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide salt, organic solvents and high voltageadditives, has wider potential window and better electrochemical stability, and are not easy to decompose at high voltage, and are not easy to destroy electrode materials due to side reactions with functional groups on the electrode materials. The application of the high-voltage-resistant electrolyte in the high-voltage supercapacitor of the invention enables the supercapacitor to work stably fora long time under the voltage of 2.7 to 3.2 V, and the working temperature range is wide. 40 to 70 DEG C, and has that advantage of low viscosity, high conductivity, small internal resistance and thelike.

The electrophoresis tank in which the conductive diamond film is used as an electrode of the invention belongs to the technical field of biological equipment. The structure has an electrophoresis tank (1), electrodes, wires (4) connecting the electrodes and a power supply, and an electrode fixing device (3); the electrode is a conductive diamond film electrode (2), which is formed by chemical vapor deposition. The boron or nitrogen doped diamond film grown on the substrate or the self-supporting boron or nitrogen doped diamond film has a resistivity in the order of 10-4 to 10-2 Ω·cm. The electrode fixing device (3) is a fixed slot type. The electrophoresis nucleic acid and protein molecular results of the conductive diamond film electrode of the present invention are similar to the platinum wire electrode, even better than the platinum wire electrode, and can be easily removed and cleaned repeatedly without damage. After repeated experiments and cleaning electrophoresis The result has no significant change; it has the characteristics of long service life, low maintenance cost, simple preparation method, no pollution, strong corrosion resistance and the like.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a porous boron-doped diamond electrode with nano diamond powder as a counterfeit template and belongs to the technical field of electrode materials. Themethod aims at solving the technical problems that in the prior art, a three-dimensional BDD electrode preparing technology is complex, time is consumed, and the cost is high. The method for preparing the porous boron-doped diamond electrode with the nano diamond powder as the counterfeit template is disclosed. Nano diamond suspension liquid is dripped on a substrate, a suspension liquid film isformed, the suspension liquid film is heated and evaporated, nano diamond powder is formed on the substrate in a self-assembling manner to form a porous film, and then the porous film is put into a microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition chamber to be deposited to obtain the porous boron-doped diamond electrode. By means of the preparing technology, a template is omitted, a bonding agent is omitted, and a wet process corrosion step is omitted, the complexity and cost of the three-dimensional BDD electrode preparing technology are effectively lowered, the preparing repeatability is improved,and large-area and large-scale preparing of the BDD electrode is benefited.

The invention discloses a method for determining the content of p-acetamidophenol by virtue of a boron-doped diamond film electrode and relates to a method for determining the content of p-acetamidophenol. The method is used for solving the problems of narrow linear range, need of sample pretreatment and complex and cumbersome operation in the existing method for determining the content of p-acetamidophenol. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing the boron-doped diamond film electrode; secondly, preparing a standard solution; thirdly, establishing a standard curve; and fourthly, determining the content of p-acetamidophenol in a to-be-detected solution. The method has the advantages of wide linear range, high accuracy, good reproducibility, no need of expensive reagents and long service life of the electrode and the determination operations are relatively simple and fast.

The invention provides a sulfur ion implanted nano diamond-graphene composite film. The nano diamond-graphene composite film is prepared on a monocrystalline silicon substrate by hot filament chemicalvapor deposition, sulfur ion implantation is performed on the prepared composite film, and vacuum annealing treatment is performed on the implanted composite film to obtain an SNCD-G composite film.The composite film has excellent electrochemical activity, extremely low background current and a wide potential window, and is very beneficial to application in the field of high-precision trace detection.

The invention belongs to a preparation method of a chemically modified carbon paste bismuth film electrode. The method is to uniformly mix and grind carbon powder, modifier and hydrophobic organic solvent to form a carbon paste, then put it into an electrode shell plugged with a copper screw rod of comparable size, and compact it to form a carbon paste electrode; wherein, the modifier is artificial Zeolite, hydrophobic organic solvent is methyl silicone oil or paraffin oil. In the sample solution containing bismuth ions, the potential is applied by differential pulse voltammetry to carry out constant potential deposition, and the chemically modified carbon paste bismuth film electrode can be obtained; or the carbon paste electrode is placed in the sample test solution added with bismuth ions, through Differential pulse voltammetry applied potential for potentiostatic deposition for in situ bismuth coating and detection of heavy metal ions. By applying the invention, the heavy metal ion in the water sample can be detected conveniently, quickly and sensitively.

The invention discloses a boron-doped diamond electrode with high conductivity, a long service life and a high specific surface area. The boron-doped diamond electrode is prepared by taking an etchedsubstrate as an electrode matrix; or arranging a transitional layer on the surface of the etched substrate as the electrode matrix and then arranging a boron-doped diamond layer on the surface of theelectrode matrix, wherein the boron-doped diamond layer comprises a boron-doped diamond bottom layer, a boron-doped diamond middle layer and a boron-doped diamond top layer with different boron contents; the boron-doped diamond bottom layer in contact with the matrix is taken as a conducting layer, the boron-doped diamond middle layer is taken as an anti-corrosive layer, the boron-doped diamond top layer is taken as a strong electro-catalytically active layer, the substrate is a composite material composed of a metal phase and a ceramic phase, and the metal phase is distributed continuously inthe composite material. The boron-doped diamond electrode has high conductivity, low residual stress, long service life and high specific surface area, and the degradation efficiency is improved greatly when being applied to degrading wastewater.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a defect-state titanium oxide-aluminum oxide-graphene ceramic electrode. The method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing and fully mixing aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zinc, zinc oxide and graphene solid powder according to a certain ratio to obtain a uniform mixture; (2) mixing, ball-milling and granulating the mixture and a binder, and pressing into a polar plate with a specific size; (3) carrying out heat treatment and high-temperature sintering treatment on the formed polar plate; and (4) carrying out fluorination treatment on the sintered polar plate, and drying to obtain the defect-state titanium oxide-aluminum oxide-graphene ceramic electrode. The in-situ oxygen defect construction technology is adopted, and the obtained electrode is high in electrical conductivity, good in stability and large in electrochemical active area and can be used for large-scale industrial wastewater deep treatment.

The invention provides a nano-diamond-graphene composite film implanted with sulfur ions. The invention uses hot wire chemical vapor deposition to prepare a nano-diamond-graphene composite film on a single crystal silicon substrate, and performs sulfur ion injection on the prepared composite film. Injection, and vacuum annealing is performed on the implanted composite film to obtain the SNCD‑G composite film. This composite film has excellent electrochemical activity, extremely low background current and wide potential window, which is very conducive to the application in high precision in the field of trace detection.

The invention discloses a boron-doped diamond electrode with high conductivity, long service life and high specific surface area. The boron-doped diamond electrode uses an etched substrate as an electrode base; or on the surface of an etched substrate After the transition layer is set as the electrode base, a boron-doped diamond layer is set on the surface of the electrode base. The boron-doped diamond layer includes a boron-doped diamond bottom layer with different boron content, a boron-doped diamond middle layer, and a boron-doped diamond layer. Top layer; wherein, the boron-doped diamond bottom layer in contact with the substrate is used as a conductive layer, the boron-doped diamond middle layer is used as a corrosion-resistant layer, the boron-doped diamond top layer is used as a strong electrocatalytic active layer, and the substrate is a metal phase and A composite material composed of ceramic phases, the metal phase is continuously distributed in the composite material; the boron-doped diamond electrode obtained in the present invention has high electrical conductivity, low residual stress, long life, and high specific surface area, and when it is applied to degrade wastewater, the degradation efficiency is greatly improved promote.

The invention discloses a supercapacitor based on silver nanoparticles loaded on a porous cobalt strontium lanthanum oxide substrate. The supercapacitor comprises leads, a charge collector, a positive electrode material, a diaphragm and a negative electrode material; at least one of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material is an electrode material formed by the silver nanoparticles loaded on the porous cobalt strontium lanthanum oxide substrate; the preparation comprises the steps of preparing a cobalt strontium lanthanum oxide ceramic powder material firstly by adopting a ceramic method; adding the prepared cobalt strontium lanthanum oxide ceramic powder material into a ball milling tank, and then adding a pore forming agent and a solvent, and performing ball milling and drying, and carrying out calcining on a formed blank at a temperature of 900-1,100 DEG C for 4-15h to prepare the porous cobalt strontium lanthanum oxide substrate; and impregnating an AgNO<3> solution, and loading the silver nanoparticles, and performing vacuum drying and then calcining. The supercapacitor disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of high specific capacity, wide potential window, high energy density, high stability and the like, as well as the advantages of high safety, low cost, environment protection and no pollution, and the like.

The invention belongs to the field of electrochemistry, and relates to a catalyst for electrochemical reduction of CO2 based on boron-nitrogen co-doped nano-diamond, in which the dopant nitrogen content is 0-10 at%, the boron content is 0-5 at%, Size 10 ~ 500nm. The boron-nitrogen co-doped nano-diamond of the present invention is prepared by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition method under the conditions of tungsten wire temperature 1900-2200°C and pressure 200-2000Pa for 10-20h, wherein the volume fractions of N2 and CH4 are respectively 2.5-25 %, 0.5-20%. The electrochemical reduction CO2 catalyst has the advantages of high electrocatalytic activity, high C2 product selectivity and good material stability for the electrochemical reduction CO2 reaction. It is a non-metallic electrocatalytic material with excellent performance and low price, which can be applied to CO2 The field of resource utilization.

The present invention relates to Ti 4 o 7 The preparation method of the coated ceramic microfiltration membrane electrode includes: (1) configure polyvinyl alcohol solution, add titanium dioxide, polyacrylic acid, glycerin and polyvinylpyrrolidone, and form Ti 4 o 7 Precursor sol; (2) Immerse the flat ceramic microfiltration membrane into the Ti obtained from step (1) 4 o 7 In the precursor sol, the surface of the flat ceramic microfiltration membrane was coated with Ti 4 o 7 Precursor sol film, dried in air to form Ti 4 o 7 Precursor gel-coated ceramic microfiltration membrane electrode; (3) step (2) to obtain Ti 4 o 7 Precursor gel-coated ceramic microfiltration membrane electrodes were annealed in a muffle furnace, and Ti 4 o 7 The ceramic microfiltration membrane electrode of precursor coating; (4) the Ti synthesized by step (3) 4 o 7 The precursor-coated ceramic microfiltration membrane electrode is annealed and reduced in an atmosphere of hydrogen to form Ti 4 o 7 Coated ceramic microfiltration membrane electrodes.

The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and provides a treatment method of emulsion wastewater. The method includes: assisting coagulating sedimentation with potassium ferrate, combining an electrochemical oxidation method for jointly treating the emulsion wastewater, adopting PAC as a coagulant, using potassium ferrate as a coagulant aid, controlling the reaction temperature at 35-40DEG C, conducting coagulating sedimentation pretreatment on the emulsion wastewater for 10min, and performing standing for 30-40min; and after the emulsion wastewater coagulating sedimentation pretreatment is completed, connecting a BDD electrode electrochemical oxidation process, and carrying out advanced treatment on the effluent of the coagulating sedimentation process. Potassium ferrate is used as the coagulant aid, so that the removal effect of the coagulant on organic pollutants can be improved, and the product of potassium ferrate after hydrolysis does not cause harm toa human body and does not cause secondary pollution. And the biodegradability of effluent is improved. The electrochemical method can efficiently degrade pollutants in the wastewater, does not generate harmful substances, and does not cause secondary pollution. Compared with a membrane treatment method, the method is easy to construct and does not need cleaning.